Nervous Tissue

Nervous Tissue - Exercise Twelve Study Notes

Neuron Structure and Function

• Dendrites

  • The part of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses toward the cell body.

• Types of Neurons

  • Neurons that carry nerve impulses between sensory neurons and motor neurons are called interneurons.

• Bipolar Neurons

  • Neurons with one dendrite and one axon are classified as bipolar neurons.

• Myelin Sheath

  • Node of Ranvier: Unmyelinated gaps between segments of the myelin sheath, crucial for the propagation of nerve impulses.

  • The oligodendrocytes are the neuroglial cells that produce the myelin sheath around axons of neurons located in the central nervous system.

Reflex Arc

• Effector

  • In the reflex arc, the muscle or gland that responds to a motor impulse is referred to as the effector.

Communication Between Neurons

• The functional contact between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector is called a synapse.

Neural Circuits

• The circuit that likely plays an important role in various physiological processes such as breathing, waking up, sleeping, and short-term memory is classified as a reticular formation circuit.