Transport systems

When is the sodium potassium pump used (Protein Pump)

• Nerve cell signaling

• heart contractions 

• kidney functions 

• The kidneys sodium potassium pump helps maintain the sodium and potassium balance, it also plays a role in maintaining blood pressure and control cardiac contractions

• Failure of potassium pump can result in the swelling of the cell

Potassium imbalance ( Don't need to know )

• Hyperkalemia or hypokalemia may happen 

• Potassium levels can be checked through blood work 

Aldosterone (a hormone)

• a corticosteroid hormone which stimulates absorption of sodium by the kidney and so regulates water and salt balance 

• High sodium delivery to distal tubule

• High urine flow (getting rid of potassium)

• High serum potassium level  

• If low aldosterone, then opposite, low everything instead of high

Low blood sodium

• Common in older adults

• Hospitalised or living in long term care facilities

• Signs of Hyponatremia can include

• Change in personality

• Lethargy and confusion

• Severe hyponatremia can cause seizures, coma and even death

Hypernatremia is the

• Level of sodium on blood being too high

• Involves dehydration which can have many causes 

Quiz

Water functions and body

Phosphate heads fatty acid tails 

Fluid mosaic 

Selectively permeable

Bilayer

Transport of water

Gasses

Passive transport

Active transport 

TONICITY Kinds of solutions hypo hyper and iso     tonic 

Potassium pump 

Forms of bulk transport 

Phagocytosis and pinocytosis too 

NO ACTION POTENTIAL