Untitled Flashcards Set

The Influence of Seapower upon history"- Treaty on global navel Strategy that preached building a powerful navy and navel bases around the globe to protect U.S interest

Spanish War of 1896 – Quick 4-month war vs. Spain, showed the U.S. to be a true global military power.

"Yellow Journalism" – Sensationalist, dishonest news reporting intended to increase profit and shape public opinion with falsehoods.

USS Maine – U.S warship exploded and sank in Havana, Cuba. Ship's destruction and 261 sailors KIA (killed in action), hyped media frenzy to declare war.

Spanish American War – Quick 4-month war vs. Spain, showed the U.S. to be a true global military power.

Commodore George Dewey – U.S. naval commander at the Battle of Manila Bay.

"Rough Riders" – (1st Volunteer Cavalry) Roosevelt’s hand-picked collection of volunteers for action in Cuba. Former cowboys, ball players, golf pros, and college friends.

Philippine American War – Filipino nationalist revolt against U.S. occupation of the Philippines; three-year war, costing 4,200 KIA, 16,000 insurgents KIA, and 200,000 civilians dead.

Emilio Aguinaldo – Filipino nationalist leader of the insurgents, captured in 1902.

Wilson’s 14 Points – Progressive plan for global peace and was rejected by U.S. voters.

Colonial Self-determination – Wilson demanded France and the UK renounce colonialism.

League of Nations – Also demanded the creation of an international security organization led by the U.S.

Georges Clemenceau – Prime Minister of France (The Tiger) 1914.

David Lloyd George – Prime Minister of Great Britain (Welsh Wizard).

F. Scott Fitzgerald – Originated the term "Jazz Age," author of This Side of Paradise and The Great Gatsby.

Jazz Age – Era of vast economic prosperity and jazz, blues, and prohibition.

18th Amendment – Forbade manufacture, sale, transportation, import, and export of all intoxicating liquors.

"Flapper" – Modern U.S. woman of the 1920s, with bobbed hair, short skirts, and new dance moves.

Two things Granny never had – Birth control and the right to vote.

19th Amendment – All women have the legal right to vote.

Ford Model T – Revolutionized daily life in America, initiated asphalt roads, traffic lights, billboards, gas stations, diners, motels, etc.

Charles A. Lindbergh – First pilot in the world to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean in 33.5 hours, flying 3,600 miles from New York to Paris on the "Spirit of St. Louis."

Buying Stocks on Margin – Borrowing money to purchase stock shares without the full cash amount on hand (like buying stocks on a credit card).

Black Tuesday (Oct 29, 1929) – Combined loss of 30 million stock shares in less than 48 hours; the crash was caused by buying stocks on margin. However, it was not the primary cause of the Great Depression.

The Great Depression – Greatest economic disaster in U.S. history, created by the FED permitting the practice of buying stocks on margin and FDR’s bad ideas. It only ended because of WWII.

Smoot-Hawley Tariff – Highest tariff on imported goods in 10 years, Hoover’s idea. This triggered international tax reprisals against the U.S. and caused major crashes in U.S. exports, reducing them by 66%, driving unemployment up from 7.8% to 23.6%.

Bonus Expeditionary Force (BEF) – Established with 17,000 strong veterans protesting in D.C. in 1932. Veterans were attacked by U.S. Army units led by Gen. Douglas MacArthur.

Roosevelt’s Fireside Chats – FDR’s bi-weekly radio broadcasts aimed at educating voters about economics and instilling optimism.

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) – Main purpose was to provide work relief for young men and their families.

Agriculture Adjustment Act – Main goal of the Act was to raise farm incomes by taking land out of production in exchange for government money.

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) – Fundamentally the purest example of Marxism in the entire New Deal; mandated that private businesses hand over government control of prices and labor for government promotion.

National Recovery Administration (NRA) – The Blue Eagle symbol and motto “We Do Our Part.” The NRA was created to oversee and run the NIRA.

Social Security Act (1935) – A payroll tax on all American citizens forcing them to become welfare recipients at age 60 in order to receive financial assistance that was originally their wages.

Grapes of Wrath – Novel about hardships during the Dust Bowl written by John Steinbeck; made into a movie in 1940.

Works Progress Administration (WPA) – Following the Supreme Court shutdown of the NIRA, FDR created the WPA, similar to the CCC. The WPA built 10% of every single new construction project in the U.S. from 1935-1943.

Alfred Thayer Mahan – Former U.S. Navy captain who authored The Influence of Sea Power Upon History.

Theodore Roosevelt – Prominent Progressive; Republican Secretary of the Navy, resigned to fight in Cuba in 1898.

Queen Liliuokalani – Queen disposed of in 1893 by a U.S. coup for having opposed the Americanization of Hawaii.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand – Future emperor of the Austrian Empire; assassinated by a Serbian terrorist in August 1914. His murder began World War I.

The Zimmerman Telegram – A plea from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann, asking Mexico to invade the U.S. in exchange for a German victory and the return of Texas, California, New Mexico, and Arizona.

Central Powers – Germany, Austria, Turkey (bad).

Allied Powers – France, Great Britain, Russia.

General John J. “Blackjack” Pershing – Commander of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) in World War I.

John Steinbeck – Wrote the novel about the hardships of the Dust Bowl, Grapes of Wrath.

General Douglas MacArthur – Led the U.S. Army units which attacked veterans during the BEF (Bonus Expeditionary Force) protest.