exam 4

Probation

-Criminal punishment that involves incarceration that is suspended

given chance to stay home

Offenders agreement to meet specific conditions while being Supervised

- perceived as weak

Parole

• releasing a prisoner with certain Conditions before try Serve their entire prison sentence

• too prove they behave well

benefits and costs with probation and parole

Probation

• Save money

• Avoid Stigmatization

• Avoid Criminogenic environment

  Parole

• Save money

• Allow community integration

Conditions of probation (Spt )

• Standard Conditions: imposed on all probationers

• Punitive Conditions : to increase Severity / restrict

• treatment conditions: to target Specific needs

standard - rules that everyone on probation must follow

• meet with po

• job = Keep it

• tell officer if you move

punitive- extra rules to move punishment a little tougher

• Pay money back to someone

• community Service

Treatment: Special rules to help person fix thur life

• go to rehab

• take anger management classes

• therapy or conselning

Determing factors for parole and probation.

• behavior

• Incarceration length

• Severity of Crime

• Criminal history

• mental illness

• Victim input

Parole revocation

• Confront witness = ask questions

• Receive written notice:letter of what they did wrong

• present testimony, witness and evidence - bring people and proof of their story

• written Statement - letter explaining why decision was made

  Probation revocation : Taking away someones probation if they break it

• Preliminary hearing = Check if there is enough proof that

person broke rules

hearing = po shows their proof, person on probation get to defend themselves, decision is mode

• Sentencing= give a warning

• Add conditions

• Revote probation

Mandatory parole

- person must be let out of prison after certain amount of time

discretionary parole

- might get out of prison early, it pardle board says Its ovay

Other forms of release

work release: work outside prison to get job skills

Study release: attend classes outside of prison

Furloughs: temporally leave prison to reconnect with families, find a job or housing

Parole board models

institutional

- parole board inside prison

Autonomous

parole board outside prison

consolidated

Prison staff and workers give advice to parole board

Still make final decision the parole board

Primary funcbion’s of parole officers

• getting or keeping job

• manage money

• getting back in touch with tam/ Friends

• finding place to live

• learning to live with rules and regular chechins

Primary functions of probation officers

• resource mediation (Finding help)

• Surveillance

• enforcement

1960s - 70s

Rehabilitation was the goal helping people, through education and treatment

1980s - 90s

Incapacitation : keeping offendes locked up because rehab was believe to not work

U.S Rank in incarceration = 614.

Key trends in Mass Incarceration

• rapid increase in 1980s-90s

• Impact on African Americans

• U.S had highest Incarceration rates

• Overcrowding in prisons

types of Intermediate Sanctions

Day reporting Centers,

• people go to certain Special centers everyday where they can get help

Shock probation

• Someone goes to prison for short time but they dont know thy will get out early

•  Scares them into understanding the Seriousness

  shock incaneration (boot Camp)

• military boot camp fur people who havent committed many Crimes before

Intensive Supenision probation

• someone on probation has to meet with their peeds po a lot more than usual

home Confinement (house Arrest )

• Stay at home instead of going to prison

Intermediate Sanctions

-punish people without sending them to prison

benefils of Diverse

Correctional Staff

• learning from each other

• better understanding of Offenders

• Positive example for inmates

Prison Models

Custodial Model

• keeping prisoners locked up and away from

• main goal = Incapacitate, Retribution, Deterrence

Rehabilitation

• popular in 1450-70s

• help prisoners learn from their mistakes

Reintegration

- getting prisoners ready to go back to their communities

Jails

- where people are held while waiting for trial or Serving Shorter Sentence

prisons

- people in prison are longer time, more Serious Crimes

Jail accreditation

• help make Sure Jail follow professional standards and run properly .

• its like a Check up

types of service in Prison /Jail

• Substance abuse services

• mental illness

• religios Services

• medical

• Counseling

  staff roles

• Correctional Officers = Supervise prisoners

• medical Staff = keep prisoners healthy

• teachers= teach classes

Chaplain= Spiritual needs

Coordinators= Organize activities

Criticism of private prisons benefits

benefits

• Flexibility

• Case government pressure

• Creativity

Criticism

• expensive

• less avality

• Staff turnover

• less accountability

traits subculture male vs. Female

Male

• get involved in gangs

• engage involve in violence

Female

• Family

• affection

• Kinship

inmate labor

benefits

• maintain Operations

• Weep prisoners busy

• Saves money

• teaches skills

Criticism

• Unfair

• Unsate

• more freedom

Inmate balance theory

Inmate On inmate violence

• fight or hurt each other

Inmate On Prison Officer

• hurt or attack officer

Prison on Inmate

- use force or weapons

Prison Riots

- Start Fighting or cause chaos

Preventing prison Violence

• putting the right people in right prison

• playing sports, reading, etc

• watched Carefully

• Chance to get out early

• Staff training

Inmates Mental health.

• do not do well incarcerated

• more Common

• Jails have fewer resources for mental health

JJDPPA

• law passed to make sure Juvenile offenders are treated fairly in 1974

• 1974 version encouraged states to stop putting young people who minor offenses in institutions

• 1980 amendment made Sure Juveniles Should not be put in adult Jails or prisons

Aftercare for Juveniles

focuses on helping young people by

• Obey parents

• Abide a Curfew

• Avoid contact with certain individuals

Adult probation

- montering and Supervising that they follow the law