Evolution L.1 U.3
evolution is the process that modern organisms have descended from ancestral organisms
signifigant changes in genetic makeup of species over time due to evolution
theory is a well supported explanation of phenomena
scientific debates over specific details on how life evolved
biologists do believe that the idea of evolution is true, ex. paleontology and geography
EVOLUTIONARY IMPORTANT FIGURES :
Aristotle (384-322 BCE)
Georges-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1701-1788)
Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)
Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829)
Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
Most Europeans thought that all living things were created in their present forms and could not and had not changed
Aristotle : classified all living organisms hierarchically in his great chain of being (or great scala naturae)
Buffon : anatomy focused, studied animal structures related to functions, confused about some features that have “no purpose” (called vestigals), notes similarities between humans and apes
Linnaeus : developed taxonomy, proposed that life changed over time
Erasmus Darwin : suggested life evolved from a single original source, proposed that life changed over time
Lamarck : student of Buffon, first person to make a mechanism, inheritance of acquired characteristics and use and disuse, his mechanism was proven wrong throughout history
Use and disuse : structures used by people became stronger, and structures that werent use became smaller and weaker
Inheritance of acquired characteristics : individuals could pass down characteristics they had during their lives, epigenetics explores that environmental impacts can be passed down to their offspring
Cuvier - paleontology : the study of fossils
Cuvier discovered that Fossils of simple organisms are found in all depths of fossil deposits, fossils of complex organisms are found in shallower depths, rock layers contain fossils of species aswell
Lyell - geology : study of earths structure
Lyell believed in uniformitarianism which means, geological change is slow and gradual, and that changes are constant,
scientists thought the world was only a few thousand years old, fossils proved that wrong
Charles Darwin : linked ideas from biology, paleontology and geology to come up with a mechanism of Natural selection, Went on a trip for 5 years and collected thousands of samples and maintained detailed journals and observed 3 patterns of diversity
species vary globally, but different species look/behave similarly if they have a similar environment (ex. African ostrich and Australian emus)
species vary locally, similar organisms that occupy different habitats look different (ex. Galapagos turtles and Darwins finches)
species varied over time (ex. glyptodont is extinct, yet armadillos look similar)
artifical selections of pigeons (traits can be passed on and variations occured within species)
Uniformitarianism supports the theory of slow geological change (connected the idea of gradual change to living organisms)
Malthus (mathmatician) believed in competition ecologically, which connects the idea of all species
Alfred Wallace developed the mechanism of natural selection independently, studies patterns in South America and Asia, shared notes with Darwin and found same ideas
evolution is the process that modern organisms have descended from ancestral organisms
signifigant changes in genetic makeup of species over time due to evolution
theory is a well supported explanation of phenomena
scientific debates over specific details on how life evolved
biologists do believe that the idea of evolution is true, ex. paleontology and geography
EVOLUTIONARY IMPORTANT FIGURES :
Aristotle (384-322 BCE)
Georges-Louis Leclerc de Buffon (1701-1788)
Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)
Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829)
Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
Most Europeans thought that all living things were created in their present forms and could not and had not changed
Aristotle : classified all living organisms hierarchically in his great chain of being (or great scala naturae)
Buffon : anatomy focused, studied animal structures related to functions, confused about some features that have “no purpose” (called vestigals), notes similarities between humans and apes
Linnaeus : developed taxonomy, proposed that life changed over time
Erasmus Darwin : suggested life evolved from a single original source, proposed that life changed over time
Lamarck : student of Buffon, first person to make a mechanism, inheritance of acquired characteristics and use and disuse, his mechanism was proven wrong throughout history
Use and disuse : structures used by people became stronger, and structures that werent use became smaller and weaker
Inheritance of acquired characteristics : individuals could pass down characteristics they had during their lives, epigenetics explores that environmental impacts can be passed down to their offspring
Cuvier - paleontology : the study of fossils
Cuvier discovered that Fossils of simple organisms are found in all depths of fossil deposits, fossils of complex organisms are found in shallower depths, rock layers contain fossils of species aswell
Lyell - geology : study of earths structure
Lyell believed in uniformitarianism which means, geological change is slow and gradual, and that changes are constant,
scientists thought the world was only a few thousand years old, fossils proved that wrong
Charles Darwin : linked ideas from biology, paleontology and geology to come up with a mechanism of Natural selection, Went on a trip for 5 years and collected thousands of samples and maintained detailed journals and observed 3 patterns of diversity
species vary globally, but different species look/behave similarly if they have a similar environment (ex. African ostrich and Australian emus)
species vary locally, similar organisms that occupy different habitats look different (ex. Galapagos turtles and Darwins finches)
species varied over time (ex. glyptodont is extinct, yet armadillos look similar)
artifical selections of pigeons (traits can be passed on and variations occured within species)
Uniformitarianism supports the theory of slow geological change (connected the idea of gradual change to living organisms)
Malthus (mathmatician) believed in competition ecologically, which connects the idea of all species
Alfred Wallace developed the mechanism of natural selection independently, studies patterns in South America and Asia, shared notes with Darwin and found same ideas