The Early Republic Flashcards

National Cultural Visions

  • Jeffersonian Ideal
    • Yeomen Farmers: Emphasized the importance of independent farmers.
    • Independence: Valued self-sufficiency and freedom from external control.
    • Manifest Destiny: Believed in the expansion of the United States across the continent.
    • Isolation: Advocated for minimal involvement in international affairs.
  • Hamiltonian Ideal
    • Commercial and Urban: Promoted the growth of commerce and cities.
    • International: Favored engagement in international trade and diplomacy.
    • Manifest Destiny: Shared the belief in American expansion.

National Political Visions

  • Federalist
    • Favored Constitution: Supported the adoption of the U.S. Constitution.
    • Winner in 1796, Adams: John Adams, a Federalist, won the presidential election.
    • Centralized Authority and Judicial Review: Advocated for a strong central government and the power of judicial review.
    • Alien and Sedition Laws: Passed laws that restricted immigration and limited criticism of the government.
  • Anti-Federalist
    • Libertarian and States Rights: Emphasized individual liberties and the rights of states.
    • Winner in 1800, Jefferson: Thomas Jefferson, an Anti-Federalist, won the presidential election.
    • Aggressive Foreign Policy
      • Louisiana Purchase: Jefferson doubled the size of the United States by purchasing the Louisiana Territory from France.
      • Naval and 1812 Wars: The U.S. engaged in naval conflicts and the War of 1812 to protect its interests.

National Visions

  • Enlightenment
    • Nationalistic to promote individual freedom: Believed in using national identity to advance individual liberties.
    • Rank by Merit of individual quality: Advocated for a society where individuals are judged based on their abilities and achievements.
  • Transcendentalism
    • Emerson and Thoreau: Key figures in the Transcendentalist movement.
    • David Walker: Argued that all people are equal, which formed the basis for the liberal movement.
  • Romantic
    • Nationalistic to promote communal glory: Believed in using national identity to celebrate shared achievements and history.
    • Glorifies the Past: Idealized historical periods and traditions.
    • Hawthorne: A writer associated with the Romantic movement.
    • Thomas Cole: An artist known for his Romantic landscapes.
    • Elitist and Traditional: Favored traditional values and the leadership of elites.
    • Each Person Different: Emphasized the uniqueness of each individual.
    • Forms Basis for Conservative Movement

Gender Visions

  • Republican Mothers
    • Transmitter of Republican Virtue: Women were seen as responsible for instilling republican values in their children.
    • Public Space and Private Identity: Women's influence was primarily in the domestic sphere.
    • Subject Status: Subordination: Women were legally and socially subordinate to men.
    • Citizen Status?: Questioned whether women should have the same rights as citizens.
    • Marriage as key to Republic
      • John Witherspoon: Argued that “The single life narrows the mind and closes the heart.”
  • Liberty’s Daughters
    • Individuated Self for life of Public action: Women who sought to develop their individual identities and participate in public life.
    • Developed by Enlightenment: Influenced by Enlightenment ideas about individual rights.
    • Mary Wollstonecraft: An Enlightenment writer who advocated for women's rights.
    • Mercy Otis Warren: A playwright who wrote about political issues.
    • Phyllis Wheatley: A poet who addressed themes of freedom and equality.
    • Core of Suffrage and Temperance Movements: These women were central to movements advocating for voting rights and moderation in alcohol consumption.