Types of Speeches

Rule of Threes

1. Three favorite food
2. Three favorite drinks
3. Three things that make you happy

\n Communication Principles

It’s More Fun in the Philippines

• Content & substance
• Audience approach
• Connection to audience
• Stage presence
• Vocalics

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Types of Speech according to PURPOSE

1. Informative Speech

• Provide the audience with a clear understanding of an idea or concept
  • Ex. Lectures

1. Entertainment

• A speech that aims to amuse the audience
  • Ex. comedic performances

1. Persuasive

• Seeks to provide the audience with favorable or acceptable ideas that can influence their own ideas and decisions

  • Ex. campaign speeches

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Types of Speech according to DELIVERY

1. Extemporaneous Speaking

• Is the presentation of a carefully planned and rehearsed speech, spoken in a conversational manner using brief notes
• By using notes rather than a full manuscript, the extemporaneous speaker can establish and maintain eye contact with the audience and assess how well they are understanding the speech as it progresses. 
• It promotes the likelihood that you, the speaker, will be perceived as knowledgeable and credible
• In addition, your audience is likely to pay better attention to the message because it is engaging both verbally and nonverbally. 
• The disadvantage of extemporaneous speaking is that it requires a great deal of preparation for both the verbal and the nonverbal components of the speech.
• Adequate preparation cannot be achieved the day before you are scheduled to speak

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2. Impromptu Speaking

• Is the presentation of a short message without advance preparation
• Impromptu speeches often occur when someone is asked to “say a few words” or give a toast on a special occasion.
• The advantage of this kind of speaking is that it is spontaneous and responsive in an animated group
• The disadvantage is that the speaker is given little or no time to contemplate the central theme of his or her message. As a result, the message may be disorganized and difficult for the listener to follow

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3. Speaking from a Manuscript

• Is the word-for-word iteration of a written message, not allowed to deviate or add something
• The speaker maintains his or her attention on the printed page except when using visual aids
• The advantage to reading from a manuscript is the exact repetition of original words
• In reading one word at a time, in order, the only errors would typically be a mispronunciation of a word or stumbling over complex sentence structures.
• Success in this medium depends on two factors:
  • The speaker is already an accomplished public speaker who has learned to use a conversational tone while delivering a prepared script
  • The speech is written in a style that sounds conversational

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4. Speaking from Memory

• Is the rote recitation of a written message that the speaker has committed to memory

• Memorization can be useful when the messages needs to be exact and the speaker does not want to be confined by notes

• The advantage to memorization is that it enables the speaker to maintain eye contact with the audience throughout the speech

• Being free of notes means that you can move freely around the stage and use your hands to make gestures. If your speech uses visual aids, this freedom is even more of an advantage.

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Demonstration Speech

• Is a method of informing that shows how something is done, displays the stages of a process, or depicts how something works.
• This ranges from very simple with a few easy-to-follow steps (such as how to iron a shirt) to very complex (such as explaining how a nuclear reactor works)
• Regardless of whether the topic is simple or complex, effective demonstrations require expertise, developing a hierarchy of steps, and using visual language and aids
• In a demonstration, experience with what you are demonstrating is critical
• Expertise gives you the necessary background to supplement bare-bones instructions with personal, lived experience
• In here, you organize the steps fro first to last so that your audience will be able to remember the sequence of actions accurately
• Although you could explain a process with only words, most demonstrations would need to show the audience the process of parts of the process

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Tips:

• If what you are explaining is relatively simple, you can demonstrate the entire process from start to finish
• However, if the process is lengthy or complex, you may choose to pre-prepare the material for some steps
• Although you will show all the stages in the process, you will not have to take the time for every single step as the audience watches

Remember!

• Effective demonstrations require practice
• Remember that under the pressure of speaking to an audience, even the simplest task can become difficult.
• As you practice, you will want to consider the size of your audience and the configuration of the room

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