global
Q: WHO 1948 definition of health?
A: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just absence of disease
Healthy Diet - Camila
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Q: Difference between public health and medicine?
A: Public health = population-focused, prevention, social/environmental determinants. Medicine = individual-focused, treatment.
Q: What is a DALY?
A: Disability-Adjusted Life Year = years lost due to ill-health, disability, or premature death.
Q: What is HALE?
A: Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy, adjusts life expectancy based on health quality.
Q: Kerala Case Study key lesson?
A: Education + equity improve health outcomes even with low income
Exam 1_Study Guide (2)
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Q: SDGs directly related to health/nutrition?
A: SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 3 (Good Health), SDG 6 (Clean Water), SDG 13 (Climate Action)
Global Health 203 Fall 2025, Ga…
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Lecture 2 – Wealth, Nutrition & Health (Pixley, Part 1)
Q: How does wealth influence health?
A: Wealth → better nutrition → better health → longer life expectancy; poverty worsens all.
Q: What is the Joffe Cycle?
A: Health ↔ labor productivity ↔ nutritional intake (self-reinforcing loop)
KPixley lecture_1 9Sept2025
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Q: Why is height a health indicator?
A: Reflects childhood nutrition; linked to education and income
KPixley lecture_1 9Sept2025
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Q: Indonesia health clinic fee study lesson?
A: Raising fees reduced healthcare use and productivity.
Q: Oaxaca, Mexico case study lesson?
A: Undernutrition impacts span generations
KPixley lecture_1 9Sept2025
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Q: What is population momentum?
A: Growth continues even after fertility drops to replacement level
KPixley lecture_1 9Sept2025
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Q: Demographic transition model shows what?
A: Shift from high birth/death rates → lower rates as societies develop.
Lecture 3 – Feeding 9.8 Billion (Pixley, Part 2)
Q: 5 main strategies to feed 9.8B people?
A: 1) Close yield gaps, 2) Increase yield potential, 3) Reduce waste, 4) Change diets, 5) Expand aquaculture
KPixley lecture_2 11Sept2025
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Q: What is biofortification? Example?
A: Breeding crops for more nutrients (e.g., Vitamin A maize, carotene-rich carrots).
Q: Barbara McClintock & Katalin Karikó relevance?
A: Examples of science breakthroughs advancing agriculture.
Q: Burkina Faso poultry project lesson?
A: Empowering women boosts nutrition & economic power.
Q: CIMMYT’s mission?
A: Improve maize & wheat via stress-tolerant, disease-resistant varieties
KPixley lecture_2 11Sept2025
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Q: Anna Herforth study showed what?
A: Nutritious diets unaffordable in many poor countries
KPixley lecture_2 11Sept2025
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Q: What is a food price shock?
A: Rapid food price increase → poor households forced to shift diet.
Lecture 4 – Ecosphere Health & Sustainable Agriculture
Q: What is the ecosphere?
A: Natural environment required for human health
Exam 1_Study Guide (2)
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Q: Symptoms of ecosphere decline?
A: Climate change, soil degradation, biodiversity loss, water pollution
Exam 1_Study Guide (2)
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Q: What is hypoxia/eutrophication?
A: Oxygen depletion from nutrient runoff causing dead zones.
Q: Reductionist vs. holist approaches?
A: Reductionist = isolated focus; holist = systems approach.
Q: What is agroecology?
A: Sustainable farming using ecological principles.
Q: Industrial agriculture’s impact?
A: High yields but ecosystem harm (greenhouse gases, hypoxia, soil erosion).
Lecture 5 – Horticultural Crops (Simon)
Q: What are horticultural crops?
A: Fruits, vegetables, nuts, specialty crops (small-scale, high-value)
Global Health 2025_ Simon
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Q: Why are they important?
A: Provide vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients like carotenoids, anthocyanins, lycopene
Global Health 2025_ Simon
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Q: What % of Americans meet fruit/veg goals?
A: ~10%
Global Health 2025_ Simon
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Q: Major production challenges?
A: Cold chain, storage, transport, seed propagation issues.
Q: Example crop improvement?
A: Carrot breeding for higher provitamin A and climate tolerance.
Q: Why are contributions poorly documented globally?
A: Many horticultural crops not tracked, esp. in developing regions.
Lecture 6 – Animal Source Foods (Gannon & Phiri)
Q: Nutritional benefits of ASF?
A: Complete protein, iron (heme), B12, calcium, zinc, omega-3s
Global Health 203 Fall 2025, Ga…
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Q: What is bioavailability?
A: Proportion of nutrient absorbed (ASF iron > plant iron)
Global Health 203 Fall 2025, Ga…
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Q: Risks of excessive ASF?
A: Chronic diseases (CVD, obesity, some cancers).
Q: Malawi: % of children stunted?
A: ~37%
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Q: Why is fish critical in Malawi?
A: Provides 40–60% of protein intake, supports economy
2025 FALL NUTRI SCI 203 - FISH …
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Q: Global ASF trend?
A: Poultry consumption increasing fastest
Global Health 203 Fall 2025, Ga…
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Q: What is the FoodTank Double Pyramid?
A: Framework showing diets that are healthy for people and planet.
Lecture 7 – Healthy Diet (Souza)
Q: WHO 1948 health definition?
A: Complete well-being, not just absence of disease
Healthy Diet - Camila
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Q: What is a healthy diet per WHO?
A: ≥400 g/day fruits & vegetables, plus legumes, nuts, whole grains
Healthy Diet - Camila
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Q: What is a nutrient-dense diet?
A: Provides essential nutrients, variety, calorie balance, limits sugar/fats/salt
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Q: Why is individualization important in diets?
A: Must reflect culture, preferences, and budget
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Q: History of U.S. Dietary Guidelines?
A: Food groups → Basic 7 → Food Pyramid → MyPyramid → MyPlate
Healthy Diet - Camila
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Q: Why does government issue dietary guidelines?
A: Basis for SNAP, WIC, school lunches, federal nutrition programs
Healthy Diet - Camila
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Q: What are food security challenges?
A: Food deserts, affordability, misleading marketing.
Q: What is diet culture/fad diet problem?
A: Promotes restriction, unrealistic thinness, “good vs. bad foods.”
Q: Practical healthy eating strategies?
A: Cook at home, portion control, eat whole foods, limit sugar/sal