Its not that you have the gene but when and how is that gene expressed
Nucleic
Nucleic acids
A complex biomolecule that store cellular information in the form of a code
Nucleic acids are polymers of smaller submits called nucleotides
Phosphate sugar backbone holds the bases where they need to be
DNA = deoxyribonucleic Acid
Double helix structure
RNA = ribonucleic Acid
Single backbone structure
Base pairing
Hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous bases
In 1953 james watson and francis crick shook the world
They invented dna structure and shape
Grifith found that when he mixed heat-killed remains of the pathogenic strain
With living cells of the nonpathogenic strain, some of these living cells become pathogenic
He called this the transformation
Now defined as a change in genotype ad phenotype due to assimilation of external DNA by a cell
Avery, mcleod and mccarty 30s 40s
Performed subsequent experiments in which they extracted and analyzed the “transforming principle”
Viruses that infect bacteria are widely used as research tools by scientists in genetics
Hershey and chase
Chargaff analyzed the base composition of DNA
Found every organism he could find and looked at the dna and weighed it
There was always a 1:1 ratio between adenine and thymine and same for guanine and cytosine
Atlantic salmon aquabounty aquadvantage fish
Take genes from pacific salmon and ocean pout (eel) and put those into atlantic salmon
DNA replication
location
Dna is in the nucleus
Phases of the cell cycle
The cell cycle consists of
The mitotic phase
Interphase
Dna replication
The parent molecule unwinds, and two new daughter strands are built bases on base-pairing rules
Helicase
Opens DNA helix enabling replication. It splits the double helix into two single helix molecules on each side of the DNA
Its not that you have the gene but when and how is that gene expressed
Nucleic
Nucleic acids
A complex biomolecule that store cellular information in the form of a code
Nucleic acids are polymers of smaller submits called nucleotides
Phosphate sugar backbone holds the bases where they need to be
DNA = deoxyribonucleic Acid
Double helix structure
RNA = ribonucleic Acid
Single backbone structure
Base pairing
Hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous bases
In 1953 james watson and francis crick shook the world
They invented dna structure and shape
Grifith found that when he mixed heat-killed remains of the pathogenic strain
With living cells of the nonpathogenic strain, some of these living cells become pathogenic
He called this the transformation
Now defined as a change in genotype ad phenotype due to assimilation of external DNA by a cell
Avery, mcleod and mccarty 30s 40s
Performed subsequent experiments in which they extracted and analyzed the “transforming principle”
Viruses that infect bacteria are widely used as research tools by scientists in genetics
Hershey and chase
Chargaff analyzed the base composition of DNA
Found every organism he could find and looked at the dna and weighed it
There was always a 1:1 ratio between adenine and thymine and same for guanine and cytosine
Atlantic salmon aquabounty aquadvantage fish
Take genes from pacific salmon and ocean pout (eel) and put those into atlantic salmon
DNA replication
location
Dna is in the nucleus
Phases of the cell cycle
The cell cycle consists of
The mitotic phase
Interphase
Dna replication
The parent molecule unwinds, and two new daughter strands are built bases on base-pairing rules
Helicase
Opens DNA helix enabling replication. It splits the double helix into two single helix molecules on each side of the DNA
