JH

CIS100B Wk 2.1

IT Concepts and Terminology

Encompass several key areas, including bandwidth, latency, and data transfer rates, which are essential for understanding network performance and optimization.

  • Bandwidth: The maximum rate of data transfer across a network path, typically measured in bits per second (bps) - bps will always be lowercase

    • Latency: The delay before a transfer of data begins following an instruction for its transfer, often measured in milliseconds (ms).

    • Data Transfer Rate: The speed at which data is transmitted from one point to another, typically expressed in bytes per second (Bps) or kilobytes per second (KBps).

    • Network Performance: A combination of both bandwidth and latency that impacts the overall efficiency and speed of data communication.

  • Bits per second (bps): The basic unit of measure for digital data transfer rates.

  • Kilobits per second (Kbps): Represents 1,000 bits per second, often used for measuring internet speeds.

  • Megabits per second (Mbps): Equivalent to 1,000 Kbps, commonly used to describe broadband internet speeds.

  • Gigabits per second (Gbps): Equals 1,000 Mbps, this rate is typical in high-speed networks.

  • Terabits per second (Tbps): Used for high-capacity networks and systems, such as data centers.

    O_O it just keeps going…

  • Petabits per second (Pbps): Represents 1,000 Tbps, often employed in research and enterprise environments for extremely high data transfer needs.

  • Exabits per second (Ebps): Equivalent to 1,000 Pbps, this measurement is anticipated for future networks that require unprecedented data handling capabilities.

  • Zettabits per second (Zbps): Represents 1,000 Ebps, and is projected for use in next-generation networks as the demand for data processing continues to escalate.

  • Yottabits per second (Ybps): Represents 1,000 Zbps, and is theorized to support the ultra-fast communication needs of the very distant future.

Storage Types

Understanding different storage types is essential for effective infrastructure management:

  • Solid State Drives (SSDs): Utilize flash memory to provide faster data access speeds and are more durable than traditional hard drives.

  • Hard Disk Drives (HDDs): Use spinning disks to read/write data, generally offering larger storage capacities at lower costs.

  • Hybrid Drives: Combine SSD and HDD technology to balance speed and storage capacity.
    Understanding different storage types is essential for effective infrastructure management:

  • Local Network Storage: Refers to storage solutions located within the user’s local area network (LAN), typically for small to medium-sized applications.

  • Network-attached Storage (NAS): Specialized storage devices connected to a network, allowing multiple users access to shared data over the network.

  • Peripheral Devices

    • Installation and configuration of common peripherals for optimal performance including:

    • Printers: Essential for producing hard copies of documents and images.

    • Scanners: Used for digitizing physical documents into a digital format.

    • Keyboards: Primary input device used for text entry and commands.

    • Mice: Most common pointing device for navigating interfaces.

    • Web Cameras: Used for video conferencing and online communication.

Input/Output Device Interfaces
Types and interfaces used in networking, including:

  • Ethernet (RJ45): The standard connector and cabling format for wired networks.

  • Fiber Connectors: Used for high-speed data transmission over long distances utilizing fiber optic cables.

  • USB: Universal interface for connecting peripheral devices for power and data transfer.

  • Thunderbolt: A high-speed interface used for connecting high-performance peripherals.

  • HDMI: A standard for transmitting high-definition video and audio to displays.

Understanding Computing Devices
Types of Computing Devices
Define various devices and their uses:

  • Smartphones: Devices primarily used for communication, apps, and multimedia content.

  • Tablets: Portable computing devices ideal for e-education and casual browsing.

  • Workstations: High-performance computing systems designed for graphic-intensive tasks.

  • Servers: Dedicated machines that manage, store, and provide access to resources and services across networks.

Laptop Architecture
Key Components
Understanding the critical components of laptops:

  • Motherboard: The primary circuit board that connects all components. Usually proprietary designs for specific models.

  • CPU: Often integrated into the motherboard; it acts as the brain of the laptop.

  • RAM: Standard SODIMMs used for quick data access by the CPU.

  • Storage: Primarily Solid-State Drives (SSDs) for faster data access and lower power consumption.

Mobile Device Management
Mobile Device Identification
Identification of mobile devices using:

  • International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI): A unique identifier for mobile devices.

  • Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) Chip: Stores the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) which identifies subscribers on mobile networks.
    Wireless Connection Setup
    Learn how to set up connections for different wireless technologies:

  • Cellular Networks: Connecting the device to cellular service for voice and data.

  • Wi-Fi: Configuring wireless local networks for internet access.

  • Bluetooth: Setting up connections between devices for short-range communication.
    Definition
    A network of interconnected devices with sensors and software that collect and share data. IoT technology enhances automation and data collection across various sectors.

The Internet of Things (IoT)

Consumer Applications
Exploring consumer-driven applications of IoT:

  • Home entertainment systems that adapt based on user preferences.

  • Smart appliances that optimize energy usage and automate tasks.

  • Health trackers that monitor vital signs and provide insights.

Commercial Applications
Applications in commercial settings include:

  • Medical devices that facilitate remote monitoring of patients.

  • Manufacturing systems that optimize production processes through real-time data.

  • Transportation logistics that use IoT for fleet management and route optimization.

  • Infrastructure management that monitors systems for maintenance needs.

Challenges
Understanding the challenges associated with IoT:

  • Issues related to data security, requiring comprehensive protective measures.

  • Privacy concerns regarding the data collected by interconnected devices.

  • Regulatory standards that govern data sharing and usage across devices.

Final Notes
Preparation Tips
To enhance your preparation effectiveness, consider the following tips:

  • Join workshops to gain insights, strategies, and additional support from instructors and peers.

  • Utilize resources effectively such as online tutorials, study guides, and practice exams for comprehensive understanding of all exam topics.