Recording-2025-02-21T20:17:07.993Z

Importance of Networking Devices

• Example of devices:

  • Raspberry Pi can connect with an iPhone.

  • These devices can share files, photos, and email.

Historical Background

• Difficulty in communication between devices made by different companies.

• The need for networking models:

  • TCP/IP Model

  • OSI Model

• Concept began in the 1960s when computers could not share information.

• 1969: Creation of ARPANET by the US Department of Defense (DOD).

Prototypes and Changes in Networking

• Initial proprietary networks (e.g., IBM) did not allow communication with other companies' devices.

• The evolution of networking led to the need for open standards to improve communication.

Networking Models

• TCP/IP Model: Widely adopted, consists of layers defining communication standards.

• OSI Model: Seven-layer model that is still referenced:

  • Physical Layer: Involves hardware (e.g., Ethernet cables).

  • Data Link Layer: Uses MAC addresses.

  • Network Layer: Handles IP addresses.

  • Transport Layer: Includes TCP and UDP protocols.

  • Application Layer: The layer where software applications communicate.

Comparison of TCP/IP and OSI Models

• Both models help in understanding how devices communicate.

• OSI has two additional layers (Session and Presentation layers).

• TCP/IP is more practical for modern networking, while OSI is often used for reference.

Practical Applications

• Understanding layers helps diagnose network issues.

• Knowing both models is essential for networking certifications (e.g., CCNA).

• Mnemonic devices can help remember the layers of the OSI model.

  • Example: "All People Seem To Need Data Processing."

Quiz Question Example

• Quiz questions can relate to networking devices or layers in TCP/IP and OSI models.