french revolution and napolean

• The French Revolution began in 1789, largely fueled by ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity.

• Napoleon Bonaparte rose to prominence during the revolution and later became Emperor of the French, significantly reshaping European politics.

His military tactics and legal reforms, most notably the Napoleonic Code, had a lasting impact that extended far beyond France, influencing nations and legal systems across the world.

Term

What is a coup d'état?

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A peaceful negotiation between political leaders.

The forceful overthrow of a government.

A public vote to change the government.

A ceremonial transition of power.

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Term

Why do you think the old European monarchies opposed the ideals of the French Revolution?

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They aimed to promote democratic ideals across Europe.

They wanted to restore and keep their power.

They were indifferent to the changes happening in France.

They sought to improve the lives of their subjects.

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Term

What was Napoleon's proudest achievement? What are its main points?

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The French monarchy came to an end in August 1792. A mob entered the palace of King Louis XVI and his wife and they were taken to jail. In 1793, they were beheaded.

Napoleon's return to power did not last because upon hearing of Napoleon's return, his enemies declared him an outlaw and immediately sent troops to defeat him, which they did at the Battle of Waterloo.

Two weeks after abdicating, Napoleon was exiled to Elba and the French monarchy was restored.

The Napoleonic Code. It is a law system. The basis for many current European legal systems.
It made every French citizen equal before the law but made things worse for women and children in France.

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Term

What is the name of Napoleon's second wife?

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Queen Jezebel

Marie Antoinette

Marie-Louise

Catherine The Great

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Term

Where was Napoleon born? Why is it interesting?

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City of Paris. Because it was the center of the French Revolution.

Island of Corsica. Because it was part of Italy.

Island of Sardinia. Because it was known for its naval power.

City of Rome. Because it was the capital of the ancient empire.

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Term

What two islands did Napoleon get exiled to?

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Crete and the Isle of Man

Corsica and Sardinia

Elba and St. Helena

Bellisle and Corsica

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Term

When and how did the French monarchy come to an end?

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The French monarchy came to an end in August 1792. A mob entered the palace of King Louis XVI and his wife and they were taken to jail. In 1793, they were beheaded.

The Napoleonic Code. It is a law system. The basis for many current European legal systems.
It made every French citizen equal before the law but made things worse for women and children in France.

Russians retreated, burned supplies and land, and waited for winter to finish off the French.

The Reign of Terror. During this period, a quarter of a million people were slaughtered.

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Term

What happened to Napoleon and the French government after he abdicated?

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Two weeks after abdicating, Napoleon was exiled to Elba and the French monarchy was restored.

Napoleon was executed and a republic was established.

Napoleon fled to Britain and continued to rule France from there.

Napoleon was imprisoned in France and the monarchy remained in power.

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Term

What is the difference between conservatism and liberalism?

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Concordat:
It states that Catholicism is the main religion but there is still religious tolerance.

The French monarchy came to an end in August 1792. A mob entered the palace of King Louis XVI and his wife and they were taken to jail. In 1793, they were beheaded.

Russians retreated, burned supplies and land, and waited for winter to finish off the French.

Conservatism is a movement to preserve the old social order and governments, and liberalism is a movement for individual rights and new liberties with new government.

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Term

After the fall of Napoleon, what was the name of the meeting place where the alliance of the government divided the empire?

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The Congress of Vienna.

The Continental System.

The Declaration of Independence.

The Reign of Terror.

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Term

What tactics did the Russians use to defeat Napoleon's Army?

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Russians launched a surprise attack and defeated Napoleon in a single battle.

Russians fortified their cities and waited for Napoleon to attack.

Russians retreated, burned supplies and land, and waited for winter to finish off the French.

Russians allied with Napoleon to fight against other European powers.

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Term

What was Napoleon's most glorified battle? Who was involved in it?

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The Battle of Three Empires:
French Empire
Russian Empire
Austrian Empire

Napoleon was defeated by Wellington and was sent into permanent exile.

French revolutionaries wanted a better quality of life, equality, and freedom.

In Russia, Napoleon's army was defeated by surprise Russian tactics, the harsh winter, and a lack of supplies. They were forced to return to France.

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Term

What followed the fall of the French monarchy?

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A peaceful transition to a constitutional monarchy.

A period of economic prosperity and stability in France.

The establishment of a democratic government without violence.

The Reign of Terror. During this period, a quarter of a million people were slaughtered.

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Term

Why didn't Napoleon's return to power last? What happened at Waterloo?

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The Napoleonic Code. It is a law system. The basis for many current European legal systems.
It made every French citizen equal before the law but made things worse for women and children in France.

Two weeks after abdicating, Napoleon was exiled to Elba and the French monarchy was restored.

Napoleon's return to power did not last because upon hearing of Napoleon's return, his enemies declared him an outlaw and immediately sent troops to defeat him, which they did at the Battle of Waterloo.

The French monarchy came to an end in August 1792. A mob entered the palace of King Louis XVI and his wife and they were taken to jail. In 1793, they were beheaded.

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Term

How did Napoleon become the dictator and then emperor of France?

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They wanted to restore and keep their power.

Smart Russian tactics and harsh winter weather weakened Napoleon's army and Great Britain, Prussia, Russia and Austria joined their forces to defeat the French.

The Battle of Three Empires:
French Empire
Russian Empire
Austrian Empire

Napoleon's allies, backed by his troops, staged a coup and seized control of the French government. Napoleon's dictatorship thus began in February 1800. In 1802, he was appointed head of state for life and in 1804 Napoleon crowned himself emperor.

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Term

What empire did Napoleon defeat in 1797 that made him well respected among the French people?

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By April 1797, Napoleon had driven the Austrians back and secured an armistice that gave France control of thousands of miles of new territory.

Napoleon lost to the Prussians and was forced to retreat.

Napoleon was defeated and captured by the Russians.

Napoleon signed a treaty that ceded French territory to Britain.

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Term

What happened at the battle of Waterloo ?

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Napoleon won a decisive victory and expanded his empire.

Napoleon negotiated a truce And returned to France as a hero.

Napoleon was defeated by Wellington and was sent into permanent exile.

Napoleon was captured and executed by his enemies.

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Term

What did the French revolutionaries want?

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French revolutionaries wanted to maintain the status quo of the aristocracy.

French revolutionaries wanted to establish a monarchy.

French revolutionaries wanted to expand their territory through war.

French revolutionaries wanted a better quality of life, equality, and freedom.

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Term

Which four countries had the most influence at the Congress of Vienna?

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Austria, Prussia, Russia and Britan.
Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria led the meetings.

The Reign of Terror. During this period, a quarter of a million people were slaughtered.

Russians retreated, burned supplies and land, and waited for winter to finish off the French.

Two weeks after abdicating, Napoleon was exiled to Elba and the French monarchy was restored.

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Term

How did the Napoleonic Code reflect the ideals of the French Revolution?

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The code favored the aristocracy and maintained social hierarchies.

The code established strict regulations on personal freedoms.

Eg.: All men were equal before the law. All received the same civil rights, including trial by jury. All could practice religions freely.

The code abolished all forms of legal rights for citizens.

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