parts of a cell - flashcards

Organelles: Tiny cell structures that carry out special functions within the cell

Cell Wall: A rigid outer layer found in plant cells, providing structure and protection.

Cell Membrane:A semi-permeable barrier that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out. Security system

Nucleus: The control center of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA) that regulates cell activities.

Nuclear Membrane: Surrounds the nucleus and protects it, materials pass through pore

Chromatin: Strands that contain genetic material, instructions that direct cell functions- RNA DNA

Nucleolus: Inside the nucleus and where ribosome’s are made

Cytoplasm:The jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds organelles in place, facilitating the movement of materials within the cell.

Mitochondria: Known as the powerhouse of the cell, they produce energy through cellular respiration, converting glucose and oxygen into ATP.

Endoplasmic Reticulum: Carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another. Its a highway/ transport system

Ribosomes: Small grain-like structures that are attached to the ER and floating in the cytoplasm. Produces proteins by joining the amino acids together

Golgi body: Recieves proteins, and packages and sends proteins, materials to other parts of the cells. Post office/ UPS

Chloroplasts: Captures sunlight energy and uses it to produce food through the process of photosynthesis, converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Vacuoles: Large round water filler sacs, storage area for food and other materials in the cell needs, and wastes + water.

Lysosomes: Small round structures, breaks down food and old cell parts into usable substances