Hardware
Chapter 1: Hardware
Information Systems
Information System (IS): Organized system for collecting, organizing, storing, and communicating information.
Database (DB): Large amount of related data subject to static or dynamic restrictions.
System Units
Mainframe: Computers for large organizations used in critical applications and transaction processing.
Micro Computer: Small computer with a microprocessor as the CPU; includes memory and I/O on a single PCB.
Laptops, Notebooks, Tablets: Different portable computer sizes, with tablets and iPads without keyboards.
E-Reader: Device to read EBooks, newspapers, and documents.
Hardware Design
CPU Components:
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs arithmetic (+ - * /) and logical (=, <, >) operations.
CCU (Control Unit): Manages instructions and moves data.
Memory Types:
ROM: Permanent storage essential for operating the system.
RAM: Temporary storage for frequently used data to enhance system speed.
Cache Memory: Intermediate memory between CPU and RAM to speed up data access.
CPU Operation
Registers: Temporary storage for operations in the CPU; typically 100 registers.
Speed: Measured in Hz (modern CPUs around 4GHz).
Performance Influencers:
Number of cores, CPU family, clock speed, cache memory, and RAM size.
Extension and Expansion
Extension Slots: Allow for adding additional hardware components (e.g., video cards).
Connectors: Specific connectors for different devices (VGA, UTP, Coaxial, etc.).
Peripherals
Input Devices:
Keyboard, mouse, microphone, scanner, camera, joystick, CD ROM.
Output Devices:
Screen, printer, speaker.
Storage Devices:
Hard drive, USB flash drive, CD writer for data read/write activities.
Communication Devices:
PAN (Bluetooth), LAN (Network cards), MAN (MODEM) for various distances.
Hardware
Chapter 1: Hardware
Information Systems
Information System (IS): Organized system for collecting, organizing, storing, and communicating information.
Database (DB): Large amount of related data subject to static or dynamic restrictions.
System Units
Mainframe: Computers for large organizations used in critical applications and transaction processing.
Micro Computer: Small computer with a microprocessor as the CPU; includes memory and I/O on a single PCB.
Laptops, Notebooks, Tablets: Different portable computer sizes, with tablets and iPads without keyboards.
E-Reader: Device to read EBooks, newspapers, and documents.
Hardware Design
CPU Components:
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs arithmetic (+ - * /) and logical (=, <, >) operations.
CCU (Control Unit): Manages instructions and moves data.
Memory Types:
ROM: Permanent storage essential for operating the system.
RAM: Temporary storage for frequently used data to enhance system speed.
Cache Memory: Intermediate memory between CPU and RAM to speed up data access.
CPU Operation
Registers: Temporary storage for operations in the CPU; typically 100 registers.
Speed: Measured in Hz (modern CPUs around 4GHz).
Performance Influencers:
Number of cores, CPU family, clock speed, cache memory, and RAM size.
Extension and Expansion
Extension Slots: Allow for adding additional hardware components (e.g., video cards).
Connectors: Specific connectors for different devices (VGA, UTP, Coaxial, etc.).
Peripherals
Input Devices:
Keyboard, mouse, microphone, scanner, camera, joystick, CD ROM.
Output Devices:
Screen, printer, speaker.
Storage Devices:
Hard drive, USB flash drive, CD writer for data read/write activities.
Communication Devices:
PAN (Bluetooth), LAN (Network cards), MAN (MODEM) for various distances.
