Medical Terminology Chapter 7 - Analyze and Define
Chapter 7: Exercise 1 - Analyze and Define
The answers for Exercise 1 from Chapter 7 are structured in a defined format which aids in interpretation.
Each entry consists of the following elements:
Analysis division: Breakdown of the word components.
Meaning of each affix: Explanation of the affixes in the word (prefixes, roots, suffixes).
Part of Speech: Classification of the word (noun, adjective, etc.).
Meaning of the word in question: Definition of the complete word.
List of Words and Definitions
adenoidectomy
Analysis: Aden-oid-ec-tom-y
Affixes: aden (gland), oid (resembling), ec (out), tom (cut/slice), y (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The cutting out of the adenoids (tonsils—lymphoid tissues resembling a gland).
adenotome
Analysis: Aden-o-tome
Affixes: aden (gland), tome (cut/slice).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Device for excising a gland, particularly the adenoid glands.
aerobe
Analysis: aer-o-b-e
Affixes: aer (air/gas), bio (life), e (noun forming suffix).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A microbe that can survive and reproduce in the presence of oxygen.
aerometer
Analysis: Aer-o-meter
Affixes: aer (air), meter (measure).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A device used for measuring gas density.
alloplasty
Analysis: All-o-plas-ia
Affixes: all (other/different from), plas (form/develop), ia (state).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning:
1) Plastic surgery using inert materials or those from a tissue bank.
2) In psychiatry, adaptation through modifying the external environment rather than personal change.
aplasia
Analysis: a-plas-ia
Affixes: a (without/deficient), plas (form), ia (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Failure of an organ or tissue to develop normally.
arthroclasia
Analysis: arthr-o-clas-ia
Affixes: arthr (joint), clas (break up/destroy), ia (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The intentional breaking of adhesions of an ankylosed joint to restore movement.
arthrodesis
Analysis: Arthr(o)-desis
Affixes: arthr (joint), desis (bind).
Part of Speech: Adjective
Meaning: The fusion of two bones.
ataxiaphasia
Analysis: A-taxi-a-pha-sia
Affixes: a (lacking/without), taxi (coordination), pha (speak), sia (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Inability to arrange words into coherent sentences (also spelled ataxaphasia).
blennorrhea
Analysis: Blenn(o)-rrhe-a
Affixes: blenn (mucus), rrhe (flow), a (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A mucous discharge, especially from the urethra or vagina, frequently seen in gonorrhea.
celiomyositis
Analysis: Celi-o-myosit-is
Affixes: celi (abdomen), myos (muscle), itis (inflammation).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Inflammation of the abdominal muscles.
cheiloschisis
Analysis: che(il)-o-schisis
Affixes: cheil (lip), schisis (cleft).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A vertical cleft or clefts in the upper lip.
cholestasia
Analysis: chole-sta-s-ia
Affixes: chole (bile/gall), sta (stand/stop), ia (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Arrest of bile flow.
chronological
Analysis: Chron-o-logic-al
Affixes: chron (time/timing), log (study), ic (pertaining to).
Part of Speech: Adjective
Meaning: Occurring in natural sequence according to time.
chronophobia
Analysis: Chrono-phob-ia
Affixes: chron (time), phob (fear), ia (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Fear of time or its perceived duration, often seen in prisoners.
cystopexy
Analysis: cyst-o-pex-y
Affixes: cyst (bladder), pex (fixing), y (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall.
desmoplasia
Analysis: dia-phor-esis
Affixes: dia (across/through/apart), phor (bearing), esis (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Profuse sweating, especially induced sweating.
dynamometry
Analysis: Dynam-o-metr-y
Affixes: dynam (power), metr (measure), y (state).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The process of obtaining measurable data regarding muscular strength, power, or endurance.
enteropexy
Analysis: enter-o-pex-y
Affixes: enter (intestine), pex (fixing), y (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Fixation of the intestine to the abdominal wall or to another part of the intestine.
epileptic
Analysis: Epi-lept-ic
Affixes: epi (upon/over), lept (take/seize), ic (agent/pertaining to).
Part of Speech: Adjective/Noun
Meaning: 1) Related to epilepsy; 2) An individual suffering from epilepsy and seizures.
erythromelalgia
Analysis: erythr-o-mel-alg-ia
Affixes: erythr (red blood cell), mel (limb), alg (pain), ia (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Burning, throbbing, and redness of the extremities caused by local dilation of blood vessels.
erythropenia
Analysis: erythr-o-pen-ia
Affixes: erythr (red blood cell), pen (decrease/deficiency), ia (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A deficiency in the number of red blood cells in the body.
exomphalos
Analysis: exo-omphal-os
Affixes: exo (outside), omphal (umbilicus), os (masculine or neuter declension in Latin).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: An umbilical protrusion or umbilical hernia.
geriatrician
Analysis: Ger-iatri-cian
Affixes: geri (old age), atri (healer/medicine), cian (expert in field).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A physician specializing in the care of older individuals.
hemiataxia
Analysis: hemi-a-tax-ia
Affixes: hemi (one side of the body), a (without/deficient), tax (muscular coordination), ia (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Impaired muscular coordination causing awkward movements of one side of the body.
hemodynamics
Analysis: hem-o-dynam-ics
Affixes: hem (blood), dynam (force), ics (science/study of).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The study of the forces involved in circulating blood throughout the body.
hepatorraphy
Analysis: Hepato-rraphy-y
Affixes: hepato (liver), rraphy (suture), y (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A surgical procedure to repair a laceration or tear in the liver.
hypoplasia
Analysis: Hypo-plas-sia
Affixes: hypo (under/deficient), plas (form/develop), sia (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or body.
ischemia
Analysis: Isch-em-ia
Affixes: isch (suppress/check), em (blood), ia (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Inadequate blood supply to an organ or tissue.
kleptomania
Analysis: klept-o-man-ia
Affixes: klept (steal), o (be mad), mania (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A compulsion to steal, often expressed through the repeated theft of meaningless or worthless objects.
leiomyosarcoma
Analysis: Lei-o-my-o-sarc-oma
Affixes: lei (smooth), myo (muscle), sarco (flesh/soft tissue), oma (cancer/tumor/disease).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A combination of leiomyoma and sarcoma; a tumor consisting principally of smooth muscle tissue that is cancerous.
leukopenia
Analysis: Leuc(o)-pen-ia
Affixes: leuc (white blood cell), pen (decrease/deficiency), ia (state).
Part of Speech: Adjective
Meaning: An abnormal decrease in white blood cells, usually below 5000/mm³.
melalgia
Analysis: Mel-alg-ia
Affixes: mel (limb), alg (pain), ia (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Pain of neural origin in the limbs.
micrognathia
Analysis: Micr(o)-gnath-ia
Affixes: micr (small), gnath (lower jaw), ia (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Abnormal smallness of the jaws, especially the lower.
morphogen
Analysis: Morph(o)-gene
Affixes: morph (form/shape), gene (produce/be born).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A signaling molecule that diffuses through tissues and guides the development and patterning of organs and body structures.
narcolepsy
Analysis: narc-o-lep-s-y
Affixes: narc (numbness), lep (seizure/attack), s (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A disorder marked by recurrent and uncontrollable episodes of daytime sleepiness, often associated with temporary muscular paralysis (cataplexy) after strong emotional experiences.
nomography
Analysis: Nom(o)-graph-y
Affixes: nom (law), graph (record/write), y (state).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The construction of a nomogram representing the relationship between numerical variables through graphs, diagrams, or charts.
omphalotomy
Analysis: Omphal(o)-tom-y
Affixes: omphal (navel/umbilicus), tom (cut/slice), y (state).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Division of the umbilical cord at birth.
parasitemia
Analysis: Para-sit-em-ia
Affixes: para (alongside/around), sit (food), em (blood), ia (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The presence of parasites in the blood.
parasitologist
Analysis: Para-sit(o)-log-ist
Affixes: para (alongside/around), sit (food), log (study), ist (person interested in).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A specialist in the study of parasitology (the science of parasites).
pediatrics
Analysis: Ped-iatr-ics
Affixes: ped (child), iatr (healer/physician), ics (science of).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The medical science related to the care of children and the treatment of their diseases.
polymorphism
Analysis: Poly-morph-ism
Affixes: poly (many), morph (form), ism (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: A change in DNA, programming concept, or a type of white blood cell.
presbycardia
Analysis: Presby-card-ia
Affixes: presby (old/old age), card (heart), ia (condition).
Part of Speech: Adjective
Meaning: Decreased functional capacity of the heart due to age-related muscular hypertrophy, loss of myocytes, and reduced cardiac elasticity and compliance.
prognathous
Analysis: Pro-gnath-ous
Affixes: pro (forward/before/front), gnath (lower jaw), ous (pertaining to/characterized by).
Part of Speech: Adjective
Meaning: Having jaws that project forward beyond the face's normal contour.
prostatodynia
Analysis: Pro-stat-odyn-ia
Affixes: pro (forward/before/front), stat (stand/stop), odyn (pain), ia (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The condition of having symptoms indicative of prostate issues without evidence of inflammation, manifesting in negative urine cultures.
ptyalism
Analysis: Ptya-ism
Affixes: ptya (saliva), ism (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Excessive secretion of saliva.
rhinoplasty
Analysis: Rhin(o)-plast-y
Affixes: rhin (nose), plast (form/develop), y (condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Plastic surgery of the nose.
somatotropic
Analysis: Somat(o)-trop-ic
Affixes: somat (body), trop (turning), ic (pertaining to).
Part of Speech: Adjective
Meaning: Influencing the body or body cells.
thermodynamics
Analysis: Therm(o)-dynam-ics
Affixes: therm (heat/body temperature), dynam (power/force), ics (science of).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The scientific study within physics that explores the laws governing heat production and its conversion into other energy forms.
thermometry
Analysis: Therm(o)-metr-y
Affixes: therm (heat), metr (measurement), y (state/condition).
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: The measurement of temperature.