Imperalism flash cards

Imperialism in SEA

Imperalism-extension of a nations power over another.
Why was this power needed?
-industrialization, liberaization of government
Indrustial revolutions startsin england
Motives
_raw materials for industry

-new markets
-national pride
-percieved morality (White mans burden)
Types of control
Direct control: Government sends someone to run it for mother country
Indirect control: Leaders are allowed to keep position, if they slip up they will be set under direct control.

WESTERN NATIONS IN ASIA

Great Britain had Singapore, Malaya, Burma, India, Yemen, Bahrain
France had Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia)
US- Phillipines (1898)
Portugal- East timor
Netherlands-Indonesia
Spain-Phillipines

Thailand and its curious case
-it stayed indepdent due to it being a “buffer zone” between france and britian.
and they self westernized.

Rwanda and effects of imperialism

About rwanda
Land locked, about the size of rhode island
nothing of importance the west wanted
Two major groups, hutu, (85%)tutsis (15%)
No ethnic difference
Germany took control of central east africa then lost it, allowing belgium to take control and created the tutsi class as the rulling and hutus as workers, eventually switching around.
April 6, 1994 the presidents plane was shot down most likely because of his influence in the Arusha accords (accord with the goal of allowing tutsis to join the government, and reduce tensions)
This shift in power dynamics led to deep-seated tensions between the two groups, culminating in violent conflicts and the tragic genocide of 1994. The aftermath of the genocide not only shattered the social fabric of Rwanda but also highlighted the dire consequences of colonial policies that favored division and inequality.

In april 1994 hutus tried to exterminate all tutsis, lasted 100 days over 800k tutsi and moderate hutus were killed
the RPF (rwadan patriotic front) stopped the killing

EMPIRE BUILDING IN AFRICA
French wanted to expand into north africa
In 1830 they occupied algiers (north algeria) Muslim state Ottoman empire, direct rule.
in the 1800’s french citizens moved in and became a french colony.

in 1881, they invaded tunis (capital of tunisa)
Became a french protectoreate (indirect rule)
Mole moves, 1904 french began moving into morroco
became a french protectorate in 1909 (indirect rule)
This strategy allowed France to extend its influence while managing local governance through existing structures. As a result, France established a significant presence throughout North Africa, impacting local economies, cultures, and political dynamics.

British in North Africa
-Egypt (had been part of the Ottoman empire but the OEwas weakened)

had ritual self rule

the suez canal
in 1854 Egypt allowed a french company to build the suez canal
egypt bought half the stock in the company

they got in debt, and sold their share in the company

british bought it in 1875
An international comitee was set up to workout egypts debt, in 1882 a rebellion broke out because of unfairness. in the comitee.
Roynal navy attacked alexandria, a coastal city.
BRitish occupied”Indepedent” egypt for years

Competition for west africa
in 1800s west africa had many trade centers
europeans wanted to control it

Liberia, was a republic in 1847 (independent)
founded by free slaves who weren’t wanted in US

Ethipoia
fought off Italians
italy had a treaty with King Menelik II (1889)

Invasion in 1896

moved troops
abyssisans troops (17000) supplied by russians and french rifles they failed

COMPETITION FOR SOUTH AFRICA

Europeans settement popped around in south africa (1652)
Dutch settlers founded cape town, a supply state
grew into cape colony
taken by british in 1800s
Boers- farmers, Decedents of original dutch settlers
Many boers left to move north and east called the
The great trek- 3 colonies, natal, transvaal and orange freestate

Zulus- barbaic native african tribe

very feirce, doesnt take survivors.

CONFLICT WITH THE ZULUS

Boers came into contact with them
Zulus were powerful and fought them off.
British joined in to defeat the zulus.

Cecil rhodes- Man with respitory issues, forced to move to africa and moved to diamond fields in OFS (Orange free state)
Controlled production for 20 years

eventually started his own colony, rhodesia

Boer war 1899 1902
Boers vs GB, GB Win.

Costs of imperialism & Gains

-Loss of culture
-Stolen resources

-Profit to imperialiss
Gains
-New crops
-Farming Method

-MEdicine

Infrastructing roads

New communication between African peoples.

Countries and terrorties they controlled