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Topic 8: Staining Methods
- Robert Koch introduced the procedures of air-drying, chemical fixation, and staining with aniline dyes
- Staining bacteria enhances the contrast between bacteria and the surrounding material and permits observation of greater detail and resolution than wet mount procedures
- Microbes are prepared for staining by smearing them onto a microscope slide
- Bacteria is transferred from growth or culture media to microscope slides using an inoculating loop.
- inoculating loop is sterilized by heating or flaming before and after use
- done by holding it in the flame of a burner or electric incinerator until it is red-hot
- Staining techniques may involve simple stains, in which only one reagent is used and all bacteria are usually stained similarly, or differential stains, in which multple reagents are used and bacteria react to the reagents differently.
- Structural stains are used to identify specific parts of the microbe.
- Most bacteria that are grown in labs are rods or cocci
- Staining and microscopic examination are usually the first steps in identifying microorganisms
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