Latin I First Semester Exam Sentence Review

Latin I First Semester Exam Sentence Review

Overview

  • The document consists of an exam review sheet for students studying Latin I, focused on sentence construction, comprehension, and vocabulary related to Roman culture and society.

Sentence Exercises

  • Each exercise involves examining and translating specific Latin sentences into English, emphasizing understanding syntax, vocabulary, and context.

Exam Sentences

  1. Cuncti viri liberi esse desiderant.

    • Translation: All free men desire to be.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Cuncti: all

      • viri: men

      • liberi: free

      • esse: to be

      • desiderant: they desire

  2. Servi validi ad oppida copiam cibi cras portabunt.

    • Translation: Strong slaves will carry supplies of food tomorrow to the towns.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Servi: slaves

      • validi: strong

      • ad: to

      • oppida: towns

      • copiam: supplies

      • cibi: of food

      • cras: tomorrow

      • portabunt: they will carry

  3. Narrabitne magister pueris fabulam de puero Romano?

    • Translation: Will the teacher tell the boys a story about the Roman boy?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Narrabitne: will [he/she] tell?

      • magister: teacher

      • pueris: boys

      • fabulam: a story

      • de: about

      • puero Romano: Roman boy

  4. Magnae copiae et viri clari in viis Romae ambulare amabant.

    • Translation: Great supplies and renowned men loved to walk in the streets of Rome.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Magnae: great

      • copiae: supplies

      • et: and

      • viri: men

      • clari: renowned

      • in: in

      • viis: streets

      • Romae: of Rome

      • ambulare: to walk

      • amabant: they loved

  5. Nolite manere in agris. Cras properate in oppidum.

    • Translation: Do not stay in the fields. Hurry to the town tomorrow.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Nolite: do not

      • manere: to stay

      • in: in

      • agris: fields

      • cras: tomorrow

      • properate: hurry

      • in: to

      • oppidum: town

  6. Iterum iterumque pueri mali clamabant: “Quid sub toga portas?”

    • Translation: Again and again, the bad boys shouted: "What are you carrying under your toga?"

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Iterum iterumque: again and again

      • pueri: boys

      • mali: bad

      • clamabant: they shouted

      • Quid: what

      • sub: under

      • toga: toga

      • portas: you carry

  7. Nonne pueri validi parvum Marcellum superabunt?

    • Translation: Will not the strong boys overcome little Marcellus?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Nonne: will not

      • pueri: boys

      • validi: strong

      • parvum: little

      • Marcellum: Marcellus (a proper noun)

      • superabunt: they will overcome

  8. Erunt pericula multa in viis Romae, sed parvus puer pericula numquam timebit.

    • Translation: There will be many dangers in the streets of Rome, but the little boy will never fear dangers.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Erunt: there will be

      • pericula: dangers

      • multa: many

      • in: in

      • viis: streets

      • Romae: of Rome

      • sed: but

      • parvus: little

      • puer: boy

      • numquam: never

      • timebit: will fear

  9. Subito turba virorum ad pueros ambulabat.

    • Translation: Suddenly a crowd of men was walking towards the boys.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Subito: suddenly

      • turba: a crowd

      • virorum: of men

      • ad: towards

      • pueros: boys

      • ambulabat: was walking

  10. Cur, puer mi, properas? Ubi habitas? Noli timere!

    • Translation: Why are you hurrying, my boy? Where do you live? Do not fear!

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Cur: why

      • puer: boy

      • mi: my

      • properas: you hurry

      • Ubi: where

      • habitas: do you live?

      • Noli: do not

      • timere: fear

Additional Sentences

  1. Tum captivi et equi ex provinciis in Italiam impedimenta portaverunt.

    • Translation: Then the captives and horses carried supplies from the provinces to Italy.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Tum: then

      • captivi: captives

      • et: and

      • equi: horses

      • ex: from

      • provinciis: provinces

      • in: to

      • Italiam: Italy

      • impedimenta: supplies

      • portaverunt: they carried

  2. Heri templa spectavimus; cras Romae manebimus.

    • Translation: Yesterday we saw the temples; tomorrow we will stay in Rome.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Heri: yesterday

      • templa: temples

      • spectavimus: we saw

      • cras: tomorrow

      • Romae: in Rome

      • manebimus: we will stay

  3. Dominus servis mandata dedit, sed auxilium non dedit.

    • Translation: The master gave orders to the slaves but did not give help.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Dominus: master

      • servis: to the slaves

      • mandata: orders

      • dedit: he gave

      • sed: but

      • auxilium: help

      • non: not

      • dedit: he gave

  4. Pericula bellorum novorum magna fuerunt.

    • Translation: The dangers of the new wars were great.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Pericula: dangers

      • bellorum: of the wars

      • novorum: new

      • magna: great

      • fuerunt: were

  5. Postea Romani multos captivos et multam praedam habuerunt.

    • Translation: Afterwards, the Romans had many captives and much loot.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Postea: afterwards

      • Romani: the Romans

      • multos: many

      • captivos: captives

      • et: and

      • multam: much

      • praedam: loot

      • habuerunt: they had

  6. Num Via Sacra erat longa lataque?

    • Translation: Was the Sacred Way long and wide?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Num: was it? (expecting yes or no)

      • Via Sacra: Sacred Way

      • erat: was

      • longa: long

      • lataque: and wide

  7. Bella numquam amavi, sed pro patria mea laetus pugnabo.

    • Translation: I never loved wars, but for my country, I will happily fight.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Bella: wars

      • numquam: never

      • amavi: I loved

      • sed: but

      • pro: for

      • patria: country

      • mea: my

      • laetus: happily

      • pugnabo: I will fight

  8. Laeti sunt viri quod mox in patria erunt.

    • Translation: The men are happy because soon they will be in their homeland.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Laeti: happy

      • sunt: are

      • viri: men

      • quod: because

      • mox: soon

      • in: in

      • patria: homeland

      • erunt: they will be

  9. Undique captivi laborabant et Viam Appiam aedificabant.

    • Translation: From everywhere captives were working and building the Appian Way.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Undique: from everywhere

      • captivi: captives

      • laborabant: were working

      • et: and

      • Viam Appiam: the Appian Way

      • aedificabant: were building

  10. Feminae etiam in Via Sacra cum amicis ambulabant.

    • Translation: The women were also walking on the Sacred Way with friends.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Feminae: women

      • etiam: also

      • in: on

      • Via Sacra: Sacred Way

      • cum: with

      • amicis: friends

      • ambulabant: were walking

Additional Questions

  1. Multi servi fuerant magistri puerorum Romanorum.

    • Translation: Many slaves had been the teachers of Roman boys.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Multi: many

      • servi: slaves

      • fuerant: had been

      • magistri: teachers

      • puerorum: of boys

      • Romanorum: Roman

  2. Dominus signo servos monuerat, et cum studio ex agris properaverant.

    • Translation: The master had warned the slaves with a sign, and they had hurried from the fields with enthusiasm.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Dominus: master

      • signo: with a sign

      • servos: slaves

      • monuerat: had warned

      • et: and

      • cum: with

      • studio: enthusiasm

      • ex: from

      • agris: fields

      • properaverant: they had hurried

  3. Nonne captivi magna cum diligentia vias latas aedificaverunt?

    • Translation: Did not the captives build the wide roads with great diligence?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Nonne: did not

      • captivi: captives

      • magna: great

      • cum: with

      • diligentia: diligence

      • vias: roads

      • latas: wide

      • aedificaverunt: they built

  4. In America equis et carris impedimenta ab oppido ad oppidum saepe non movemus.

    • Translation: In America, we often do not move supplies from town to town with horses and carts.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • In: in

      • America: America

      • equis: with horses

      • et: and

      • carris: carts

      • impedimenta: supplies

      • ab: from

      • oppido: town

      • ad: to

      • oppidum: town

      • saepe: often

      • non: not

      • movemus: we move

  5. Viri clari magnum numerum templorum aedificiorumque laudaverunt.

    • Translation: The renowned men praised a great number of temples and buildings.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Viri: men

      • clari: renowned

      • magnum: great

      • numerum: number

      • templorum: of temples

      • aedificiorumque: and buildings

      • laudaverunt: they praised

  6. Populus Romanus multos deos et multas deas habebat.

    • Translation: The Roman people had many gods and goddesses.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Populus Romanus: Roman people

      • multos: many

      • deos: gods

      • et: and

      • multas: many

      • deas: goddesses

      • habebat: had

  7. Dederatne dominus servis fidis magna praemia?

    • Translation: Had the master given great rewards to the loyal slaves?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Dederatne: had [he/she] given?

      • dominus: master

      • servis: to the slaves

      • fidis: loyal

      • magna: great

      • praemia: rewards

  8. Romani gladiis telisque cum incolis vicorum pugnaverunt.

    • Translation: The Romans fought with swords and spears against the inhabitants of the villages.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Romani: Romans

      • gladiis: with swords

      • telisque: and spears

      • cum: with

      • incolis: inhabitants

      • vicorum: of the villages

      • pugnaverunt: they fought

  9. Ante bella Romani fuerant agricolae; sed post bella servi terram arabant.

    • Translation: Before the wars, the Romans were farmers; but after the wars, the slaves plowed the land.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Ante: before

      • bella: wars

      • Romani: Romans

      • fuerant: were

      • agricolae: farmers

      • sed: but

      • post: after

      • bella: wars

      • servi: slaves

      • terram: land

      • arabant: they plowed

  10. Tum captivi scuta et gladios ab provinciis in Italiam portabant.

    • Translation: Then the captives were carrying shields and swords from the provinces to Italy.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Tum: then

      • captivi: captives

      • scuta: shields

      • et: and

      • gladios: swords

      • ab: from

      • provinciis: provinces

      • in: to

      • Italiam: Italy

      • portabant: they were carrying

Spartacus and Related Questions

  1. Quis erat Spartacus? Spartacus erat servus clarus.

    • Translation: Who was Spartacus? Spartacus was a famous slave.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quis: who

      • erat: was

      • servus: slave

      • clarus: famous

  2. Cujus amicus est Marcus? Marcus est amicus servi clari.

    • Translation: Whose friend is Marcus? Marcus is the friend of the famous slave.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Cujus: whose

      • amicus: friend

      • est: is

      • servi: of the slave

      • clari: famous

  3. Cui Spartacus fabulam narravit? Quos Spartacus incitavit?

    • Translation: To whom did Spartacus tell a story? Whom did Spartacus incite?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Cui: to whom

      • fabulam: a story

      • narravit: he told

      • Quos: whom

      • incitavit: he incited

  4. Quibuscum servi pugnaverant? Qui servos superabunt?

    • Translation: Against whom had the slaves fought? Who will overcome the slaves?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quibuscum: against whom

      • servi: slaves

      • pugnaverant: had fought

      • Qui: who

      • superabunt: will overcome

  5. Qui servus socios incitaverit? Quarum provinciarum Romani erant domini? Quocum Spartacus in arena stabit?

    • Translation: Which slave incited the allies? From which provinces were the Romans masters? With whom will Spartacus stand in the arena?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Qui: which

      • servus: slave

      • socios: allies

      • incitaverit: incited

      • Quarum: from which

      • provinciarum: provinces

      • Romani: Romans

      • erant: were

      • domini: masters

      • Quocum: with whom

      • in: in

      • arena: arena

      • stabit: will stand

  6. Quem servus clarus necavit? Quos Romani necaverunt?

    • Translation: Whom did the famous slave kill? Whom did the Romans kill?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quem: whom

      • servus: slave

      • clarus: famous

      • necavit: killed

      • Quos: whom

      • Romani: Romans

      • necaverunt: they killed

  7. Quae erant officia dominorum aequorum?

    • Translation: What were the duties of the just masters?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quae: what

      • erant: were

      • officia: duties

      • dominorum: of the masters

      • aequorum: just

  8. Quorum arma et scuta servi portaverant?

    • Translation: Whose arms and shields had the slaves carried?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quorum: whose

      • arma: arms

      • et: and

      • scuta: shields

      • servi: slaves

      • portaverant: had carried

  9. Quae proelia nuntii populo Romano nuntiaverunt?

    • Translation: What battles did the messengers announce to the Roman people?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quae: what

      • proelia: battles

      • nuntii: messengers

      • populo Romano: to the Roman people

      • nuntiaverunt: announced

  10. Quos servos Spartacus convocavit et incitavit?

    • Translation: Which slaves did Spartacus summon and incite?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quos: which

      • servos: slaves

      • Spartacus: Spartacus

      • convocavit: summoned

      • et: and

      • incitavit: incited

Reflections on Roman Society and Culture

  1. Locum altum habere desideravi unde equos clare videre potui.

    • Translation: I desired to have a high place from where I could clearly see the horses.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Locum: place

      • altum: high

      • habere: to have

      • desideravi: I desired

      • unde: from where

      • equos: horses

      • clare: clearly

      • videre: to see

      • potui: I could

  2. Nonne ludi liberos laetos delectaverunt?

    • Translation: Didn't the games delight the happy children?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Nonne: didn't

      • ludi: games

      • liberos: children

      • laetos: happy

      • delectaverunt: they delighted

  3. Saepe Romani viros validos bello obtinere poterant.

    • Translation: The Romans were often able to obtain strong men for war.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Saepe: often

      • Romani: Romans

      • viros: men

      • validos: strong

      • bello: for war

      • obtinere: to obtain

      • poterant: they were able

  4. Captivi magno cum animo in arenam ambulaverunt.

    • Translation: The captives walked into the arena with great courage.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Captivi: captives

      • magno: great

      • cum: with

      • animo: courage

      • in: into

      • arenam: arena

      • ambulaverunt: they walked

  5. Arena erat locus ludis idoneus atque pueris gratus.

    • Translation: The arena was a suitable place for games and pleasing for the boys.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Arena: arena

      • erat: was

      • locus: a place

      • ludis: for games

      • idoneus: suitable

      • atque: and

      • pueris: for the boys

      • gratus: pleasing

  6. Multi Romani servis erant iniqui, et multi servi Romanis erant inimici.

    • Translation: Many Romans were unfair to their slaves, and many slaves were enemies to the Romans.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Multi: many

      • Romani: Romans

      • servis: to the slaves

      • erant: were

      • iniqui: unfair

      • et: and

      • multi: many

      • servi: slaves

      • Romanis: to the Romans

      • inimici: enemies

  7. Notus dominus ludorum tuba signum dederat.

    • Translation: The famous master of the games had given the signal with a trumpet.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Notus: famous

      • dominus: master

      • ludorum: of the games

      • tuba: trumpet

      • signum: signal

      • dederat: had given

  8. Nonne pueri cum studio equos exspectabant?

    • Translation: Didn't the boys eagerly await the horses?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Nonne: didn't

      • pueri: boys

      • cum: with

      • studio: eagerness

      • equos: horses

      • exspectabant: they awaited

  9. Equi circum primam portam volaverunt.

    • Translation: The horses flew around the first gate.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Equi: horses

      • circum: around

      • primam: first

      • portam: gate

      • volaverunt: they flew

  10. Pueri locum propinquum termino arenae probaverunt.

    • Translation: The boys approved of a place near the end of the arena.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Pueri: boys

      • locum: place

      • propinquum: near

      • termino: end

      • arenae: of the arena

      • probaverunt: they approved

Reflections on Military Context

  1. Caesar copias agros vastare jussit.

    • Translation: Caesar ordered the forces to devastate the fields.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Caesar: Caesar

      • copias: forces

      • agros: fields

      • vastare: to devastate

      • jussit: ordered

  2. Temptaveruntne viri ad muros appropinquare?

    • Translation: Did the men try to approach the walls?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Temptaveruntne: did they try?

      • viri: men

      • ad: to

      • muros: walls

      • appropinquare: to approach

  3. Vir notus miseris auxilium dare dubitavit.

    • Translation: A famous man hesitated to give help to the wretched.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Vir: man

      • notus: famous

      • miseris: to the wretched

      • auxilium: help

      • dare: to give

      • dubitavit: hesitated

  4. Facta mala virorum memoria tenere non debemus.

    • Translation: We must not keep in memory the bad deeds of men.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Facta: deeds

      • mala: bad

      • virorum: of men

      • memoria: in memory

      • tenere: to keep

      • non: not

      • debemus: we must

  5. Quorum injurias pueris narrare temptas?

    • Translation: Whose injustices are you trying to relate to the boys?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quorum: whose

      • injurias: injustices

      • pueris: to the boys

      • narrare: to relate

      • temptas: you try

  6. Pecuniam debere est multas curas habere.

    • Translation: To owe money is to have many cares.

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Pecuniam: money

      • debere: to owe

      • est: is

      • multas: many

      • curas: cares

      • habere: to have

  7. Quae signa dominus servos levare jussit?

    • Translation: What signs did the master order the slaves to raise?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quae: what

      • signa: signs

      • dominus: master

      • servos: the slaves

      • levare: to raise

      • jussit: ordered

  8. Eratne longa mora inter initium et terminum pugnae?

    • Translation: Was there a long delay between the start and end of the battle?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Eratne: was there?

      • longa: long

      • mora: delay

      • inter: between

      • initium: start

      • et: and

      • terminum: end

      • pugnae: of the battle

  9. Quibuscum pueri per ludum sedebant?

    • Translation: With whom were the boys sitting during the game?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quibuscum: with whom

      • pueri: boys

      • per: during

      • ludum: game

      • sedebant: they were sitting

  10. Quos equos spectare pueri desideraverunt?

    • Translation: Which horses did the boys wish to watch?

    • Key Vocabulary:

      • Quos: which

      • equos: horses

      • spectare: to watch

      • pueri: boys

      • desideraverunt: they wished