Latin II exam 1 vocab

ab, ā

away from, from; by (takes ablative)

accipio, accipere, accepi, acceptum

to take (to one's self), receive, accept

ad

to, up to, near to (takes accusative)

ager, agrī, m.

field, farm

agō, agere, ēgī, āctum

to drive, lead, do, act; pass, spend (gratias agere: to give thanks)

ait, -, -, -

he says, they say, assert (or aiunt)

aliquis, aliquid

someone, somebody, something

alius, alia, aliud

other, another 

amīcus, -ī m. or amīca, amīca, -ae f.

friend

amō, amāre, amāvī, amātum

to love, to like

amor, amōris, m.

love

animus, -i, m.

soul, spirit, mind; (plural) high spirits, pride, courage

aqua, -ae, f.

water

arma, -orum, n.

arms, weapons (always plural)

arx, arcis, f.

citadel, stronghold

audeō, audēre, ausus sum, -

to dare

audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītum

to hear, listen to

aut

or (aut...aut: either...or)

bellum, -ī, n.

war

bene

well, satisfactorily, quite

beneficium, -ii, n.

benefit, kindness; favor

bonus, -a, -um

good, kind

brevis, breve

short, small, brief

cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrum

to fall

capiō, capere, cēpī, captum

to take, capture, seize, get

carmen, carminis, n.

song, poem

Carthago, Carthaginis, f.

Carthage (a city in North Africa)

causa, -ae, f.

cause, reason; case, situation; (abl. causa plus a preceding gen.) for the sake of, on account of

cedo, cedere, cessi, cessum

to go, withdraw; yield to, grant, submit

cena, -ae, f.

dinner

clārus, -a, -um

clear, bright; renowned, famous, illustrious

commūnis, commūne

common, general, of the community, for the community

condo, condere, condidi, conditum

to put together, put into, store; found, establish

cōnsilium, cōnsiliī, n.

plan, purpose, counsel, advice, judgement, wisdom

cōnsul, cōnsulis, m.

consul

contendo, contendere, contendi, contentum

to strive, struggle, contend; hasten

cōpia, -ae, f.

abundance, supply; (plural) supplies, troops, forces

crās

tomorrow

credo, credere, credidi, creditum

to believe, trust

cum

with (takes ablative)

cupiō, cupere, cupīvī, cupītum

to desire, wish, long for

cūr

why

cūra, -ae, f.

care, attention, caution, anxiety

currō, currere, cucurrī, cursum

to run, rush, move quickly

cursus, -us, m.

running, race; course

dē

down from, from, concerning, about

dea, -ae, f.

goddess

dēbeō, dēbēre, dēbuī, dēbitum

to owe; ought, must

dedico, dedicare, dedicavi, dedicatum

to dedicate

dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsum

to ward off; defend, protect

dehinc

then

deinde

thereupon, next, then

delectatio, delectationis, f.

delight, pleasure, enjoyment

dēmōnstrō, dēmōnstrāre, dēmōnstrāvī, dēmōnstrātum

to point out, show, demonstrate

denique

at last, finally, lastly

deus, -ī, m.

god

dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum

to say, tell, speak; name, call

dies, dieī/diēī, m.

day

difficilis, difficile

hard, difficult, troublesome

dignus, -a, -um

worthy, worthy of

diligens

diligent, careful (genitive diligentis)

discēdō, discēdere, discessī, discessum

to go away, depart

dissimilis, dissimile

unlike, different

dō, dare, dedī, datum

to give, offer

dōnum, -i, n.

gift, present

dūcō dūcere, dūxī, ductum

to lead; consider, regard; prolong

durus, -a, -um

hard, harsh, rough, stern, unfeeling, hardy, difficult

dux, ducis, m.

leader, guide; commander, general

educo, educare, educavi, educatum

to bring up, educate

egeo, egere, egui, -

to need, lack, want

ego, meī & nōs, nostrī/nostrum

I, me, we us

equus, -i, m.

horse

et

and

ex, ē

out of, from, from within; by reason of, on account of (takes ablative)

excipio, excipere, excepi, exceptum

to take out, except; take, receive, capture

expello, expellere, expuli, expulsum

to drive out, expel, banish

expleo, explere, explevi, expletum

to fill, fill up, complete

fabula, -ae, f.

story, tale; play

faciō, facere, fēcī, factum

to make, do, accomplish

fāma, -ae, f.

rumor, report, fame, reputation

familia, -ae, f.

household, family

fatum, -i, n.

fate, death

fēmina, -ae, f.

woman

ferox

fierce, savage (genitive ferocis)

fidelis, fidele

faithful, loyal

fīlia, -ae f.

daughter

fīlius, fīliī m.

son

fīnis, fīnis, m.

end, limit, boundary, purpose; (plural) boundaries, territory

flūmen, flūminis, n.

river

fortis, forte

strong, brave

fortūna, -ae, f.

fortune, luck

forum, -i, n.

marketplace, forum

frāter, frātris, m.

brother

fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrum

to flee, hurry away; go into exile; avoid, shun

gaudeo, gaudere, gavisus sum, -

to be glad, rejoice

geminus, -a, -um

twin

gēns, gentis, f.

clan, race, nation, people

gerō, gerere, gessī, gestum

to carry, carry on, manage, conduct, accomplish, perform

gracilis, gracile

slender, thin

Graecia, -ae, f.

Greece

Graecus, -a, -um

Greek

gravis, grave

heavy, weighty, serious, important, severe, grievous

habeō, habēre, habuī, habitum

to have, hold, possess, consider, regard

hasta, -ae, f.

spear

heri

yesterday

hic

here

hic, haec, hoc

this; the latter; he, she, it, they

hodiē

today

homō, hominis, m.

human being, man

hostis, hostis, m.

an enemy; (plural) the enemy

humilis, humile

lowly, humble

iaceo, iacere, iacui, -

to lie, lie prostrate, lie dead

iam

now; already, soon

ibi

there

ignis, ignis, m.

fire

ille, illa, illud

that; the former; the famous; he, she, it, they

imperator, imperatoris, m.

general, commander-in-chief, emperor

imperium, -ii, n.

power to command, supreme power, authority, command, control

in

in, on, into, against

incipiō, incipere, incēpī, inceptum

to begin

ingenium, -ii, n.

nature, innate talent

īnsidiae, -ārum, f.

ambush, plot, treachery (always plural)

insula, -ae, f.

island

intellegō, intellegere, intellēxī, intellēctum

to understand

invito, invitare, invitavi, invitatum

to entertain, invite, summon

īra, -ae, f.

anger, ire

ita

so, thus

Italia, -ae, f.

Italy

iuvō, iuvāre, iūvī, iūtum

to help, aid, assist; to please

labor, labōris, m.

labor, work, toil; a work, production

laudō, laudāre, laudāvī, laudātum

to praise

laus, laudis, f.

praise, glory, fame

lēgō, legere, lēgī, lectum

to pick out, choose; read

lex, legis, f.

law, statute

līber, lībera, līberum

free

liber, librī, m.

book

lībertās, lībertātis, f.

liberty

limen, liminis, n.

threshold

lingua, -ae, f.

tongue; language

litus, litoris, n.

shore, coast

longus, -a, -um

long

luna, -ae, f.

moon

lux, lucis, f.

light

magnanimus, -a, -um

great-hearted, brave, magnanimous

magnus, -a, -um

large, great, important

malus, -a, -um

bad, wicked, evil

manus, -ūs, f.

hand, band; handwriting

māter, mātris, f.

mother

medius, -a, -um

middle

mēns, mentis, f.

mind, thought, intention

mensa, -ae, f.

table, dining, dish, course (mensa secunda: dessert)

meus, -a, -um

my

miles, militis, m.

soldier

mittō, mittere, mīsī, missum

to send, let go

modus, -i, m.

measure, bound, limit; manner, method, mode, way

moenia, moenium, n.

walls of a city (always plural)

mollio, mollire, mollivi, mollitum

to soften; make calm, make less hostile

moneō, monēre, monuī, monitum

to remind, advise, warn

mōns, montis, m.

mountain

mora, -ae, f.

delay

mors, mortis, f.

death

mortuus, -a, -um

dead

mōs, mōris, m.

habit, custom, manner; (plural) habits, character

moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtum

to move; arouse, affect

multus, -a, -um

much, many

narro, narrare, narravi, narratum

to tell, report, narrate

nata, -ae, f.

daughter

nātūra, -ae, f.

nature

nāvis, nāvis, f.

ship, boat

ne

not; in order that...not, that...not, in order not to

-ne

question (introduces questions the answer to which is uncertain)

necō, necāre, necāvī, necātum

to murder, kill

nego, negare, negavi, negatum

to deny, say that...not

nēmō, nēminis, m. or f.

no one, nobody

nepos, nepotis, m.

grandson, descendant

neque, nec

and not, nor

nescio, nescire, nescivi, nescitum

not to know, be ignorant

nihil, n.

nothing

nōmen, nōminis, n.

name

nōn

not

noster, nostra, nostrum

our, ours

novus, -a, -um

new; strange

nox, noctis, f.

night

nūllus, -a, -um

not any, no, none

numerus, -ī, m.

number

numquam

never

nunc

now, today, at present

nuntio, nuntiare, nuntiavi, nuntiatum

to announce, report, relate

occasio, occasionis, f.

occasion, opportunity

officium, officiī, n.

duty, service

omnis, omne

every, all

opprimo, opprimere, oppressi, oppressum

to suppress, overwhelm, overpower, check

orator, oratoris, m.

orator, speaker

osculum, -i, n.

kiss

ostendo, ostendere, ostendi, ostentum

to exhibit, show, display

parens, parentis, m. or f.

parent

pars, partis, f.

part, share

parvus, -a, -um

small, little

patefacio, patefacere, patefeci, patefactum

to make open, open; disclose, expose

pater, patris, m.

father

patria, -ae, f.

fatherland, native land, (one's) country

paucī, -ae, -a

few, a few

pāx, pācis, f.

peace

pecūnia, -ae, f.

money

pello, pellere, pepuli, pulsum

to strike, push, drive out, banish

per

through (takes accusative)

perfugium, -ii, n.

refuge, shelter

perīculum, -ī, n.

danger, risk

perpetuus, -a, -um

perpetual, lasting, uninterrupted, continuous

peto, petere, petivi, petitum

to seek, aim at, beg, beseech

poenia, -ae, f.

penalty, punishment

pono, ponere, posui, positum

to put, place, set

populus, -ī, m.

a people, the people, nation

possum, posse, potuī, -

to be able, can, could, have power

post

after, behind (takes accusative)

postea

afterwards

prae

in front of, before (takes ablative)

praesto, praestare, praestiti, praestitum

to excel; exhibit, show, offer, supply, furnish

premo, premere, pressi, pressum

to press, press hard, pursue

primus, -a, -um

first, foremost, chief, principal

princeps

chief, foremost; (m. or f. noun) leader, emperor (genitive principis)

prō

in front of, before, on behalf of, for the sake of, in return for, instead of, for, as (takes ablative)

probo, probare, probavi, probatum

to test, approve, recommend

prohibeō, prohibēre, prohibuī, prohibitum

to keep (back), prevent, hinder, restrain, prohibit

propter

on account of, because of (takes accusative)

pudicus, -a, -um

modest, chaste

pugno, pugnare, pugnavi, pugnatum

to fight

pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum

beautiful, handsome; fine

puto, putare, putavi, putatum

to clean, trim; reckon, suppose, judge, think, imagine

quaero, quaerere, quaesivi, quaesitum

to seek, look for, strive for; ask, inquire, inquire into

quam

(after comparatives) than; (with superlatives) as...as possible (e.g. quam fortissimus, as great as possible)

-que

and (enclitic) (appended to the second of two words to be joined)

quī, quae, quod

who, which, what, that

quidam, quaedam, quiddam

(pron.) a certain one, certain thing, someone, something; (adj.) a certain, some

quidem

indeed, certainly, at least, even (ne...quidem: not...even)

quis?, quid?

who?, whose?, whom?, what?, which?

quisquis, quidquid

whoever, whatever

quot

how many, as many as (indeclinable)

ratiō, ratiōnis, f.

reckoning, account; reason, judgement, consideration; system; manner, method

re-, red-

again, back

recipio, recipere, recepi, receptum

to take back, regain, admit, receive

rēgīna, -ae, f.

queen

regō, regere, rēxī, rēctum

to rule, guide, direct

relinquō, relinquere, relīquī, relictum

to leave behind, leave, abandon, desert

remaneō, remanēre, remānsī, remansum

to remain, stay behind, abide, continue

rēs, reī, f.

thing, matter, business, affair

respondeo, respondere, respondi, responsum

to answer

rēx, rēgis, m.

king

rideo, ridere, risi, risum

to laugh, laugh at

Rōma, -ae, f.

Rome

Rōmānus, -a, -um

Roman

sacerdos, sacerdotis, m.

priest

saepe

often

sapiens

wise, judicious; (as a noun) a wise man, philosopher (genitive sapientis)

sapientia, -ae, f.

wisdom

sciō, scīre, scīvī, scītum

to know

scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptum

to write, compose

sed

but

semper

always

senātus, -ūs, m.

senate

sententia, -ae, f.

feeling, thought, opinion, vote, sentence

serva, -ae, f.

slave

servus, -i, m.

slave

sī

if

sic

so, thus

sidus, sideris, n.

constellation, star

similis, simile

similar (to), like, resembling

sol, solis, m.

sun

solacium, -ii, n.

comfort, relief

sōlus, -a, -um

alone, only, the only

somnus, -i, m.

sleep

soror, sorōris, f.

sister

spero, sperare, speravi, speratum

to hope for, hope

spēs, speī, f.

hope

stella, -ae, f.

star, planet

studium, studiī, n.

eagerness, zeal, pursuit, study

sub

under, up under, close to (takes ablative with verbs of rest, takes accusative with verbs of motion)

sum, esse, fuī, futūrum

to be, exist

superbus, -a, -um

arrogant, overbearing, haughty, proud

superō, superāre, superāvī, superātum

to be above, have the upper hand, surpass; overcome, conquer

surgo, surgere, surrexi, surrectum

to get up, arise

suscipio, suscipere, suscepi, susceptum

to undertake

taceo, tacere, tacui, tacitum

to be silent, leave unmentioned

tam

so, to such a degree (tam...quam: so...as)

tamen

nevertheless, still

tantum

only

tantus, -a, -um

so large, so great, of such a size

tempus, temporis, n.

time; occasion, opportunity

teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentum

to hold, keep, possess; restrain

terra, -ae, f.

earth, ground, land, country

timeō, timēre, timuī, -

to fear, be afraid of, be afraid

timor, timōris, m.

fear

tolerō, tolerāre, tolerāvī, tolerātum

to bear, endure

tōtus, -a, -um

whole, entire

trāns

across (takes accusative)

tristis, triste

sad, sorrowful; joyless, grim, severe

tū, tuī & vōs, vestrī/vestrum

you

tum

then, at that time; thereupon, in the next place

turpis, turpe

ugly, shameful, base, disgraceful

tuus, -a, -um

your

tyrannus, -ī, m.

absolute ruler, tyrant

umquam

ever, at any time

ūnus, -a, -um

one, single, alone

urbanus, -a, -um

of the city, urban, urbane, elegant

urbs, urbis, f.

city

ut (+ indic.)

just as, when

ut (+ subj.)

in order that, so that, that, in order to, so as to, to; (with indicative) as, when

utilis, utile

useful, advantageous

uxor, uxōris, f.

wife

veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum

to come

verbum, -i, n.

word

vero

in truth, indeed, to be sure, however

versus, -ūs, m.

line of verse

verto, vertere, verti, versum

to turn; change

vērus, -a, -um

true, real, proper

vesper, vesperis, m.

evening (genitive singular may also be vesperi)

vester, vestra, vestrum / voster, vostra, vostrum

your

via, -ae, f.

way, road, street

victōria, -ae, f.

victory

videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum

to see, observe, understand

vincō, vincere, vīcī, vīctum

to conquer, overcome

vir, virī, m.

man, hero

virtūs, virtūtis, f.

manliness, courage, excellence, character, worth, virtue

vīta, -ae, f.

life, mode of life

vitium, vitiī, n.

fault, crime, vice

vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctum

to live

vulnus, vulneris, n.

wound