1020 Review Notes
T-Zone and Skin Characteristics
T-zone Definition: The center area of the face corresponding to the T shape.
Client Disclosure: A client may not choose to reveal their age on an intake form.
Raised Lesion: A raised lesion is known as a papule.
Sensitive Skin Characteristics: All of the following are characteristic of sensitive skin EXCEPT darker skin.
Intake Form and Client Consultation
Alternative Names for Intake Form: All of the following are other names for the intake form EXCEPT service record card.
Décolleté Products: All of the following products may be a good choice for the décolleté EXCEPT alpha hydroxy acids.
Client Lifestyle Questions: An esthetician should ask about a client's lifestyle and describe any observations about the skin's appearance before applying toner and after touching the skin.
Factors Affecting Skin
Intrinsic Factor: An intrinsic factor that affects the skin is genetics.
Isotretinoin Treatment Timeline: At least six months of isotretinoin use must be completed before skin treatment.
Client Awareness: Before performing any service, estheticians must have a full awareness of the client's skin type.
Skin Type Differences: Differences in the T-zone from other areas of the face are characteristic of combination skin.
Erythema Definition: Erythema is defined as redness caused by inflammation.
Skin Examination Techniques
Skin Examination Method: Estheticians examine the skin through a form of touch called palpation.
Conditions and Skin Analysis
Keratosis: Excess buildup of cells is a condition called keratosis.
Seborrhea: Excess oil production causing redness, flakiness, and irritation is known as seborrhea.
Cyst Definition: Fluid, infection, or other matter encapsulated in a firm mass under the skin is a cyst.
Observation Tools: Fungi, bacterial disorders, and deeper levels of pigmentation are observed using a Wood's lamp.
Décolleté Skin Comparison: The skin of the décolleté shows aging more quickly than that of the face.
Skin Cell Buildup and Types
Hyperkeratinization: Defined as an excessive buildup of dead skin cells.
Milia Characteristics: Milia are hardened collections of oil and dead skin cells.
Beneficial Habit for Skin: Drinking plenty of water is beneficial for the skin.
Extrinsic Effect Example: Air quality is an example of something that has an extrinsic effect on the skin.
Hormonal Changes: Over a woman's lifetime, hormonal changes will affect her skin in various ways.
Fitzpatrick Skin Type 6: People with the darkest skin are classified as Fitzpatrick skin type 6.
Poor Elasticity Definition: Poor elasticity refers to skin laxity due to damage, sun exposure, and aging.
Vascular Conditions
Telangiectasia Definition: Redness and distended capillaries caused by a weakening of capillary walls.
Determining Skin Type: Skin type is first determined by observing the T-zone.
Facial Procedures and Practices
Solar Comedones: Large blackheads, usually around the eyes, due to sun exposure are known as solar comedones.
Sun Damage Definition: Sun damage is defined as UV damage to the epidermis and dermis.
T-Zone: The T-zone refers to the center of the face.
Décolleté Location: The décolleté is located at the lower neck and chest.
Best Diet for Skin: A balanced diet is best for the skin.
Skin Analysis Process
Final Step in Skin Analysis: The last step in a skin analysis is recording observations in the client's chart.
Fitzpatrick Skin Type 1: The lightest skin is classified as Fitzpatrick skin type 1.
Photosensitivity Condition: A medical condition that demonstrates an external, rather than internal, effect on the skin is known as photosensitivity.
Intake Form Purpose: The medical history of a client is noted on the intake form.
Most Difficult Skin to Treat: The most difficult type of skin to treat is Fitzpatrick skin type 4.
Consultation Importance: The most important reason for a client consultation is to determine the appropriate treatment for the client.
Normal Skin Characteristics: The skin type that has small follicle size is normal.
Hydration and Sensitivity
Hydration Similarity: The two skin types that have similar hydration levels are oily and normal.
Sensitive Skin Indications: The skin type that is often sensitive and shows redness is Fitzpatrick skin type 1.
Skin Follicles and Comedones
Dry Skin Follicle Characteristics: Follicles in dry skin are difficult to visualize.
Contraindications: Contraindications are factors that prohibit the use of certain products.
Open Comedones Definition: Open comedones are blackheads caused by a buildup of debris, oil, and dead skin cells.
Liability and Consent
Consent Form: The form that releases the esthetician from liability resulting from treatment is called a consent form.
Décolleté Treatments and Causes
Modern Conditions: Modern topical treatments for the décolleté have developed to treat conditions caused by cell phone use.
Telangiectasia Characteristics: A characteristic of telangiectasia includes broken capillaries.
External Skin Effects: A primary cause of an external effect on the skin is the misuse of products.
Chemical Peels and Progression
Chemical Peel Contraindication: A client should not have a chemical peel with a low pH if they use Retin-A.
Extraction Processes
Post-Extraction Steps: After extractions are performed, the next step is massage.
Long-term Client Relationships: The most effective method to develop a long-term retail relationship with a client is to recommend one or two products at first, based on the client’s primary concerns.
Product Preferences for Men
Men's Product Appeal: The type of products that will appeal to most men are those advertised as stress-reducing.
Facial Basics and Procedures
Cleanser Application: During a facial, cleanser should first be applied to the neck, with palms down.
Extraction Methods: The method of extraction that is not approved in some states involves lancet removal.
Cleanser Application Procedure
Correct Order for Cleanser: The correct order of final steps in applying cleanser during a facial are cheeks, nose, forehead.
Steamer Duration: The use of a steamer should take no longer than 10 minutes.
Express Facial: In an express facial, the most time-consuming procedure is exfoliation.
Extraction Timing: Comedones should be extracted with the side of the fingertip.
Facial Considerations for Clients
Client Preferences: Before a facial, dark-colored clothing should be removed if the client is comfortable.
Age Spot Appearance: Most age spots begin to appear in people who are in their fifties.
Home Care Discussion: After a client's first facial, a home care program should be discussed for about 15 minutes.
Final Step: The necessary final step in a facial is the application of moisturizer and sunscreen.
Consultation Elements: All of the following are part of a typical client consultation for a facial EXCEPT the client's personal relationships.
Desincrustation Technique: Desincrustation is used to treat blackheads.
Sheet Mask Application
Sheet Mask Procedure: The correct application of a sheet mask begins with the chin.
Home Care Program Importance: A successful skin care program depends the most on home care.
Lipstick Removal Pre-facial: The majority of lipstick should be removed prior to a facial using a dry tissue.
Client Exposure and Facial Techniques
Client Body Exposure: During a facial, the client’s thighs are not typically exposed.
Express Facial Components
Key Parts of Express Facial: The two most important parts of the express facial are cleansing and masking.
Hygiene and Cleanliness in Treatment Room
Hand Towel Use: Before a facial, the hand towel placed on the headrest should be wrapped around the client's head at the hairline and held in place with a disposable headband.
Incorporating Flow: An esthetician who incorporates flow in a facial massage demonstrates technical skills.
Prestigious Qualification: The most prestigious qualification for an esthetician is a CIDESCO diploma.
Acne Treatments
High Frequency Treatment: High frequency treatment for acne may be safely used with a client in perimenopause.
Sensitive Skin Treatments: An ideal treatment for sensitive skin will incorporate applications using fatty acids and low percentages of AHA.
Appointment Logistics
Client Arrival Time: Clients should be asked to arrive on the day of their facial appointment 15 minutes before the appointment time.
Pre-Extraction Step: Before extractions, estheticians must perform desincrustation.
Sebum Production
Sebum Production Timeline: Sebum production begins to slow in a person's forties.
Ending Extractions: The service of extractions ends with the forehead and upper cheekbones.
Cleansing Procedures
Express Facial Differences: Express facials might focus solely on the eye contour area.
Towel Use During Facial: During a facial, towels should be left on the skin for 2 minutes.
Consent and Cleaning Procedures
Facial Consistency: The one consistent part of every facial service is the signing of a consent form.
Cleanser Quantity: During a facial, cleanser should be applied using about a teaspoon of cleanser, applied directly to the face with gloved hands.
Skin Discoloration Treatment: Skin discoloration is treated with chemical exfoliants.
Benefits of Facial Treatments
Facial Treatment Benefits: All of the following are benefits of facial treatment EXCEPT diagnosis of cystic acne.
Analyzing Skin Timing: Analyzing the skin occurs immediately after the deep cleansing phase of the facial.
Basic Facials Duration: Most basic facials take about 60 minutes.
Best Cleanser for Combination Skin: For a client with combination skin, the best type of cleanser is mousse.
Aging Effects: The most changes in aging skin are caused by sunlight.
Acne Treatment Priority: The most important step in treating acne is the cleansing and removal of blemishes.
Client Appointment Scheduling: The next appointment with a client should be scheduled after the client has paid for the service.
Mask Duration: During a facial, a mask should typically be left on for 7-10 minutes.
Post-Acne Treatment Final Step: The last step in an acne treatment is performing a galvanic (or high-frequency) treatment.
Similar Treatment Goals: The two skin types which have the most similar treatment goals are dry skin and aging skin.
Steamer Distance: The steamer should be positioned about 18 inches away from the client.
Deep Cleansing Rule: A general rule for clients with acne is to focus on deep cleansing.
Post-Service Hygiene
Cleaning Supplies: After use, it is necessary to clean and sanitize blankets.
Last Function After Service: A technician who is finished with a service performs disinfecting the treatment area last.
Waste Container Requirements: Waste containers in treatment rooms must be closed and covered.
Hand Towel Minimum: In preparing a treatment room, a technician should have a minimum of 2 hand towels.
Disinfectant Usage and Safety Protocols
Log Requirements: Record on a dated log when the disinfectant is changed to comply with the manufacturer's directions and infection control regulations.
Implements Definition: Tools that perform services are known as implements.
Treatment Room Design Considerations
Design Considerations: When designing a treatment room, it must allow the esthetician to move comfortably in the space.
Cleaning Wet Brushes: After a service, wet brushes should be laid out to dry.
Supplies Storage: The name for the room where supplies are stored when they are not in the treatment room or at workstations is known as the dispensary.
Back and Shoulder Relief: An esthetician's back and shoulders will benefit the most from using a stool.
Supply Cart Name: The rolling cart that holds supplies is referred to as the trolley.
Single-use Supplies Preparation: Before a facial service, single-use supplies should be on a clean towel, arranged in the order of use.
Treatment Room Quality and Cleanliness
Room Cleanliness: The most important aspect of a treatment room is the room's cleanliness.
Stool Height Requirement: The esthetician's stool should be at waist height to the facial bed.
Ergonomics and Client Interaction
Ergonomics Between Clients: To maintain good ergonomics between clients, a busy esthetician should stretch and take deep breaths.
End of Day Responsibilities: At the end of the day, estheticians are responsible for disinfecting the doorknobs.
Client Assistance: A technician can best assist the client in the treatment room by explaining details about how to prepare for the procedure.
Efficiency Techniques: To increase efficiency, a technician should practice pre-and post-service techniques.
Esthetician Endurance: The endurance of an esthetician is best promoted by using stress balls during downtime.
Preparation for Treatment
Steamer Water Level: Before preheating, the steamer water level should be set slightly below the fill line.
Early Room Preparation: To prepare your treatment room, you should expect to arrive at least 30 minutes early.
Hair Management: Technicians should keep their hair pulled back to maintain cleanliness and comfort.
Sharps Handling: Sharps should be handled according to state and OSHA regulations.
Disinfectants Guidelines
Wet Disinfectants Usage: Wet disinfectants should be filled and changed according to manufacturer's instructions.
Supply Handling: After placing supplies on a clean and disinfected workstation, they should be covered with another towel.
Single-use Supplies Treatment: After use, single-use supplies must be disposed of in a covered waste receptacle.
Hand Washing Pre-table Prep: Before preparing the treatment table with fresh linen, the technician must wash hands.
Sterilization Equipment: To sterilize implements, a treatment room should have an autoclave.
Key Treatment Room Considerations
Key Consideration: The most important thing when furnishing a treatment room is health and safety.
Facial Stations
Non-Private Treatment Area: A treatment area that does not require privacy is referred to as a facial station.
Nail Shortness Requirement: An esthetician's nails must be kept short to maintain professionalism and hygiene.
Supply Cart Location: A technician's supply cart should be located as close to the table as possible.
Electrical Outlet Requirement: A treatment room should have a minimum of four separate electrical outlets.
Gloves Usage: To prevent contamination and protect hands, gloves should be worn for all procedures.
Post-Service Procedures
Soiled Linens Management: After a service, soiled linens should be rolled inward to prevent contamination.
Ambiance Settings: The ambiance of a spa should be set up to help clients relax.
Daily Starts: A technician’s day typically begins with checking the client schedule.
Treatment Room Options: It is optional to have a UV sanitizer in a treatment room.
Robe Use: Preparing a facial bar typically does not require the use of a robe.
Treatment Room Design Requirements
Flooring Specifications: A treatment room must not have carpeted floors.
Hand Position During Facial: During a facial treatment, the technician's hands should be maintained below chest level.
SDS and Waste Management
SDSs Definition: SDSs are information forms regarding products.
Disposable Lancets Disposal: After a service, disposable lancets must be placed in a sharps disposal container.
Towel Preparation: Towels should be wet before putting them in the towel warmer.
Disposal and Equipment Care
Post-Service Disposal: After a service, personal service towels (PST) may be disposed of.
Towel Warmer Preheating Time: Preheating a towel warmer and wax heater can take as long as 15 minutes.
Equipment Shutdown Procedures: Equipment should be left switched off and unplugged at the end of the day.
Facial bar Activities: At a facial bar, an esthetician may perform services that include sheet masks.
Post-Consultation Actions
Post-Consultation Recording: After completing the post-consultation with a client, the esthetician should record client chart notes and write up retail sales.
Massage Timing: A facial massage should begin on the face or décolleté, as it can start in various areas.
Massage Repetition: A massage movement should be repeated between 3-6 times.
Feathering Technique
Feathering Technique Start: After feathering, the esthetician's hands should first make contact with the client on the side of the face.
Client's Back Restrictions: An esthetician would typically not massage a client's back.
Massage Area Regulations: Any esthetician may safely perform massage in any area allowed by state regulations.
Massage Techniques
Feathering Technique Definition: The technique known as feathering is utilized just before lifting hands from the client's face.
Acupressure Background: The type of massage therapy developed within Chinese medicine is referred to as acupressure.
Benefits of Facial Massage: Clients with dry skin would benefit most from herbal and cream-based massage products.
Effects of Massage on Skin
Facial Massage and Sebum: Facial massage has a softening effect on sebum.
Product Quantity for Massage: During a facial massage, the ideal product amount is around 1 teaspoon (5 ml).
Massage Duration: During a facial treatment, the massage portion usually takes 10-20 minutes.
Ideal Massage Music: The ideal music during a massage has no lyrics.
Effleurage Technique Usage: Effleurage on the face is performed with the cushions of the fingertips.
Client Communication During Massage
Explain Deep Massage Caution: Estheticians should explain that deep massage can be too rough for facial skin.
Massage Contraindications: Facial massage is contraindicated for clients with contagious illnesses.
Massage Consideration for Windburned Clients: Facial massage would likely be contraindicated for clients who have sunburned skin.
Acne and Massage Techniques: An esthetician should avoid performing massage in areas with pustular breakouts.
Massage Techniques and Flow
Neck Massage Direction: Massage movements on the neck should follow the flow of the jugular veins downward.
Effective Vibration Use: Vibration should be used sparingly for effectiveness.
Alternative Techniques: If European-style massage is not viable, an acceptable alternative might include acupuncture.
Pétrissage Technique Follow-up
Follow-up Techniques: If an esthetician performs pétrissage three times on the left neck side, they should also perform the same on the right side.
Various Massage Techniques
Swedish Massage Forms: In classic Swedish massage, there are five distinct forms of hand manipulation.
Manual Lymph Drainage Use: Manual lymph drainage is most frequently used after surgical procedures.
Lymph Drainage Purpose: The main purpose of manual lymph drainage is to promote mental relaxation.
Historical Context of Massage: Massage has been utilized as medicinal practices since ancient times.
Self-Worth and Massage: While massage has many benefits, it does not increase a client’s self-worth.
Skin Effects of Massage: Massage affects the skin by not decreasing circulation as some might assume.
Neurotransmitter Production: Massage elevates the production of neurotransmitters such as cortisol and dopamine.
Conversational Approach: The best kind of conversation during massage involves attentive listening without interruptions.
Techniques and Purification
Circular Friction Movements: The lightest circular friction movements are generally employed on the face and scalp.
Vibration Technique: The massage technique that invigorates circulation is known as vibration.
Aromatherapy and Specialized Techniques
Aromatherapy: The massage therapy that relies on essential oils is referred to as aromatherapy massage.
Shiatsu Definition: The technique developed in Japan utilizing pressure points for relaxation is called shiatsu.
Manual Lymphatic Practices
Lymphatic Drainage State Regulations: The technique of manual lymphatic drainage is sometimes reserved solely for master estheticians in certain states.
Post-Massage Care and Timing
Return to Normal Shape: During an elasticity test, a client's skin with good elasticity should immediately return to its normal shape.
Combined Treatment Goals: Treatments for mature skin are often similar to those intended for dry skin.
Vasoconstriction Aids: Cool towels aid in vasoconstricting properties for skin care treatment.
Acne Treatment Specifics
Removal of Comedones: The primary difference between removing open and closed comedones is that closed comedones require making an opening.
Mask Functions: Masks serve multiple purposes for the skin; they can draw impurities from pores while also tightening, toning, and hydrating the skin.
Essential Skills for Facials: Exceptional skills needed for performing facials include impeccable customer service, proper communication skills, product knowledge, understanding skin history, and knowledge about contraindications to treatments.
Post-Facial Client Care
Post-Facial Recommendations: After completing a facial service, clients should be offered a drink, informed about aftercare, products recommended for home use, and scheduled for their next appointment.
Basic Facial Steps
Basic Facial Steps Overview: Steps to perform a basic facial include cleansing, moisturizing, extractions, and massage.
Key Interaction Elements: Key elements to client interaction revolve around client comfort and effective communication.
Retail Recommendations
Starting Retail Recommendations: When recommending home care products, start with essentials such as cleanser and hydrating lotion (moisturizer).
Mini Facial Adjustments: Steps that can be omitted in a mini facial include steam, massage, and extractions.
Dry Skin Causes and Treatments
Dry Skin Causes: Skin may become dry due to underactive sebaceous glands.
Moisturizing Products Requirement: Essential products for dry skin include rich moisturizers.
Elasticity Testing and Observations
Elasticity Test Results: During an elasticity test, skin that quickly returns to normal indicates good elasticity.
Nutrients and Their Skin Impact
Antioxidants Impact on Skin: Sun-damaged skin benefits from antioxidants delivered both topically and orally.
Dairy Effect on Skin: Dairy consumption can make it more challenging for dead skin cells to clear out.
Treatment and Recommendations
Benzoyl Peroxide Effect on Acne: It treats acne by releasing free radical oxygen that kills bacteria.
Men's Skincare Product Recommendations: When applying products to a man's face, sponges are often recommended for application.
Pseudofolliculitis: Known as razor bumps, which typically occur on the skin of men after shaving.
Client Age and Skin Changes
UV Exposure Age Groups: Clients with age spots and early signs of parallel smile lines generally fall into Group 2 for UV exposure.
Mature Skin Treatments: Treatments for mature skin are similar to those for dry skin due to shared characteristics.
Infection Control During Extractions: Use the autoclave to manage infection control during extractions.
Manual Extraction Techniques: Manual extraction methods are most commonly used during treatment.
Milia Characteristics and Treatments
Milia Location: Milia are typically not found on the chin due to different skin structures.
Skin Analysis and Disincrustation Techniques
Disincrustation Timing: It is performed before extractions during an acne facial.
Importance of Astringent Post-Extractions: Applying astringent is critical post-extractions as it helps cleanse skin, limits the risk of re-infection, and rehydrates the skin.
Acne Facial Moisturizers
Moisturizer Type for Acne Facial: A mattifying moisturizer is recommended for an acne facial.
Cleansing Products for Various Skin Types
Mousse Cleanser Use: Mousse cleanser is best suited for combination skin types.
Client Comfort Tools and Treatments
Bolster Placement: Bolsters are generally placed under the client's knees for comfort during facial treatments.