GCSE Geography Paper 3 Review

Exam Paper: GCSE Geography Paper 3 Geographical Applications (8035/3).
Exam Date: Friday 14 June 2024, Morning.
Total Marks: The total number of marks available for the paper is $76$ .
Time Allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes.
Required Materials:
- Pre-release resources booklet.
- Ordnance Survey (OS) key insert.
- Pencil, rubber, and ruler.
- Calculators are permitted.
Key Country Classifications:
- HIC: Higher income country.
- LIC: Lower income country.
- NEE: Newly emerging economy.
Assessment Criteria: Spelling, punctuation, grammar (SPaG), and specialist terminology are specifically assessed in Questions 03 and 05.4.

Housing Demand vs. Supply (2018): The National Housing Federation (NHF) identified a housing demand figure of $340,000$ homes. Students must calculate the difference between this figure and the actual new housing supply in 2018 based on Figure 1 in the resources booklet.
Economic Relationships: Analysis is required regarding the relationship between average house prices and average household income in England as of 2019.
Brownfield Development:
- Definition: Development on land that was previously used for industrial or commercial purposes.
- Application: Investigation into how brownfield development can facilitate the regeneration of urban areas.
Urban Sprawl:
- Definition: The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas.
- Environmental Impact: Identification of two ways urban sprawl can damage the natural environment.
Holistic Housing Challenge: Discussion point based on the statement that the housing challenge in England entails more than just the numerical increase of houses (building more homes).

Cartographic Analysis (OS Map Skills):
- Directional Orientation: Determining the direction of Paddock Wood from the proposed Tudeley Village development.
- Distance Calculation: Measuring the approximate straight-line distance between Tonbridge railway station and the proposed Tudeley Village railway station.
Physical Geography of the Site:
- Relief: Description of the land's height and shape in the area north of the Tonbridge to Paddock Wood railway line.
- Drainage: Description of the water features and how water moves through the landscape in the same area.
Social Attraction Factors: Identification of reasons why individuals might be attracted to live in Tudeley Village (e.g., location, amenities, transport links).
Sustainability Assessment: Evaluation of the extent to which Tudeley Village constitutes a sustainable settlement. This requires integrating evidence from multiple perspectives in the resources booklet (e.g., environmental impact, economic viability, and social equity).

Hypothesis: “The cost of fares is the most important factor in encouraging the use of local bus services.”
Interviews and Data Collection: A sample of $50$ people was interviewed regarding aspects of the local bus service.
Data Results (Figure 4):
- Cost of Fares: $16$ Very poor, $21$ Poor, $13$ Reasonable, $0$ Good, $0$ Very good.
- Availability: $7$ Very poor, $25$ Poor, $13$ Reasonable, $5$ Good, $0$ Very good.
- Punctuality: $16$ Very poor, $13$ Poor, $17$ Reasonable, $4$ Good, $0$ Very good.
- Cleanliness: $0$ Very poor, $8$ Poor, $29$ Reasonable, $9$ Good, $4$ Very good.
Frequency Incentives: When asked what would encourage more frequent use:
- Cheaper fares: $23$ people.
- Increased frequency: $14$ people.
- Shorter journey times: $11$ people.
- Increased parking charges: $2$ people.
Data Presentation: Identification of appropriate alternative methods to present categorical frequency data, such as a divided bar chart.

Inquiry Question: “Do modern business parks have a higher environmental quality than older industrial estates?”
Functional Differences (Figure 5):
- Old Industrial Estate Functions: Street parking, car repairs/spraying, metal workshop, sand/gravel distribution, oil/coal distribution centre, parcel distribution centre, wood workshop, furniture retailer.
- Business Park Functions: Landscaped car parks, gym, computer services/repairs, business finance centre, design centre, car parts distribution warehouse, business call centre, secure storage facility.
Environmental Quality Survey Scoring: Areas scored on a scale of $0$ (Very poor) to $5$ (Good quality).
- Old Industrial Estate Scores: Attractiveness ( $2$ ), Maintenance ( $2$ ), Litter/waste ( $2$ ), Vandalism/graffiti ( $3$ ), Water/ground pollution ( $2$ ), Landscaping ( $1$ ). Total Score = $12$ . Mean Score = $2$ .
- Business Park Scores: Attractiveness ( $4$ ), Maintenance ( $4$ ), Litter/waste ( $4$ ), Vandalism/graffiti ( $3$ ), Water/ground pollution ( $4$ ), Landscaping ( $5$ ).

Hypothesis: “The velocity (speed) of a river increases downstream.”
Methodology:
- Three sites (A: Upstream, B: Middle, C: Downstream) separated by $1$ km each.
- Measuring the time for a ball to travel $10$ m, repeated $5$ times per site.
Raw Data - Time (seconds) for 10m:
- Site A: $26$ , $24$ , $22$ , $24$ , $25$ .
- Site B: $22$ , $23$ , $18$ , $20$ , $24$ .
- Site C: $20$ , $18$ , $20$ , $18$ , $19$ .
Calculation Formula: $\text{Average velocity (metres per second)} = \frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Average time taken}}$
Analysis: Evaluation of the extent to which the data supports the hypothesis, including use of a dispersion graph for data representation.

Risk Assessment: Requirement to outline one reason why completing a risk assessment is fundamental to geographical enquiry planning (e.g., identifying hazards, assessing likelihood of harm, and determining control measures).
Data Presentation Justification: Justification for the use of specific techniques (e.g., graphs, maps) utilized in the student's personal human geography fieldwork.
Methodology Assessment: Assessment of the effectiveness of data collection methods used in the student's personal physical geography enquiry.
Conclusion Evaluation: A reflective assessment (9 marks + 3 SPaG) on the extent to which fieldwork results and conclusions successfully answered the original enquiry question or hypothesis.