Prokaryotes

Prokaryotic - no nucleus

Eukaryotic - Nucleus

Autotrophic - makes own food

heterotrophic - cannot make own food

Domain Bacteria

• single celled and lack nucleus

• binary fission allow them to reproduce very fast (Sextillions(10^24)

• Colonies use cell signaling to communicate

• can be autotrophs and heterotrophs

Bacteria come in many different morphologies (shapes)

• Spherical (Cocci)

• Rod-shaped (bacillus)

• spiral (spirochetes)

Some use flagellum to move

30 major groups

• Pathogenic bacteria cause harmful things, food poisoning, strep, gonorrhea, leprosy tuberculosis

• most harmful bacteria secrete toxin in victims cells

• antibiotics kill bacteria and not human cells

  Majority of bacteria are helpful (mutualistic)

  • essential for digestive system & immune health

  • bacteria works as nutrient recyclers

  • bacteria can help animals such as bobtail squid w/ bioluminescence

Domain Archaea (discovered by Wosse)

• single celled, no nucleus

• closer to eukarya domain then bacteria

• most live in extreme habitats

Viruses are not prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

• scientist categorize as invade of living thing, and NOT LIVING

• not made of true cells and lack cellular organization

Bacteriophages

• viruses that invade bacteria, cannot invade Eukaryotic cells

• insert DNA, can either destroy bacterial cells, or use to continue reproducers

• could become important

Antibodies - proteins made by the body for specific viruses. (limit infection and alert rest of immune system to eliminate viruses)

Immune memory - once exposed to pathogen, body has cells that recognize the pathogen and are ready to fight it off by making antibodies if exposed again

immunization - vaccines cause your body to start immune response (same way if you were exposed, but safer means of exposure) (Gains memory)