Eukaryotes

Eukaryotes:

• Cell morphologies: many times, many forms, many things

• Structurally complex

• Multicellular

• Membrane bound organelles

• Outside:

  • Flagella: locomotion, bundled microtubules

  • Cilia: completely covers cell, similar to fimbria in prokaryote

  • Eukaryotic glycocalyx: protection and adhesion (mesh around cell)

  • Cell wall: provide support

  • Cytoplasmic membrane: phospholipid bilayer, steroids provide support, selectively permeable membrane

• Inside:

  • Cytoplasm: contents of cell

  • Cytoskeleton: maintain shape (actin filament-structure, intermediate filament-support nuclear envelope, microtubes-vesicle and cargo transport in cell)

• Endomembrane system: 

  • Nucleus: stores DNA, chromatin protects the DNA

    • Nucleolus: ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

  • Endoplasmic reticulum: 

    • Rough: covered in ribosomes, makes proteins

    • Smooth: lipids made, build gap

  • Golgi apparatus: post office of cell

  • Lysosomes: break down unnecessary things

  • Vesicles: smaller, store and transport

  • Vacuoles: sore nutrient for plants

  • Mitochondria: ATP, breakdown glucose

  • Chloroplasis: in plants, green membrane, double membrane