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Introduction/ Ch:1 Ethics CLASS Notes

Introductions to Ethics

  • What does the tree represent?

    • The discipline of philosophy.

  • What are the four branches?

    • Ethics

    • metaphysics

    • Epistemology

    • Aesthetics

  • What branch does this book focus on?

    • Ethics

  • What ought the tree to be rooted in?

    • The word of God

  • What might the sun, which is essential for growth, represent? What might the stained glass outline allude to?

    • God: point to God’s glory in worship

  • What are three key elements in the works of ethics? To what must these elements be applied?

    • Acts (principle)

    • Agents (people)

    • Ends (ultimate goal)

    • To be applied to situations

  • Defining Ethics

    • Ethics — the branch of philosophy that study how men ought to live.

      • Ethics concerns itself determining what is right and what is wrong.

    • Christian Ethics — seeks to determine how man ought to live in particular circumstances through studying God’s word, discerning God’s creational norm.

    • Creational norms — the design of God’s created order (the way things ought to be) translated into divine laws that govern the way human individuals and cultures ought to operate.

  • Key Elements in a Christian Ethical System

    • Acts (acts that conform to God’s Word)

    • Agents (individuals who exemplify virtues and have certain motives

    • Ends

  • Three Key Relationships

    1. Worldview

    2. Philosophy

    3. World Religions

  • Relating Ethics to a Biblical Worldview

    • What do ethical systems reflect?

      • A worldview; ethical systems come out from and reflect worldview commitments.

  • 3 Key Ingredients of a Worldview

    • Metanarrative - an overarching account or interpretation of events and circumstances that provides a pattern or structure for people’s beliefs and gives meaning to their experiences,

    • Beliefs and values

    • Personal group behavior

  • 5 Recurring Biblical Worldview Themes

    1. Authority — There is only one God who made all things

    2. Creational Order — God not only created the physical universe, but moral norms.

    3. Man’s chief end — God created mankind to glorify and enjoy Him forever

    4. Virtue — God’s goal for us is to do the right thing and become the right kind

    5. Wisdom — the ability to discern creational norms, communicate them to others, and live by them.

  • Relating Ethics to Philosophy

    • 4 main branches of philosophy

      • metaphysics — relates to reality

      • Epistemology — relates to the truth, studies the nature of knowledge

      • Ethics — morality

      • Aesthetics — beauty, the systematic study of what is morally right and wrong, good or bad, in behavior and decision making

  • Reality — God is the eternal source, universe is ordered and purposeful

  • knowledge — Truth is objective and grounded in God’s nature; Reasons senses and revelation work together.

  • Relating Ethics to Philosophy pt.2

  • What does philosophy use to answer questions about the meaning of life and how to live in the world?

    • Human reason

  • One of the problems with secular philosophy is the inability to explain what 3 things apart from God’s revelation?

    • truth

    • reality

    • morality

  • How does ethics relate to philosophy?

    • each philosophical tradition has its own version of an ethical system

  • How do world religions affect the ethics that develop downstream from religious beliefs and traditions?

    • The teachings and practices of religions influence ethical behavior in ethical society

  • What role does Scripture play in forming the ethics of Biblical Christians?

    • Scripture informs religious practices

  • Personal Benefits to studying Ethics

    • Expanding your knowledge

    • Growing Spiritually

    • Improving Your Testimony

  • Your Personal Growth

    • What must Christians Pursue?

      • Spiritual Growth

      • Growth in Spiritual Works

      • And knowledge adding virtues to their faith

    • How Does personal Spirit Grow?

      • Personal spiritual growth relates to ethical decision making in everyday life. It also is involved in responding rightly to ethical issues in the future.

    • Christians Testimony

      • Why is it important to develop an ethical character and behavior as a testimony to a watching world

        • Poor ethical character and behavior in the lives of professing Christians undermines a Christian Witness

        • Stellar ethical character and behavior, through leading to persecution at times, will allow opportunities for greater witness to others.

CHPATER 1

Right Approach to Studying Ethics

  • 5 keys to studying Bible ethics

  1. Prayer

  2. Humility

  3. Reason

  4. Effort

  5. Praise

Prayer - Seeking God’s Guidance

  • We cannot know right from wrong apart from God’s wisdom

  • James 1:5

  • Philippians 4:6

  • Through prayer, we admit that we depend on God, not ourselves

  • Application: Begin every study of ethics with prayer, asking Spirit of God to open our understanding. 

Humility - Submitting to God’s authority

  • Pride blinds us to truth; humility makes us teachable

  • Proverbs 11:2 

  • Micah 6:8

  • We must let God’s Word correct us, even when it is uncomfortable

  • Application: Come to Scripture not to prove yourself right, but to let God show you where you must change.

Reason - using God - given minds

  • God call us to love Him with our whole being, including our minds

  • Mathew 22:27 

  • Isaiah 1:18

  • Bible ethics requires careful thought: comparing scripture with scripture, understanding context, and applying principles

  • Application: Think deeply – don't just accept easy answers. Let God shape your reasoning by His Word.

Effort - Diligent Study and Obedience

  • True study requires work and perseverance

  • 2 Timothy 2:15

  • James 1:22

  • Ethics is not just knowing, but doing. Obedience takes effort and discipline

  • Application: Work hard in study and in applying what you learn, even when it is difficult or unpopular.

Praise - glorifying God through study and living

  • The ultimate goal of the Bible ethics is not just moral behavior- it is glorifying God

  • 1 Corinthians 10 :31

  • Psalm 119:7

  • When we learn the truth, our response should be worship and thanksgiving.

  • Application: Every study session should end in praise, thanking God for His truth and asking Him for strength to live it out.

Ch:1 Ethics

What is the foundation of ethics?


Do you agree with Love is Love?

NO!!!!

  • Love isn't abstract or unknowable

  • Love has a source, just like every other virtue


Attribute of God

  • Who gets to define what holiness, love, goodness, righteousness, and trustworthiness are and mean?

 - God, because He is the creator and Perfect Practitioner- 

-  What does attributes of God mean?

             - The distinct characteristics that define the nature of God


Holiness of God

Definition: Holiness means God is completely set apart, pure, and perfect. He is separate from all sin and entirely devoted to His own glory.

Key Verses: 

  • Isaiah 6:3

  • Leviticus 11:44

Application: God’s holiness demands that His people also live holy lives (1 Peter 1:15-16)

Holiness reveals His absolute purity and majesty.


Love of God

Definition: God’s Love is His eternal, self giving nature. His love is not based on what we do, but flows from who He is.

Key Verses: 

  • 1 John 4:8 

  • Romans 5:8

Application: God’s love is sacrificial, unconditional, and personal. It compels us to love Him and others (John 13:34). 


Goodness of God

Definition: God’s goodness means that everything He does it right, kind, and beneficial. His very nature is benevolent.

  • Key verses

  • Psalms 34:8

  • Nahum 1:7

Application: God’s goodness assures us of His kindness even in trials. It invited us to trust Him fully and rest in His care.




Righteousness of God

Definition: Means that God always acts in perfect justice, uprightness, and in accordance with His holy Law. He cannot sin or do wrong. 

  • Key verses

  • Psalms 145:17

  • Deuteronomy 32:4

  • Application: God’s righteousness guarantees that He will always do what is fair and just.


Trustworthiness of God

Definition: Trustworthiness means God is faithful, and reliable. He always keeps His promises and can never fail His people.

Key verses:

  • Numbers 23:19

  • Lamentations 3:22-23

Application: Because God is trustworthy, we can rest our faith on His Word and promises, knowing He will never change or abandon us (Hebrews 13:5).

8/21/25

Creational Norms

Definition: Creational norms are the God-given patterns, laws, and purposes woven into creation from the very beginning.

  • Examples of Creational Norms in Genesis 1-2 🇦

    • Order and goodness — God creates in an orderly purposeful way (Genesis 1:1-31)

    • Work and Rest — Humanity is called to cultivate and keep the earth (Genesis. 2:15; Exodus. 20:8-11)

    • Marriage and Family — God creates male and female, blessing them with fruitful multiplication.

    • Stewardship of Creation — Man rules over the creatures as God’s steward(Gen. 1:28).

    • Moral Boundaries — The tree of the knowledge of good and evil teaches that God alone defines good and evil (Gen. 2:16-17)

  • Why do creational norms matter?

    • They reveal God’s design for human flourishing.

    • They provide stability: ethics is not based on cultural trends, but on God’s unchanging order.

    • They shows us that morality is not arbitrary—it is creational.

    • Romans 1:20-21 teaches that God’s truth is revealed in creation, yet suppressed by sinners.

  • How do we discover creational norms?

    • Through Creation: Observing the way the world is structured (Psalm 19:1-4)

    • Through Scripture: God’s Word interprets creation rightly and guards against distortion (Psalm 119:105).

    • Through Conscience: Humanity bears God’s law written on the heart (Romans 2:14-15).

  • The fear of the Lord in Ethics

    • Proverbs 1:7 Without the fear of the Lord, human reasoning about ethics becomes distorted.

    • Difference the fear of the Lord Makes

    • Illumination— We see God’s design clearly rather than suppressing it.

    • Direction — our hearts desire to align with God’s order

    • Correction — When sin distorts creation’s norms, God’s Word restores right vision

    • Transformation — Ethics becomes worship; obedience flows from reverence (Eccl. 12:13)

The Problem of Ethics without the Spirit

  • Human wisdom is limited

    • Proverbs 14:12

  • The weakness of the flesh

    • Romans 7:18

    • Even when people know what is good, they lack the power to do it consistently.

Spirit as the source of Christian Ethics

  • The Spirit gives new life

    • John 3:6

    • True ethics begins with a transformed heart

  • The Spirit writes God’s law within

    • Ezekiel 36:26-27

    • Ethics is not just rules outside of us, but God’s Spirit working inside us.

  • The Spirit produces fruit

    • Galatians 5:22-23

    • Christian ethics is not just about avoiding wrong, but cultivating Christlike character.

Spirits role in Guiding decisions

  • Illumination of God’s Word

    • John 16:13

    • Ethics is not guesswork; the Spirit helps us rightly apply scripture

  • Conviction of sin and righteousness

    • John 16:8

    • He tenderizes our conscience to align with God’s standards.

  • Empowerment to obey

    • Romans 8:13-14

    • Without the Spirit, ethics is law without power; with the Spirit, it is grace with strength.

Differences the Spirit makes

  • Motivation changes

    • Fleshly motivation: fear of punishment, desire for reputation

    • Spiritual motivation: love for God (2 Cor. 5:14)

  • Standard change

    • Worldly ethics: “What is acceptable”

      • Spirit - led ethics: “What pleases the Lord?”

  • Results change

    • Works of the flesh lead to conflict, corruption, and pride.

    • Fruit of the Spirit leads to harmony, holiness, and humility.

  • Image of God in Creation

    • Genesis 1:26-27

    • Humility is uniquely created in Gods image

    • This means we reflect God in:

      • Rationality: Ability to think, reason, and know truth

      • Relationality: Created for fellowship with God and one another

      • Morality: Capacity to discern right from wrong

      • Rule: Given dominion to steward creation under God

    • Creational Norms:

    • Every human being possesses inherent dignity, worth, and moral responsibility because they are God’s image

  • Image of God in Ethics

    • Because humans bear God’s image, biblical ethics is not just about rules but about reflecting God’s character in our lives.

    • Ethics flows from identity: who we are in relation to God shapes how we act.

  • Examples from Scripture

    • Murder is wrong - Genesis 9:6

      • Taking life is forbidden because humans reflect Gods image

    • Love for Neighbor - James 3:9

      • Our speech must honor others because we represent Gods likeness

    • Christ’s redemption restores the image - Colossians 3:10

  • Image of God and Creational Norms

    • Creational Norms +God’s design principles put into creation

    • The image of God is the key norm that grounds

    • Human dignity: all people deserve respect (no partiality, racism, exploitation)

    • Marriage and family: male and female created in Gods image

    • Work and stewardship: God created the world in six days and rested the 7th.

    • Harmony and Peace: Pervaded all creation; violence, vandalism, irresponsible pollution and unjust wars are all contrary to God’s design.

  • Implications

    • Sanctity of Life: abortion, euthanasia, and murder devolve God’s image

    • Equality: Every person has worth

    • Speech and Conduct: Gossip, slander, and racism and hatred are sins.

    • Mission: We are called to reflect Christ

Terms to Remember:

Ethics:

Christians Ethics

Creational Norms

Image of God in Man

Essay #1: Identify 5 major worldview themes

Essay #2 : Suppose that a society has never heard of the Bible. Is such a society accountable to a Biblical ethic. Would it be right for Christians to try to change the culture of such a society? PROVIDE SCRIPTURE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!