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NABA_Sound recording_Lesson 3

Recorders Overview

  • Recorders are devices designed to capture sound and play it back later.

  • They connect to one or more microphones to record sound signals.

  • The recorded signals are stored on a memory support, which is typically digital today, but can also be analogue.

Components of a Recorder

  • Inputs: Accept signals from various sources like microphones and instruments.

  • Outputs: Send signals to external devices. Types include XLR, Jack, TA3, combo, etc.

  • Pre amplifiers: Amplify incoming signals and are adjustable via gain controls.

  • Headphone amplifier: Allows monitoring of audio playback.

  • Converters: Convert analog signals to digital or vice versa.

  • Mixers: Manage signal paths and levels before or after recording.

  • Limiter: Prevents audio signals from exceeding a predefined amplitude threshold.

  • Memory support: Storage where recorded audio is saved.

  • Batteries: Power source for portable recorders.

  • Control panel: Interface to control recorder functions and settings.

Inputs and Outputs

  • Connectors on recorders can accept signals from microphones, instruments, and receivers.

  • Output connectors send signals to other devices, accommodating different connector types.

Preamplifiers

  • Amplify weak signals from microphones.

  • Too much gain can introduce background noise, especially in high gain situations.

Mixers in Recorders

  • Mixers allow sound engineers to control the path and volume of input signals.

  • Includes features for routing, processing, and managing audio tracks.

Signal Processing

  • Equalizers: Modify audio frequencies; common filters include high pass filters that cut low frequencies.

  • Compressor/Limiter: Manage dynamic range and prevent distortion in loud audio.

Control Panel Functionality

  • Modern recorders feature screens for managing levels and accessing functions like:

    • Naming files

    • Activating phantom power for microphones

    • Managing audio routing and recording formats

    • Arming tracks for recording

Steps to Record

  1. Connect microphones (check for phantom power for condenser mics).

  2. Select storage location and filename.

  3. Arm the track for recording.

  4. Set microphone gain.

  5. Press record button to start capturing audio.

Metering

  • Meters display signal levels visually, showing:

    • Peak Level: Represents instant sound wave peaks.

    • RMS Level: Represents average sound level, important for consistent audio quality.

Equipment Check

  • Always verify that all recording equipment (microphones, cables, recorders) is functional prior to use.