On the periodic table where are the metals and the non-metals found?
Metals to the left of the stepped line, non-metals to the right
What are the typical properties of a non-metal?
Brittle, poor conductors of heat and electricity, can be solids, liquids or gases, dull
What are the typical properties of a metal?
Good conductors of heat and electricity; ductile, malleable, shiny, usually solids (except mercury); high melting and boiling points
What is a group in a periodic table?
A column on the periodic table
What is a period on the periodic table?
A row on the periodic table
What are the names and symbols of the elements in group 1?
Li- lithium; Na - sodium; K - Potassium; Rb - Rubidium; Cs - Caesium
What is another name for group 1?
The alkali metals
Describe the observations when lithium is added to water
Fizzing, moves slowly across the surface, floats
Describe the observations when sodium is added to water
Melts into a ball, fizzes, moves quickly across the surface of the water, floats
Describe the observations when potassium is added to water
Lots of fizzing, lilac/purple flame; melts into a ball, moves quickly across the surface, floats
Which gas is produced when a group 1 metal reacts with water?
Hydrogen
What is the test for this gas?
1. bring a lit splint near the gas 2. it burns with a squeaky pop
What is the word equation for Lithium + water?
Lithium + water -> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen
As you go down group 1 what happens to the reactivity of the elements?
The elements become MORE reactive
What is another name for group 7?
The halogens
What are the names and symbols of group 7 elements?
F- Fluorine, Cl - Chlorine; Br- Bromine; I - Iodine; At - Astatine
As you go down group 7 – what happens to the reactivity of the elements?
The elements get LESS reactive
What is a displacement reaction?
When a more reactive element pushes out a less reactive element from its compound
What are the colours and states of the group 7 elements: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine at room temperature
What colour is bromine when it is dissolved in water?
Orange
What colour is iodine when it is dissolved in water?
Brown
What are the state symbols and what do they mean?
(s) = solid; (g)=gas ; (l) = liquid; (aq)= dissolved in water
What is important about the group 0 elements?
They are inert (unreactive)
What does inert mean?
Unreactive
What happens in this reaction and why? Lithium bromide + chlorine -> ?
Displacement occurs - chlorine pushes out the bromide
Lithium bromide + chlorine -> Lithium chloride + bromine
The solution will turn brown because the bromine is pushed out
What is the definition of sublimation?
When a substance changes from a solid to a gas. When iodine is heated it sublimes.