Making Salts
- A salt is formed when an acid reacts with a base or alkali.
- The first part of the salt's name comes from the metal in the base or alkali.
- The second part of the salt's name comes from the acid.
- Example: Potassium sulphate
- Potassium comes from potassium hydroxide.
- Sulphate comes from sulphuric acid.
- Word equation example:
- potassium hydroxide + sulphuric acid \rightarrow potassium sulphate + water
- Different salts are made from different acids.
Making Salts: Word Equations
- Key concept: Writing word equations for neutralisation reactions.
- Key concept: Determining the salt produced from a specific acid and base or alkali.
- Important relationships:
- Chlorides are made from hydrochloric acid.
- Sulphates are made from sulphuric acid.
- Nitrates are made from nitric acid.
Practice Word Equations
- Potassium hydroxide reacting with sulphuric acid:
- potassium hydroxide + sulphuric acid \rightarrow potassium sulphate + water
- Potassium hydroxide reacting with nitric acid:
- potassium hydroxide + nitric acid \rightarrow potassium nitrate + water
- Potassium hydroxide reacting with hydrochloric acid:
- potassium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid \rightarrow potassium chloride + water
- Calcium hydroxide reacting with hydrochloric acid:
- calcium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid \rightarrow calcium chloride + water
- Magnesium oxide reacting with hydrochloric acid:
- magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid \rightarrow magnesium chloride + water
- Calcium hydroxide reacting with sulphuric acid:
- calcium hydroxide + sulphuric acid \rightarrow calcium sulphate + water