Making Salts

Salt Formation

• A salt is formed when an acid reacts with a base or alkali.

• The first part of the salt's name comes from the metal in the base or alkali.

• The second part of the salt's name comes from the acid.

  • Example: Potassium sulphate

    • Potassium comes from potassium hydroxide.

    • Sulphate comes from sulphuric acid.

• Word equation example:

  • potassium hydroxide + sulphuric acid $\rightarrow$$$ \rightarrow $$ potassium sulphate + water

• Different salts are made from different acids.

Making Salts: Word Equations

• Key concept: Writing word equations for neutralisation reactions.

• Key concept: Determining the salt produced from a specific acid and base or alkali.

• Important relationships:

  • Chlorides are made from hydrochloric acid.

  • Sulphates are made from sulphuric acid.

  • Nitrates are made from nitric acid.

Practice Word Equations

• Potassium hydroxide reacting with sulphuric acid:

  • potassium hydroxide + sulphuric acid $\rightarrow$$$ \rightarrow $$ potassium sulphate + water

• Potassium hydroxide reacting with nitric acid:

  • potassium hydroxide + nitric acid $\rightarrow$$$ \rightarrow $$ potassium nitrate + water

• Potassium hydroxide reacting with hydrochloric acid:

  • potassium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid $\rightarrow$$$ \rightarrow $$ potassium chloride + water

• Calcium hydroxide reacting with hydrochloric acid:

  • calcium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid $\rightarrow$$$ \rightarrow $$ calcium chloride + water

• Magnesium oxide reacting with hydrochloric acid:

  • magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid $\rightarrow$$$ \rightarrow $$ magnesium chloride + water

• Calcium hydroxide reacting with sulphuric acid:

  • calcium hydroxide + sulphuric acid $\rightarrow$$$ \rightarrow $$ calcium sulphate + water