Class 6_PopulationHealth_cvv_Studentv2025 (1).pptx

Population Health Overview

• Population Health: Focuses on health outcomes of a defined group and the distribution within that group.

• Health Equity: Realization that equal opportunities lead to equal health outcomes.

Theoretical Frameworks

• Theories and Models: Key theories that inform population health practices.

  • Health Belief Model (HBM): Focus on individual's beliefs about health.

    • Four components:

      1. Individual's perceptions

      2. Modifying factors

      3. Cues to action

      4. Likelihood of action

  • Transtheoretical Model (TTM): Stages of change for health behaviour.

    • Stages:

      1. Precontemplation

      2. Contemplation

      3. Preparation

      4. Action

      5. Maintenance

      6. Termination

  • Diffusion of Innovation Theory: Classifies individuals adopting innovations based on their adoption rates.

    • Categories:

      1. Innovators

      2. Early adopters

      3. Early majority

      4. Late majority

      5. Laggards

Health Promotion Strategies

Effective Health Promotion Techniques

• Assess client's readiness to change.

• Provide information on health risks (e.g., smoking).

• Develop plans for behaviour changes and follow-up support.

Goals in Promotion

• Strengthen community action by encouraging involvement.

• Build healthy public policies to sustain improvements in health.

• Create supportive environments for healthy living.

• Develop personal skills through education.

• Reorient health services toward prevention rather than cure.

Upstream, Midstream, and Downstream Thinking

• Upstream: Address root causes of health issues (e.g., socio-political factors).

• Midstream: Focus on community and organizational policy changes.

• Downstream: Concentrate on immediate health needs and services.

Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)

• Key Factors: Various factors that influence health outcomes, including:

  • Poverty

  • Economic inequality

  • Stress

  • Education

  • Social support

• Food Security: Access to sufficient and nutritious food is essential for health.

Child Safety Issue Analysis

• Problem: Children are often not transported safely, with improper car seat usage.

  • Statistics indicate only 10% are used correctly.

• Proposed Goals: Increase awareness and capacity for proper car seat installation.

• Strategies:

  • Train community health nurses in car seat installation.

  • Host car seat clinics with local businesses.

  • Advocate for provincial legislation regarding car seat use.

Actions for Nurses

• Understand and integrate SDOH when assessing clients' health.

• Include SDOH questions in assessments and follow-ups.

• Organize community resources to support client needs.

Health Accord for Newfoundland & Labrador

• Goals: Address SDOH by integrating health policies and community needs for improved health outcomes.

• Key Strategies: Strengthen poverty reduction strategies and integrate child health into schools.

Conclusion

• By employing theoretical frameworks and community-specific strategies, nurses can positively impact population health and contribute to health equity.