Period 7 Vocab 2

Sinking of the Lusitania – A British passenger ship sunk by a German U-boat in 1915, killing 128 Americans and increasing anti-German sentiment.

 Wilson’s 14 Points – Woodrow Wilson’s post-WWI peace plan, promoting self- determination, free trade, and the League of Nations.

 League of Nations – An international organization formed after WWI to promote peace, but the U.S. never joined due to Senate opposition.

 Creation of the Federal Reserve – Established in 1913 to regulate the banking system and control the money supply.

 Sherman Antitrust Act – 1890 law designed to break up monopolies and prevent anti- competitive business practices.

 Clayton Antitrust Act – 1914 law strengthening antitrust regulations and protecting labor unions from being prosecuted as monopolies.

 Federal Trade Commission – Government agency created in 1914 to prevent unfair business practices and promote consumer protection.

 Black Tuesday – October 29, 1929, the stock market crash that signaled the start of the Great Depression.

 Hooverville – Makeshift shantytowns built by the unemployed during the Great Depression, named after President Herbert Hoover.

 Bonus Army – WWI veterans who marched on Washington in 1932 demanding early payment of promised bonuses, forcibly removed by the military.

 FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) – Established by the Glass-Steagall Act to protect bank deposits and restore confidence in the banking system.

 Glass-Steagall Act – 1933 law that separated commercial and investment banking to prevent another financial crisis.

 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) – Created in 1934 to regulate the stock market and prevent fraud.

 Newlands Reclamation Act – Funded irrigation projects for arid western states to promote agricultural development.

 National Forest Service – Established to manage and conserve national forests.

 Antiquities Act – Allowed the president to designate national monuments to protect

historical and natural sites.

 Dewey’s education reform – John Dewey promoted progressive education, emphasizing

experiential learning over rote memorization.

 Eugenics – A movement aimed at improving the genetic composition of the population,

often used to justify discrimination and forced sterilizations.

 FDR (Franklin D. Roosevelt) – 32nd U.S. president (1933-1945), led the U.S. through

the Great Depression and WWII with the New Deal.