The Native (Indigenous Tribes) of Texas

The Early People of Texas

• Exploration of how environment influences culture.

Page 2: Karankawa

Geography/Culture

• Location: Southern Coastal Region (Gulf Coast)

• Lifestyle: Nomadic

Shelter

• Huts: Lean-to or grass huts constructed from natural materials.

Food

• Diet: Primarily fish, alligators, bison, and deer.

Clothing

• Materials: Animal skins used for clothing.

Warfare/Peacefulness

• Behavior: Generally peaceful but capable of defense when necessary.

Unique Characteristics

• Height: Tallest indigenous people among North American tribes.

Page 3: Caddo

Geography/Culture

• Location: Northern Coastal Plain Forest.

• Lifestyle: Farming culture.

Shelter

• Huts: Houses built in the shape of grass mounds.

Food

• Diet: Farming staples along with hunting deer, bear, and bison for meat.

Clothing

• Materials: Tanned skins used for attire.

Warfare/Peacefulness

• Behavior: Peaceful and diplomatic.

Unique Characteristics

• Leadership: Established confederacies with political and spiritual leaders.

Page 4: Kiowa

Geography/Culture

• Location: Central and Great Plains.

• Lifestyle: Nomadic culture.

Shelter

• Huts: Tepees (tipis) or Skin Lodges.

Food

• Diet: Wild berries, fruits, and bison.

Warfare/Peacefulness

• Behavior: Known for long-distance raids extending from Mexico to the northern plains.

Unique Characteristics

• Nature: Warlike and formidable in defense.

Page 5: Comanche

Geography/Culture

• Location: Central and Great Plains.

• Lifestyle: Nomadic culture.

Shelter

• Huts: Tepees (tipis) or Skin Lodges.

Food

• Diet: Wild berries, fruits, and bison.

Warfare/Peacefulness

• Behavior: Highly regarded as masters of horse culture, labeling them as "Lords of the plains".

Unique Characteristics

• Nature: Warlike, skilled in combat.

Page 6: Jumano

Geography/Culture

• Location: Mountains & Basins – The Great Plains.

• Lifestyle: Pueblo culture.

Shelter

• Huts: Adobe houses as permanent structures.

Food

• Diet: Farming and hunting, primarily relying on bison.

War/Peacefulness

• Behavior: Peaceful yet ready to defend their territories.

Unique Characteristics

• Skills: Known for bison hunting proficiency.

Page 7: Tigua

Geography/Culture

• Location: Mountains & Basins – The Great Plains.

• Lifestyle: Pueblo culture.

Shelter

• Huts: Adobe houses.

Food

• Diet: Farming staple crops such as corn, squash, and beans.

Clothing

• Materials: Cotton, leather, and fur used for clothing.

Warfare/Peacefulness

• Behavior: Peaceful but will defend their home.

Unique Characteristics

• Leadership: Governance by tribal votes,

• Historical Significance: Ysleta is the oldest continuous settlement in Texas.

Page 8: Environmental Influence on Culture

• Key Idea: The available resources from the environment, shaped by geography, largely dictate the culture of various tribes.

• Geographical Areas: Includes regions such as Lubbock, Wichita Falls, Fort Worth, Dallas, and more.

Page 9: Summary of Tribes

• Tribes: Tigua, Jumano, Comanche, Kiowa, Caddo, Karankawa

• Categorical Aspects: Geography, culture, shelter, food/tools, clothing, warfare/peacefulness, unique attributes

Page 10: Culture Types

• Categories:

  • Plains Culture

  • Pueblo Culture

  • Forest Culture

  • Gulf Coastal Culture