History Exam Study Guide
World War 1 šš
Causes
M- militarism
Policy of building a strong military to prepare for war
A- alliances
Agreements between nations to aid and protect each other
I- imperialism
One country takes over another economically and politically
N- nationalism
Extreme pride in oneās country
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Triggered WWI
Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia ā Germany declares war on Russia āGermany declares war on France ā Germany invades Belgium (to get to France) ā Great Britain declares war on Germany
Assassinated in the streets of Sarajevo by a 19 year old member of the black hand
Targeted because he planned to give Bosnian serbs more say in the government
Schlieffen Plan
Goal: Avoid war on two fronts (fails)
Germany marched through belgium to surround France while Russia prepared their army
Belgium was a neutral country and the invasion by Germany caused Great Britain to join the war
Trench warfare and how it led to the development of new weapons
Trench warfare was very dangerous and ineffective so new technologies like the tank were invented to make battles safer and more effective
Effect on the home front
Countries went into a state of total war so their economies and people were solely focused on funding the war
German use of unrestricted submarine warfare
Germany attacked any boat that they believed were bringing resources to the Allied power
Zimmerman Note
Message from mexico to germany
Germany asked Mexico to invade the United States in exchange for the land the united states stole from them
War/liberty bonds
donations that the public made to the government to fund the war
Sedition Act
Made it illegal to speak out against the American government, constitution, or military
Conditions in Germany towards the end of the war
Schenck vs US
Schenck was charged with conspiracy to violate the Espionage Act of 1917 by attempting to cause insubordination in the military and to obstruct recruitment
The Court said that the Espionage Act did not violate the First Amendment and was an appropriate exercise of Congressā wartime authority
Espionage Act
Allowed postal authorities to band treasonable or seditious mail to maintain national unity
Conscientious Objectors
Those who refused to fight in WWI
Objected on moral or religious grounds
Had non-combatant roles in civilian work of national importance: labouring on farms, driving ambulances, or working in aid posts
President Wilsonās plan for peace/14 points
Plan for how we are going to rebuild after the war
League of Nations
First worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace by solving international problems
Treaty of Versailles
Created at the Paris Peace Conference with the United States, France, Great Britain, and Italu
Russian Revolution šš
February Revolution
Food riots broke out and when soldiers refused to open fire on rioters, Tsar Nicholas II gave up his throne
October Revolution
Vladimir Lenin was sent back to Russia and the Bolsheviks (Leninās supporters) seized power by force and renamed Russia the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
Vladimir Lenin land policy
Lenin seized all land and made it communal land for everyone to use
Differences between communism and capitalism
CapitalismĀ | CommunismĀ |
|
|
From War to Peace šš
Anti-immigrant feelings post WWI
People did not want immigrants coming into the US because they thought they would bring communist ideas to the US
Emergency Quota Act and the National Origins Act
Established a certain amount of immigrants that could immigrant to the US from certain countries
Palmer Raids
A series of violent and abusive law-enforcement raids directed at leftist radicals and anarchists in 1919 and 1920, beginning during a period of unrest known as the āRed Summer.ā Named after Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer
Sacco and Vanzetti
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were Italian immigrants and anarchists who were controversially convicted of murdering Alessandro Berardelli and Frederick Parmenter
Red Scare
Time period of heightened fear of communism
Suburbanization
A population shifts from historic core cities or rural areas into suburbs
Welfare Capitalism
capitalism that includes social welfare policies and/or the practice of businesses providing welfare services to their employees
Henry Ford
Introduced many new technologies and management innovations that revolutionized production, doubled wags, improved working conditions, and improved the standard of living
Warren G. Harding
Changed the American foreign policy to isolationism
Focused on American Businesses
Returned to laissez-faire government and reduced taxes for the wealthy
Calvin Coolidge
Lowered national debt and taxes
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Agreement between 60ish nations to outlaw war as a national policy
Farmers struggle post WWI
They were still supplying lots of crops but the demand was very low
The Roaring ā20s šš
Speakeasies
Bars that illegally sold alcohol
Prohibition
A time period of social unrest due to laws against the manufacture, sale, and transport or alcohol
19th Amendment
Amendment that gave women the right to vote
Scopes trial
Trial of John Scopes for illegally teaching evolution
18th Amendment
Amendment that banned the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcohol
Impact of the radio
Connected rural and urban audiences
Harlem Renaissance
Time period of increased media highlighting African American culture
Great Migration
Time period were African Americans were moving from the South to the North
The Great Depression and The New Deal šš
Change of govāt role during Great Depression
At first only state and local governments were working to repair the depression until FDR got the federal government involved
Key Developments of Great Depression
Black Tuesday (impact and date)
October 29, 1929
The stock market crashed revealing problems within the economy
Caused mass bankruptcies and unemployment, and dramatic declines in production and money supply
Herbert Hoover
Tried to resolve the depression through volunteerism and localism
Dust Bowl
Time period of severe dust storms
Human Causes:
Over farming
Overgrazing
Removal of natural grass/ vegetation
Natural Causes:
Drought
High winds
Organized labor 1923-1929
Changing behavior regarding the stock market
People didnāt trust banks so they pulled their money out
People sold their stocks
Hoover Dam
Brought work to thousands
Hoovervilles
Organized labor 1923-1929
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
Decreased world trade
New Deal
Addressed the problems of unemployment, failing businesses, struggling farmers, and the distrust in banks and the stock market
Relief, recovery, reform
Programs
Social Security Admin
Government money paid to the elderly, single women with children, and the disabled
FDIC- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Protected bank accounts of citizens up to $5000 (still in place today)
Relief
CCC- Civilian Conservation Corporation
Created construction jobs for 18 to 24 year olds
Relief
AAA- Agricultural Adjustment Act
protected the price of crops and prevented soil erosion
Hundred Days
In the first 100 days of his presidency FDR created the Public Works programs and created the Bank Holiday
Franklin Roosevelt
President after Hoover who implemented the Federal government in solving the Great Depression
These following statements have been the focus of our trimester
Explain how militarism, imperialism, nationalism and alliances were causes of World War I.
Explain how the consequences of World War I set the stage for the Russian Revolution.
Explain how and why oppression and discrimination resulted in the Armenian Genocide during World War I
Explain why and how the United States moved to a policy of isolationism following World War I.
Describe how racial intolerance, anti-immigrant attitudes and the Red Scare contributed to social unrest after World War I.
Describe how an improved standard of living for many, combined with technological innovations in communication, transportation and industry, resulted in social and cultural changes and tensions.
Describe social changes that came from the Harlem Renaissance, African-American migration, womenās suffrage and Prohibition
Describe how the federal governmentās monetary policies, stock market speculation and increasing consumer debt led to the Great Depression.
Explain how the efforts to combat the Great Depression led to an expanded role for the federal government.
World War 1 šš
Causes
M- militarism
Policy of building a strong military to prepare for war
A- alliances
Agreements between nations to aid and protect each other
I- imperialism
One country takes over another economically and politically
N- nationalism
Extreme pride in oneās country
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Triggered WWI
Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia ā Germany declares war on Russia āGermany declares war on France ā Germany invades Belgium (to get to France) ā Great Britain declares war on Germany
Assassinated in the streets of Sarajevo by a 19 year old member of the black hand
Targeted because he planned to give Bosnian serbs more say in the government
Schlieffen Plan
Goal: Avoid war on two fronts (fails)
Germany marched through belgium to surround France while Russia prepared their army
Belgium was a neutral country and the invasion by Germany caused Great Britain to join the war
Trench warfare and how it led to the development of new weapons
Trench warfare was very dangerous and ineffective so new technologies like the tank were invented to make battles safer and more effective
Effect on the home front
Countries went into a state of total war so their economies and people were solely focused on funding the war
German use of unrestricted submarine warfare
Germany attacked any boat that they believed were bringing resources to the Allied power
Zimmerman Note
Message from mexico to germany
Germany asked Mexico to invade the United States in exchange for the land the united states stole from them
War/liberty bonds
donations that the public made to the government to fund the war
Sedition Act
Made it illegal to speak out against the American government, constitution, or military
Conditions in Germany towards the end of the war
Schenck vs US
Schenck was charged with conspiracy to violate the Espionage Act of 1917 by attempting to cause insubordination in the military and to obstruct recruitment
The Court said that the Espionage Act did not violate the First Amendment and was an appropriate exercise of Congressā wartime authority
Espionage Act
Allowed postal authorities to band treasonable or seditious mail to maintain national unity
Conscientious Objectors
Those who refused to fight in WWI
Objected on moral or religious grounds
Had non-combatant roles in civilian work of national importance: labouring on farms, driving ambulances, or working in aid posts
President Wilsonās plan for peace/14 points
Plan for how we are going to rebuild after the war
League of Nations
First worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace by solving international problems
Treaty of Versailles
Created at the Paris Peace Conference with the United States, France, Great Britain, and Italu
Russian Revolution šš
February Revolution
Food riots broke out and when soldiers refused to open fire on rioters, Tsar Nicholas II gave up his throne
October Revolution
Vladimir Lenin was sent back to Russia and the Bolsheviks (Leninās supporters) seized power by force and renamed Russia the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
Vladimir Lenin land policy
Lenin seized all land and made it communal land for everyone to use
Differences between communism and capitalism
CapitalismĀ | CommunismĀ |
|
|
From War to Peace šš
Anti-immigrant feelings post WWI
People did not want immigrants coming into the US because they thought they would bring communist ideas to the US
Emergency Quota Act and the National Origins Act
Established a certain amount of immigrants that could immigrant to the US from certain countries
Palmer Raids
A series of violent and abusive law-enforcement raids directed at leftist radicals and anarchists in 1919 and 1920, beginning during a period of unrest known as the āRed Summer.ā Named after Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer
Sacco and Vanzetti
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were Italian immigrants and anarchists who were controversially convicted of murdering Alessandro Berardelli and Frederick Parmenter
Red Scare
Time period of heightened fear of communism
Suburbanization
A population shifts from historic core cities or rural areas into suburbs
Welfare Capitalism
capitalism that includes social welfare policies and/or the practice of businesses providing welfare services to their employees
Henry Ford
Introduced many new technologies and management innovations that revolutionized production, doubled wags, improved working conditions, and improved the standard of living
Warren G. Harding
Changed the American foreign policy to isolationism
Focused on American Businesses
Returned to laissez-faire government and reduced taxes for the wealthy
Calvin Coolidge
Lowered national debt and taxes
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Agreement between 60ish nations to outlaw war as a national policy
Farmers struggle post WWI
They were still supplying lots of crops but the demand was very low
The Roaring ā20s šš
Speakeasies
Bars that illegally sold alcohol
Prohibition
A time period of social unrest due to laws against the manufacture, sale, and transport or alcohol
19th Amendment
Amendment that gave women the right to vote
Scopes trial
Trial of John Scopes for illegally teaching evolution
18th Amendment
Amendment that banned the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcohol
Impact of the radio
Connected rural and urban audiences
Harlem Renaissance
Time period of increased media highlighting African American culture
Great Migration
Time period were African Americans were moving from the South to the North
The Great Depression and The New Deal šš
Change of govāt role during Great Depression
At first only state and local governments were working to repair the depression until FDR got the federal government involved
Key Developments of Great Depression
Black Tuesday (impact and date)
October 29, 1929
The stock market crashed revealing problems within the economy
Caused mass bankruptcies and unemployment, and dramatic declines in production and money supply
Herbert Hoover
Tried to resolve the depression through volunteerism and localism
Dust Bowl
Time period of severe dust storms
Human Causes:
Over farming
Overgrazing
Removal of natural grass/ vegetation
Natural Causes:
Drought
High winds
Organized labor 1923-1929
Changing behavior regarding the stock market
People didnāt trust banks so they pulled their money out
People sold their stocks
Hoover Dam
Brought work to thousands
Hoovervilles
Organized labor 1923-1929
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
Decreased world trade
New Deal
Addressed the problems of unemployment, failing businesses, struggling farmers, and the distrust in banks and the stock market
Relief, recovery, reform
Programs
Social Security Admin
Government money paid to the elderly, single women with children, and the disabled
FDIC- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Protected bank accounts of citizens up to $5000 (still in place today)
Relief
CCC- Civilian Conservation Corporation
Created construction jobs for 18 to 24 year olds
Relief
AAA- Agricultural Adjustment Act
protected the price of crops and prevented soil erosion
Hundred Days
In the first 100 days of his presidency FDR created the Public Works programs and created the Bank Holiday
Franklin Roosevelt
President after Hoover who implemented the Federal government in solving the Great Depression
These following statements have been the focus of our trimester
Explain how militarism, imperialism, nationalism and alliances were causes of World War I.
Explain how the consequences of World War I set the stage for the Russian Revolution.
Explain how and why oppression and discrimination resulted in the Armenian Genocide during World War I
Explain why and how the United States moved to a policy of isolationism following World War I.
Describe how racial intolerance, anti-immigrant attitudes and the Red Scare contributed to social unrest after World War I.
Describe how an improved standard of living for many, combined with technological innovations in communication, transportation and industry, resulted in social and cultural changes and tensions.
Describe social changes that came from the Harlem Renaissance, African-American migration, womenās suffrage and Prohibition
Describe how the federal governmentās monetary policies, stock market speculation and increasing consumer debt led to the Great Depression.
Explain how the efforts to combat the Great Depression led to an expanded role for the federal government.