Employability_Skills_XII (1)
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Title: Employability Skills Textbook for Class XII
Published by National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT)
ISBN: 978-93-5292-270-3
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Employability Skills Textbook for Class XII
NCERT Logo
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First Edition: June 2020
© National Council of Educational Research and Training, 2020
Printed on 80 GSM paper with NCERT watermark
Published by NCERT Publication Division, New Delhi
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without permission.
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Foreword: Highlights the National Curriculum Framework–2005's recommendation for integrating work and education.
Importance of vocational education and training for all children.
Elevation of work as an educational activity that generates personal and social values.
Emphasis on vocational education as a preferred option for livelihood.
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Development of modular curricula for vocational subjects from Classes IX to XII by NCERT.
Focus on generic skills necessary for various job roles, including communication and decision-making skills.
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About the Textbook: Defines employability skills as soft skills essential for employers.
Importance of communication, stress management, and self-management.
Highlights the impact of digital technology on work responsibilities.
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Recommendations for e-learning tools in classrooms, including the necessary technical setup for student engagement.
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Acknowledgements: Recognition of contributors from various educational organizations and individuals.
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Continued acknowledgments for assistance in the textbook's development.
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Contents: Overview of units and sessions within the textbook, covering communication, self-management, ICT skills, entrepreneurship, and green skills.
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Do You Know: The significance of free and compulsory education as a Fundamental Right under Article 21-A of the Indian Constitution, promoting education for all, particularly girls.
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Unit 1: Communication Skills: Introduction to the basics of communication, emphasizing the importance of listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
Description of the key communication skills needed in various languages and environments.
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This unit helps understand and develop effective communication skills.
Emphasizes the importance of knowing multiple languages for better interaction in global settings.
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Additional information about clarity, conciseness, and accuracy in communication.
Examples demonstrating effective communication.
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Listening Skills: Importance of listening in communication.
Enumerating reasons for attentive listening, such as obtaining information and resolving conflicts.
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Active listening described as an art form.
Factors affecting active listening like eye contact, gestures, and feedback mechanisms.
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Five stages of active listening (Receiving, Understanding, Remembering, Evaluating, Responding).
Acronym RESPECT as a mnemonic to ensure effective listening.
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Practical Exercise: Activities designed to foster active listening skills in various settings, including discussions and role-play.
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Check Your Progress with scenarios to reinforce learning about active listening.
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Session 2: Parts of Speech: Introduction to parts of speech and their roles in language.
Mention of the importance of structure in sentence formation.
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Basic rules for capitalization in writing, exemplified with sentences.
Emphasis on correct punctuation marks and their usage.
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Definitions and examples of the basic parts of speech (nouns, pronouns, etc.).
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Exploration of supporting parts of speech and their functioning.
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Practical Exercises: Group activities to identify or use parts of speech in real sentences.
Check your progress with practical questions to assess knowledge of parts of speech.
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Advanced learning activities concerning parts of speech and sentence structure.
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Learning outcomes regarding parts of speech realization and usage practice.
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Session 3: Writing Sentences: The structure of sentences explained.
Types of sentences categorized as simple and complex.
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Components of sentences explained (subject, verb, object).
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Understanding direct and indirect objects within sentences.
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Types of Sentences: Active and passive voice explored.
Examples illustrating active vs. passive constructions.
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Different types of sentences classified for clarity.
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Practical Exercise: Group tasks focusing on creating and analyzing sentences.
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Check Your Progress with various assessment methods.
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Unit 2: Self-management Skills: Definition of self-management explained.
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Importance of motivation in personal and professional success, describing intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
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Suggestions for maintaining a positive attitude detailed.
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Overview of stress management strategies.
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Practical Exercises: Activities that promote self-management through real-world applications.
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Understanding result orientation and its significance in goal achievement.
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Importance of setting clear and achievable goals with actionable plans.
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Practical Exercise: Techniques for establishing personal goals and monitoring progress.
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Emphasis on self-awareness and its role in personal growth.
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Attributes defining entrepreneurial characteristics discussed.
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Self-management techniques elaborated to support effective productivity.
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Each entrepreneurial process has its own attributes including problem-solving and network building.
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Understanding personality traits and barriers in entrepreneurship.
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Practical strategies for maintaining healthy working relationships among diverse team members.
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Recognition of dynamic organizational structures and their effect on personal effectiveness.
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Unit 3: Information and Communication Technology Skills: Overview of utilizing spreadsheets and digital tools.
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Introduction to spreadsheets: Benefits and usage explained with examples.
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Step-by-step guide to opening the spreadsheet application.
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Important components of a spreadsheet highlighted.
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Instruction on entering data and utilizing formulas.
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Basic operations in a spreadsheet elaborated.
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Data management techniques, including entry, editing, and deletion.
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Understanding advanced spreadsheet features and functions.
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Formatting differences and why it is essential in professional settings explained.
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Identifying methods for sorting, filtering, and protecting spreadsheet data.
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Presentation Software: Overview of effective presentation fundamentals explained.
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Steps to create and manage digital presentations outlined.
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Interactive steps regarding text management and slide alterations provided.
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Development of effective presentations through strategic design and content management.
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Discussion on innovative contents that can enhance presentation efficacy.
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Understanding advanced features and how they personalize digital presentations.
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Guidelines for examining text elements in a presentation environment.
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Practicums around formatting elements for optimum presentation attractiveness.
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Engaging activities in group settings to improve skills in presentation preparation.
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Entrepreneurship Skills: Essential to recognize entrepreneurial functions and mindsets.
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Building entrepreneurial self-awareness and operational practices pushed as fundamental.
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Various entrepreneurial types and their motivations explored.
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Promoting community-specific opportunities discussed as a part of entrepreneurial development.
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Green Skills: Outline of the importance of eco-friendly practices.
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Projects showcasing vital green initiatives and job roles needed for sustainability.
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Importance of implementing measures to protect environmental balance through green jobs.
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Evaluating opportunities for personal growth through green practices and job development.
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Encouragement for students to contribute to sustainability through specialized tasks and projects.
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Understanding the importance of effective resource allocation and eco-friendly methods in entrepreneurship.
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Unit Summary and Review: Course content recap structured according to knowledge gained throughout.