Anatomy II: Chapter 20 (Recent)

  1. The fluid that is forced out of capillaries by hydrostatic pressure and enters the lymphatic system is called:

    • a) Plasma

    • b) Interstitial fluid

    • c) Cytosol

    • d) Serum

  2. Once interstitial fluid is picked up by lymphatic vessels, it is called:

    • a) Plasma

    • b) Lymph

    • c) Serum

    • d) Cytoplasm

  3. The lymphatic system consists of two main divisions. These are:

    • a) Lymphatic vessels and blood vessels

    • b) Lymphatics and lymphoid organs/tissues

    • c) White blood cells and red blood cells

    • d) The spleen and thymus

  4. Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?

    • a) Returning interstitial fluid to the bloodstream

    • b) Transporting dietary lipids

    • c) Producing red blood cells

    • d) Providing immune responses

  5. The one-way flow of lymph is ensured by:

    • a) Valves in the lymphatic vessels

    • b) Arterial contractions

    • c) Pressure from the spleen

    • d) The pericardial cavity

Lymphatic Vessels & Circulation

  1. Lymphatic capillaries differ from blood capillaries because they:

    • a) Have thick walls

    • b) Are highly permeable with "minivalves"

    • c) Transport oxygen

    • d) Contain smooth muscle

  2. Specialized lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine that absorb dietary fats are called:

    • a) Lymph nodes

    • b) Peyer’s patches

    • c) Lacteals

    • d) Lymph trunks

  3. The right lymphatic duct drains which parts of the body?

    • a) Entire left side and lower right side

    • b) Right upper arm, right side of head, and right thorax

    • c) Only the left arm

    • d) The entire body except for the right leg

  4. The thoracic duct originates from the:

    • a) Subclavian vein

    • b) Cisterna chyli

    • c) Aortic arch

    • d) Jugular trunk

  5. Lymph is emptied into venous circulation at the junction of the:

  • a) Inferior vena cava and pulmonary vein

  • b) Internal jugular and subclavian veins

  • c) Femoral and iliac veins

  • d) Superior vena cava and aorta

Lymphoid Cells & Immune Functions

  1. The main warriors of the immune system are:

  • a) Erythrocytes

  • b) Platelets

  • c) Lymphocytes

  • d) Neutrophils

  1. T cells are primarily responsible for:

  • a) Producing antibodies

  • b) Directly attacking and destroying foreign cells

  • c) Transporting oxygen

  • d) Digesting fats

  1. B cells function by:

  • a) Attacking infected cells directly

  • b) Producing plasma cells that secrete antibodies

  • c) Engulfing pathogens

  • d) Filtering lymph

  1. Macrophages function by:

  • a) Producing antibodies

  • b) Phagocytizing foreign substances

  • c) Carrying oxygen

  • d) Breaking down red blood cells

  1. The main antigen-presenting cells that take antigens back to lymph nodes are:

  • a) Platelets

  • b) Dendritic cells

  • c) Basophils

  • d) Neutrophils

Lymphoid Organs

  1. The principal lymphoid organs in the body are:

  • a) The spleen and thymus

  • b) The liver and pancreas

  • c) Lymph nodes

  • d) The gallbladder and kidneys

  1. The largest lymphoid organ in the body is the:

  • a) Thymus

  • b) Tonsils

  • c) Spleen

  • d) Liver

  1. The spleen’s main function includes:

  • a) Filtering the blood and recycling red blood cells

  • b) Storing bile

  • c) Producing red blood cells in adults

  • d) Secreting digestive enzymes

  1. The thymus is responsible for:

  • a) Filtering lymph

  • b) Maturing T cells

  • c) Breaking down RBCs

  • d) Secreting insulin

  1. The thymus is most active:

  • a) At birth

  • b) During childhood

  • c) During adulthood

  • d) After age 50

MALT & Tonsils

  1. MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue) includes all of the following EXCEPT:

  • a) Peyer’s patches

  • b) Appendix

  • c) Lymph nodes

  • d) Tonsils

  1. The tonsils are responsible for:

  • a) Filtering blood

  • b) Trapping pathogens entering through the pharynx

  • c) Producing red blood cells

  • d) Maturing T cells

  1. Which tonsils are also called adenoids when enlarged?

  • a) Palatine

  • b) Lingual

  • c) Pharyngeal

  • d) Tubal

  1. The Peyer’s patches are found in:

  • a) The large intestine

  • b) The stomach

  • c) The small intestine

  • d) The liver

  1. The appendix contains lymphoid tissue and functions in:

  • a) Breaking down fats

  • b) Trapping bacteria and generating memory lymphocytes

  • c) Producing enzymes

  • d) Detoxifying chemicals

Clinical Terms

  1. Lymphangitis refers to:

  • a) Inflammation of lymphatic vessels

  • b) Blockage of lymph nodes

  • c) Enlargement of the spleen

  • d) Low white blood cell count

  1. Lymphedema is caused by:

  • a) Excess red blood cell production

  • b) Blockage in the lymphatic system

  • c) Bacterial infection in the blood

  • d) A deficiency in platelets

  1. Buboes, commonly known as swollen glands, were historically linked to:

  • a) The flu

  • b) The bubonic plague

  • c) Smallpox

  • d) Chickenpox

  1. A splenectomy refers to:

  • a) Surgical removal of the spleen

  • b) Infection of the spleen

  • c) Enlargement of lymph nodes

  • d) Dysfunction of the thymus

  1. Can a person live without a spleen?

  • a) No

  • b) Yes, but they may be more susceptible to infections

  • c) Yes, with no consequences

  • d) Only if they have a liver transplant