Patient with a hepatic disorder

Term 1: acute hepatic failure
Definition 1: sudden, severe onset of acute liver failure that occurs within 8 weeks after the first symptoms of jaundice (formerly: fulminant hepatic failure)
Term 2: ascites
Definition 2: an albumin-rich fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity
Term 3: asterixis
Definition 3: involuntary flapping movements of the hands
Term 4: cirrhosis
Definition 4: a chronic liver disease characterized by fibrotic changes, the formation of dense connective tissue within the liver, subsequent degenerative changes, and loss of functioning cells
Term 5: constructional apraxia
Definition 5: inability to draw figures in two or three dimensions
Term 6: endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL)
Definition 6: procedure that uses a modified endoscope loaded with an elastic rubber band passed through an overtube directly onto the varix (or varices) to be banded to ligate the area and stop bleeding (synonym: variceal banding)
Term 7: fetor hepaticus
Definition 7: sweet, slightly fecal odor to the breath, presumed to be of intestinal origin
Term 8: hepatic encephalopathy
Definition 8: central nervous system dysfunction frequently associated with elevated ammonia levels that produce changes in mental status, altered level of consciousness, and coma
Term 9: jaundice
Definition 9: condition where the body tissues, including the sclerae and the skin, become tinged yellow or greenish-yellow, due to high bilirubin levels
Term 10: orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT)
Definition 10: grafting of a donor liver into the normal anatomic location, with removal of the diseased native liver
Term 11: portal hypertension
Definition 11: elevated pressure in the portal circulation resulting from obstruction of venous flow into and through the liver
Term 12: sclerotherapy
Definition 12: the injection of substances into or around esophagogastric varices to cause constriction, thickening, and hardening of the vessel and stop bleeding