Bacteriology - Cosmetology
BACTERIA
Bacteria are one-celled Micro-organisms with both plant and animal
characteristics. Also known as germs or microbes.
Bacteria can exist almost anywhere: skin, water, air, free edge of
fingernails etc.
Bacteria are so small they can only be seen with a microscope.
TYPES OF BACTERIA
There are 2 types of bacteria:
Non-pathogenic (helpful or harmless)
2. Pathogenic (harmful)
COCCI
Are round-shaped bacteria that appear singly or in the groups.
-Staphylococci
-Streptococci
-Diplococci
Staphylococci
-Food poisoning
Streptococci
-Strep throat
diplococci
-Meningitis
Bacilli
Are short rod shape bacteria.
Produce diseases such as tetanus (lock-jaw)
Tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
SPIRILLA
Are spiral –shaped bacteria.
Which can cause Lyme disease, syphilis, and cholera.
ACTIVE STAGE
Bacteria grow and reproduce.
Multiply best in warm, dark, damp or dirty places where sufficient
food is available.
When they reach their largest size, they divide into 2 new cells.
This division is called mitosis.
When conditions become unfavourable bacteria become inactive.
PATHOGENIC
Pathogenic bacteria can enter the body through: a cut, the mouth,
the nose, eyes and ears
Infections can be prevented and controlled through personal hygiene
and public sanitation
LOCAL INFECTION
Is indicated by a boil or pimple that contains pus
Staphylococci are the most common pus forming bacteria
PREVENTION
A disease becomes contagious or communicable when it
spreads from one person to another by contact.
Chief source of contagion are unclean hands and implements, open
sores, pus, mouth and nose discharges and sharing drinking cups and
towels etc.
viruses
Capable of infection almost all plants, animals and bacteria; can pass
through the pores of a porcelain filter.
Common cold, other respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. Also
includes measles, mumps, chicken pox, smallpox, rabies, yellow
fever, polio, influenza, HIV, and AIDS.
Blood-borne Pathogens
Hepatitis-inflammation of the liver caused by blood-borne virus,
present in all body fluids of an infected person.
-hep.a
-hep.b
-hep.c
Blood-borne Viruses
Human Immuno-deficiency Virus- HIV
Is the virus that causes Aids
Acquired Immuno-deficiency Syndrome-AIDS
Aids breaks down the body’s immune system
CONTAGIOUS DISEASES
Should never be treated in a salon. Direct clients to a physician
IMMUNITY
Ability of body to destroy bacteria that have gained entrance and
thus resist infection
NATURAL IMMUNITY: natural resistance to disease
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY: is something the body develops after it has
overcome the disease or through inoculation
How to mix Barbicide
Barbicide ® concentrate is mixed correctly by adding 2 oz (1/4 cup)
concentrate to 32 oz of cold water.
Add Barbicide to water, not the other way around to avoid splashing
of chemical.
Wear gloves, goggles and apron, protect yourself first
Get rid of those germs…
Sanitation; lowest level of decontamination. Achieved with soap and water.
Antiseptics; kills bacteria or slows their growth. (for use on skin)
Disinfectant; kills microbes on contaminated tools & surfaces. Does not kill
bacterial spores. (not for skin or nails)
Sterilization; completely destroys all living organisms on a surface including
bacterial spores.
Universal Precautions
Infectious diseases do not present visible symptoms on the infected person. You will
not always know who is infected with what, because of this the same infection
control practices should be used with all clients.
Universal Precautions area set of guidelines and controls that are set by the CDC
-> Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, that require employer and the
employee to assume that all human blood and specified human body fluids are
infections with HIV or HBV and other blood borne pathogens.
Precautions include, hand washing, gloves, goggles, injury prevention, proper
disposal of needles and other sharp instruments.