BSN_206

Page 1: John’s Nursing Responsibilities and Professional Insights

• Arrival and Patient Assignment

  • John, a registered nurse (RN), arrives for the day shift on an acute care medical unit.

  • Receives patient assignment for five medical patients.

• Patient Assessment and Care Planning

  • After the night shift report, John makes rounds to assess each patient.

  • Identifies patient problems, sets goals, and develops care plans for the day.

• Administering Medications and Delegating Tasks

  • Administers intravenous (IV) medications directly.

  • Ensures licensed practical nurse (LPN) administers oral medications.

  • Instructs unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to bathe patients needing assistance.

  • Assists one patient with ambulation and provides discharge education for a new medication.

  • Evaluates and updates the care plan for each patient.

• Communication with Healthcare Providers

  • Notifies primary care providers (PCPs) of critically abnormal blood work results.

• Patient Privacy and Ethical Considerations

  • A patient’s friend asks about the condition; John maintains confidentiality, stating information cannot be shared without consent.

• Continued Education and Clinical Practice

  • Attended a conference on administering IM medications; learns aspirating the syringe is no longer recommended.

• Philosophy of Care

  • John believes self-care maintains wholeness, meeting patients' self-care needs through guidance and support.

Page 2: Nursing Definitions and Historical Context

• Nursing as a Profession

  • Registered nurses are the largest healthcare profession, caring for individuals across all life stages.

  • Career often inspired by experiences or stories of impactful nurses.

• Broad Knowledge Base

  • Requires knowledge from physical, behavioral sciences, humanities, nursing theories, and non-nursing theories.

• Nursing Roles

  • RNs can specialize in specific populations or departments (children, elderly, etc.) or work in educational settings.

• Evolution of Nursing

  • Nursing has evolved to address patient needs and the changing healthcare environment.

  • Growing demand for nurses aligns with future roles in healthcare.

• Florence Nightingale’s Impact

  • Nightingale emphasized patient conditions for healing in her work "Notes on Nursing"; established nursing as a respected profession.

• American Nurses Association (ANA) Definition of Nursing

  • Nursing integrates art and science, focusing on health and human functioning, and includes diagnosis, treatment, and advocacy.

• International Council of Nurses (ICN) Definition of Nursing

  • Autonomous and collaborative care across all settings, including healthcare promotion and policy advocacy.

Page 3: Primary Roles and Functions of the Nurse

• Nursing Responsibilities

  • Nurses' roles include caregiver, educator, advocate, leader, change agent, manager, researcher, collaborator, and delegator.

• Care Provider

  • Primary responsibility is to provide nursing care, emphasizing critical thinking, clinical decision-making, and adherence to ethical practice.

• Nursing Process

  • A multistep approach including assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation of patient care.

• Educator

  • Provides necessary information for patients to consent to care; educates about medications and health promotion.

• Advocate

  • Interprets information for patients and supports their rights, especially when they cannot advocate for themselves.

• Leader and Change Agent

  • Provides direction to nursing teams and encourages change for improved patient care.

Page 4: Patient Education and Health Literacy

• Health Literacy Definition

  • Defined as the ability to find and utilize information for health-related decisions. Low health literacy impacts healthcare utilization.

• Nurses as Patient Educators

  • Assess literacy needs, provide understandable information, and facilitate communication to improve health outcomes.

• Leader Role in Nursing

  • Guides teams toward shared goals, promoting effective communication and team dynamics.

• Collaboration

  • Nurses work with various professionals in coordinated care efforts; teamwork is crucial for quality patient care.

• Delegator

  • Nurses delegate tasks according to team members' capabilities while retaining accountability for patient care.

Page 5: Research and Nursing Practice

• Research Involvement

  • Nurses critique and apply research findings to improve evidence-based practice (EBP).

• Collaboration in Research

  • Work on interdisciplinary teams to address health care issues and improve outcomes.

• Essential Attributes for Teamwork

  • Emphasizes communication, respect, and recognizing diverse skills in team dynamics.

Page 6: Historical Foundations of Nursing

• Nursing Origins

  • Traces back to religious and military services; Nightingale's contributions raised nursing's professional status.

• EBP Importance

  • EBP integrates research evidence with clinical judgment and patient values for decision-making.

• Ongoing Education and Development

  • Historical figures and previous advancements shape current nursing practices and educational frameworks.

Page 7: Notable Figures in Nursing History

• Civil War Contributions

  • Clara Barton and Dorothea Dix as pivotal figures in establishing nursing practices.

• Evolution of Nursing Education

  • Educational advancements established from diploma programs to higher education ideals.

• Nursing Theories

  • Various theories guide nursing practices, emphasizing holistic care and patient independence.

Page 8: Key Nursing Theories

• Nightingale Theory

  • Emphasizes environmental conditions.

• Peplau’s Interpersonal Theory

  • Focuses on nurse-patient relationships and interpersonal dynamics.

• Orem’s Self-Care Theory

  • Centers on supporting patients in meeting their self-care needs.

Page 9: Continued Nursing Theoretical Frameworks

• King’s Theory of Goal Attainment

  • Discusses collaboration between nurse and patient to achieve goals.

• Neuman Systems Model

  • Proposes holistic nursing care with a focus on stressors.

Page 10: Theoretical Concepts and Their Application

• Parse’s Human Becoming Theory

  • Looks at the dynamic human experience and nursing role within it.

• Watson’s Caring Theory

  • Focuses on the importance of the caring relationship in nursing practice.

Page 11: Nonnursing Theories Impacting Nursing

• Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

  • Framework for prioritizing patient needs.

• Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory

  • Guides nurses in addressing developmental issues in care.

Page 12: Nursing Practice and Professionalism

• Criteria Defining Nursing as a Profession

  • Includes altruism, accountability, higher education, ethical standards, and professional organizations.

• Historical Evolution

  • Influential events and figures shaped nursing’s development as a profession.

Page 13: Summary of Nursing Fundamentals

• Nursing Professional Standards

  • Governed by ANA standards and state nurse practice acts.

• Socialization into Nursing

  • Involves transitioning from student to professional nurse, with ongoing personal and professional growth.

Page 14: Nursing Education Pathways and Implications

• Educational Paths in Nursing

  • Varies from diploma to doctoral degrees, with specialization opportunities in various fields.

• Licensure and Continuing Education

  • Nurses must maintain competency through regular education and certification processes.

Page 15: Professional Development and Organizations

• Certification Importance

  • Indicates specialized expertise beyond general licensure.

• Professional Organizations

  • Network and support nurses through resources and advocacy efforts.

Page 16: Nursing's Future Directions

• Aging Population

  • Increasing number of elderly individuals requires a stronger nursing workforce.

• Nursing Shortage

  • Global shortage of healthcare workers with projected future deficits in nursing.

Page 17: Patient Safety and Quality Improvement

• National Patient Safety Goals

  • Targets for reducing errors and improving patient outcomes in healthcare settings.

Page 18: Summary of Learning Outcomes

• Holistic Nature of Nursing

  • Recognizes nursing as a multifaceted profession prioritizing comprehensive patient care.