Biology Unit 2 Test Review

Cilia - smaller and more numerous, locomotion

Flagella - singular and large, locomotion

Aquaporins - water channels (CHANNEL PROTEINS)

Golgi Apparatus - vesticles and folded membranes - intracellular transportation and secretion

Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - SMOOTH - storage of lipids and steriods - ROUGH - protein processing/synthesis and storage

Lysosome - recycle dead organelles

Fatty Acid - TAILS OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS - lipids, fat in all the food we eat

Glycerol - HEADS OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS

Glycogen - Animals storage of energy (glucose)

Cellulose - carbohydrate - cell walls

Starch - Plants storage of energy (glucose)

Saturated v.s. Unsaturated v.s. Trans Fats - only single carbon chain, at least one double/triple carbon chain (solid room temp), solid and last longer

Components of Fluid Mosaic Model

• Phospholipid Bilayer - semi-permeable (hydrophylic outside and hydrophobic inside)

• Protein Channels and Pumps - special access for certain molecules into/out of cell

• Aquaporins - special pumps for water

• Cholesterol - maintain membrane fluidity and stability

Describe and Identify Chemical Structure of each Biomolecule

• Carbohydrate - RING - CHO - One Carbon for every H20

• Lipid - Long String - CHO - C surrounded by H

• Protein - Amino acids (marbles) attached together to form long chain - CHON

• Nucleic Acid - Complex - CHONP