USH REVIEW

Unit 7 Lesson 1: WWII Begins

• Isolationism = U.S. wanted to stay out of WWII.

• Axis Powers = Germany, Italy, Japan.

• Allies = Britain, Soviet Union, U.S.

• Pearl Harbor (Dec 7, 1941) = Japan attacked → U.S. entered WWII.

• Lend-Lease Act = U.S. “loaned” weapons to Allies.

• Cash & Carry / Destroyers for Bases = Early aid to Allies without declaring war.

• Hitler & Mussolini = Fascist dictators; Hitler blamed Jews (Holocaust began).

• Atlantic Charter = U.S.-Britain agreement to spread democracy.

Unit 7 Lesson 2: WWII on the Homefront

• Rationing = Limited food/supplies to support war.

• Rosie the Riveter = Symbol of working women during WWII.

• Executive Order 8802 = No job discrimination in war industries.

• Executive Order 9066 = Internment of Japanese Americans.

• Tuskegee Airmen = First African-American pilots.

• Navajo Code Talkers = Unbreakable military code.

• Korematsu v. U.S. = Supreme Court OK’d internment camps (1944).

• Bracero Program = Brought Mexican workers to fill jobs.

Unit 7 Lesson 3: Major WWII Battles

• Battle of Britain = Air war over UK; UK won.

• Stalingrad = Turning point in Europe; Soviets beat Nazis.

• Midway = Turning point in Pacific; U.S. beat Japan.

• D-Day (Operation Overlord) = Allied invasion of Nazi France (June 6, 1944).

• Battle of the Bulge = Last major Nazi offensive.

• Iwo Jima & Okinawa = Brutal island battles in Pacific.

• Hiroshima & Nagasaki = Atomic bombs end war with Japan.

• Manhattan Project = Secret atomic bomb development.

• Tehran/Yalta Conferences = Big 3 meet to plan post-war world.

Unit 7 Lesson 4: Post-War Response

• Holocaust = 6M Jews killed by Nazis.

• Nuremberg Trials = Nazis punished for war crimes.

• United Nations (UN) = Formed to prevent future wars.

• Double V Campaign = Fight racism abroad and at home.

• Soviet Expansion = USSR takes over Eastern Europe = Cold War begins.

• Iron Curtain = Divided Europe between democracy & communism.

• Containment = U.S. policy to stop spread of communism (Truman Doctrine).

• Marshall Plan = U.S. $$$ to rebuild Europe & stop communism.

• Berlin Airlift = U.S. flew supplies to West Berlin (1948–49).

Unit 7 Lesson 5: Life in U.S. After WWII

• G.I. Bill = Gave veterans money for school, homes.

• Suburbanization = People moved to suburbs (Levittowns).

• Baby Boom = Huge increase in birth rate.

• Television = Changed culture, reinforced conformity.

• The Feminine Mystique = Sparked women’s rights movement.

• National Defense Education Act = Boosted science/math in schools after Sputnik.

• Highway Act = Built interstates for defense & travel.

• McCarthyism / Red Scare = Fear of communists in America.

Quick Practice Questions

1. What event brought the U.S. into WWII? → Pearl Harbor

2. What did the G.I. Bill do? → Helped veterans get education & homes

3. What was the goal of the Marshall Plan? → Stop communism by rebuilding Europe

4. Who were the Tuskegee Airmen? → Black fighter pilots in WWII

5. What did the Double V campaign fight for? → Victory over racism abroad and at home

6. What was decided in Korematsu v. U.S.? → Internment was legal for national security

7. What caused the baby boom? → Soldiers returning home after WWII