AL

RRL Flashcards for EduPing: Review of Related Literature Matrix

Review of Related Literature (RRL) Matrix

  • This section summarizes the key literature related to EduPing: a mobile application aimed at improving student–faculty communication at San Beda University-Rizal. The sources cover mobile apps for education, real-time communication, push-notification systems, IoT-based attendance, and privacy implications of school-issued devices. The synthesis highlights how these findings inform design, expected benefits, potential risks, and ethical considerations for EduPing.

Source 1: 2021 Design and Development of an Educational Mobile Application to Optimize Quantitative

  • Authors: María Elena, George Torres Dávila, et al.
  • Year: 2021
  • Title (as in matrix): Design and Development of an Educational Mobile Application to Optimize Quantitative
  • Method: Indexed Databases, Content Analysis Tools
  • Sample: Students, parents, teachers, and administrative personnel
  • Tool: Educational Mobile Application (design/development focus)
  • Core Findings:
    • Identified a clear gap in communication within educational settings despite available modern technology.
    • Proposed a mobile application to provide real-time communication among students, teachers, and parents.
    • Feedback from users indicates the app helps address issues that previously existed in communication channels.
    • The implication is that a well-designed mobile app can enhance information flow and stakeholder engagement within schools.

Source 2: 2025 Use of Educational Technology in Inclusive Systematic Review

  • Authors: Aryam Bandukda (MB), Catherine, et al.
  • Year: 2025
  • Title (as in matrix): Use of Educational Technology in Inclusive Systematic Review
  • Method: Systematic Review, PRISMA-P
  • Sample: Students with SEND (Special Educational Needs and Disabilities)
  • Tool: PRISMA-P framework for systematic review
  • Core Findings:
    • Indicates a clear communication gap in educational settings when inclusive considerations are present.
    • Emphasizes the need for inclusive educational technologies to support diverse learner needs.
    • Highlights that technology should be evaluated through structured review protocols to assess effectiveness and equity.

Source 3: Primary Education: Protocol for a Systematic Review

  • Authors: Holloway (CH), and Erica Ranzato (ER)
  • Year: 2022
  • Title (as in matrix): Primary Education: Protocol for a Systematic Review
  • Method: Systematic Review Protocol (focus on protocol development)
  • Sample: Primary education contexts
  • Tool: Protocol methodology (not a specific software tool)
  • Core Findings:
    • Identifies a gap in educational institutions regarding effective connections among teachers, students, and parents.
    • Suggests that mobile applications, when properly developed and tested, can significantly improve this connectivity.
    • Underlines the importance of rigorous protocol development to assess educational technology efficacy.

Source 4: 2022 Establish a Digital Real-Time Learning System With Push Notifications

  • Authors: Hsin-Te, Wu
  • Year: 2022
  • Title (as in matrix): Establish a Digital Real-Time Learning System With Push Notifications
  • Method: Quantitative
  • Sample: Students
  • Tool: Digital Notification System
  • Core Findings:
    • Push-notification system significantly improved the accuracy and efficiency of roll calls in online classes.
    • Random notifications and recorded responses help monitor student attention and engagement in real time.
    • The automated approach reduced teachers’ workload by eliminating manual attendance checks.
    • Interaction data are stored for future analysis of student learning behavior and participation patterns.

Source 5: 2020 IoT-Based Student Monitoring System for Smart School Applications

  • Authors: Warse Hemdani, Rahendra Herlianto, et al.
  • Year: 2020
  • Title (as in matrix): IoT-Based Student Monitoring System for Smart School Applications
  • Method: IoT/Technology-focused study
  • Sample: Students
  • Tools: BLE Beacons (Bluetooth Low Energy), Database System, CCTV Cameras
  • Core Findings:
    • IoT-based monitoring effectively tracks student presence and identity verification via face recognition.
    • BLE beacons and CCTV work together to automate attendance without manual input.
    • Demonstrates that IoT tools can be integrated to provide reliable, efficient monitoring in a smart classroom setting.

Source 6: 2022 Online and Observed: Student Privacy Implications of School‑Issued Devices and Student Activity Monitoring Software

  • Authors: CDT Madrigal, D. H., Venzke, C., et al.
  • Year: 2022
  • Title (as in matrix): Online and Observed: Student Privacy Implications of School‑Issued Devices and Student Activity Monitoring Software
  • Method: Qualitative (Case Studies, Website Analysis)
  • Sample: Students/School Officials
  • Tool: Case studies, website analysis
  • Core Findings:
    • Digital monitoring systems raise privacy concerns due to lack of transparency, consent, and clear policy guidelines.
    • Systems often collect sensitive data, which can affect how students interact online and potentially limit open expression.
    • Emphasizes the need for governance, consent, and clear policies to balance engagement and privacy.

Synthesis: Cross-cutting Themes

  • Real-time communication and engagement
    • Several sources stress real-time or near-real-time communication as a core benefit of mobile apps and push notification systems.
    • EduPing should prioritize real-time updates, reminders, and direct access to announcements to improve responsiveness.
  • Accessibility and inclusivity
    • Systematic reviews emphasize inclusive design to support diverse learners (SEND, etc.).
    • EduPing should incorporate accessibility features and inclusive design principles.
  • Automation and workload reduction for teachers
    • Automated attendance and status updates can reduce teacher workload and allow more focus on instruction.
  • Trust, transparency, and privacy
    • Privacy concerns are prominent in studies of school-issued devices and monitoring software.
    • EduPing must address data governance, consent, transparency, and user control to mitigate privacy risks.
  • Methodological considerations
    • The literature includes systematic review protocols (PRISMA-P), qualitative case studies, and quantitative experiments, indicating a mixed-methods approach is appropriate for EduPing evaluation.
  • Practical implications for school ecosystems
    • Interoperability with existing systems, data security, and clear usage policies are essential for successful adoption.

Implications for EduPing: What to Incorporate

  • Real-time, scalable communication channels among students, faculty, and parents
  • Push-notification mechanisms with configurable delivery and response tracking
  • Privacy-by-design features: data minimization, clear consent, transparent data usage policies, and user controls
  • Inclusive design considerations to support diverse learners (e.g., SEND)
  • Automated attendance and engagement analytics with ethical safeguards
  • Clear governance framework: policies, auditing, and compliance with institutional guidelines

Ethical, Philosophical, and Practical Considerations

  • Privacy and consent
    • Align with best practices from the privacy-focused literature: obtain informed consent, minimize data collection, and provide easy-to-understand privacy notices.
  • Transparency and trust
    • Ensure users understand what data is collected, how it is used, and who has access; publish policy details and updates.
  • Equity and access
    • Address potential digital divides; ensure the app remains usable across devices and connectivity scenarios.
  • Open expression and autonomy
    • Design to minimize chilling effects; avoid over-surveillance that could deter student participation.
  • Governance and policy alignment
    • Integrate with school policies and legal frameworks; establish data retention, access controls, and incident response plans.

Measurement and Evaluation Considerations (LaTeX Rendered Concepts)

  • Proposed metrics to evaluate EduPing effectiveness:
    • Real-time communication effectiveness: E{RTC} = rac{N{ack}}{N_{messages}}, where
    • N_{ack} = number of acknowledgments from recipients
    • N_{messages} = total messages sent
    • Attendance/engagement improvement: A{improve} = rac{A{post} - A{pre}}{A{pre}}, where A{pre} and A{post} are attendance/engagement baselines and post-implementation metrics
    • User satisfaction: measured via survey scores on a 1–5 scale
    • Privacy posture: compliance score with governance policies (qualitative + checklist)
  • Conceptual framework for EduPing evaluation (hypothetical):
    • Let
    • A = attention/engagement indicators
    • R = response-time efficiency
    • P = participation rate
    • Then an overall Engagement Score can be modeled as:
    • E = hetaA A + hetaR (1/R) + heta_P P
    • where hetaA, hetaR, heta_P are weights reflecting importance, and lower R (response time) improves the term due to the inverse relationship.
  • Data governance and ethical review
    • Establish an ongoing ethics review process to monitor privacy risks and adapt policies as the system evolves.

Connections to Foundational Principles

  • Communication theory in education
    • Real-time, low-friction communication channels can enhance information dissemination and stakeholder involvement.
  • Human–computer interaction (HCI) in education
    • Usability, accessibility, and trust are central to effective adoption of educational apps.
  • Data ethics and governance
    • Transparent data practices and consent are foundational for implementing monitoring and analytics in schools.
  • Systemic thinking
    • EduPing should align with school ecosystems, not operate in isolation; interoperability and policy alignment are essential for success.

Practical Next Steps for EduPing Development

  • Define core features aligned with literature findings:
    • Real-time messaging for students, teachers, and parents
    • Push notifications for important updates and reminders
    • Attendance and engagement analytics with privacy safeguards
  • Design for privacy by default:
    • Data minimization, clear consent mechanisms, user-friendly privacy notices
  • Plan evaluation strategy:
    • Mixed-methods: quantitative metrics (engagement, attendance, response times) and qualitative feedback from stakeholders
  • Draft governance documentation:
    • Data retention schedules, access controls, incident response, and opt-out options when feasible