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Preschool Nutrition & Milestones Study Guide

Preschool Nutrition & Milestones Study Guide

Part 1: Study Guide Format

Nutrition & Dietary Guidelines

  • A healthy eating pattern includes a variety of:
    • Vegetables
    • Fruits
    • Whole Grains
    • Low-Fat Dairy
    • Protein Sources
  • Limitations:
    • Saturated fats
    • Added sugars
    • Sodium
  • Calcium:
    • Crucial for bone growth in children aged 1–8 years.
  • Recommended Calorie Intake for Children Aged 3–5 Years:
    • Range: 1000–1600 calories/day, depending on activity level and sex.
    • Supported by 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines: True.

MyPlate System

  • Provides guidance on:
    • Meal and snack ideas
    • Picky eater tips
    • Food safety advice
  • Purpose:
    • Helps families promote healthy eating and activity habits.
    • Statement: True.

Preschool Food Behaviors

  • Common behaviors in older preschoolers:
    • Often resist trying new foods.
    • Refusing to try new foods is a regular occurrence.
  • Skill Proficiency:
    • Preschoolers are NOT proficient in:
    • Using knives
    • Pouring from large containers; this statement is False.

Food Allergies & Early Introduction

  • Prevalence of Food Allergies in Preschoolers in the U.S.:
    • Estimated at 8.3 ext{%}.
  • Most Common Allergies:
    • Peanut
    • Milk
    • Egg
    • Tree Nuts
  • Impact of Early Introduction:
    • Early introduction of peanut-containing foods in high-risk infants significantly reduces the prevalence of peanut allergy.

Dental Health

  • Socioeconomic Status:
    • Low socioeconomic status is linked to a higher prevalence of dental caries.
  • Misconception:
    • The statement that increased frequency of dental caries is due to lack of fluoride/sealants is False.

Preschool Growth & Milestones

  • 5-Year-Old Milestones:
    • Able to skip
    • Can walk on tiptoes
    • Can broad jump
    • Can count to 10
    • Prints some letters and numbers
    • Begins to understand concepts of right vs. wrong; fair vs. unfair

Part 2: Q&A Format

Questions related to Preschool Milestones

  • 5-Year-Old:

    • Capable of skipping, walking on tiptoes, broad jumping, counting to 10, printing some letters & numbers, and learning concepts of right & wrong.

  • Critical Nutrient for Bone Growth (Aged 1-8):

    • Calcium.

  • Components of a Healthy Eating Pattern:

    • A variety of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, low-fat dairy, protein sources, with limited saturated fats, sugars, and sodium.

  • Factors Associated with Dental Caries Prevalence:

    • Low socioeconomic status.

  • Common Behavioral Observation in Older Preschoolers:

    • Refusing to try new foods.

  • MyPlate System Utility Statement:

    • True; it provides guidance on meals and snacks, tips for picky eaters, and food safety.

  • Impact of Early Introduction of Peanut Foods (According to Du Toit et al.):

    • Reduced prevalence of peanut allergy among high-risk infants.

  • Claim on Dental Caries Frequency Due to Preventive Measures Lack:

    • False; frequency increase is not solely due to the lack of fluoride toothpaste and dental sealants.

  • Recommended Daily Calorie Intake for Children Aged 3 to 5 Years:

    • 1000–1600 calories/day according to the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
    • Statement: True.

  • Skill Proficiency of Preschoolers with Knives and Liquid Pouring:

    • False; preschoolers are not proficient in using knives or pouring liquids from large containers without assistance.

  • Food Allergies Prevalence Statement:

    • True; the prevalence among preschool-aged children in the United States is estimated at 8.3 ext{%}, with peanut, milk, egg, and tree nut allergies being the most common.