Honors Biology Quiz

Metabolism

  • All of the chemical reactions within each cell of an organism.

  • Provides energy for life's processes 

  • Creates key molecules

  • Chemical reactions=the breaking and forming of bonds between different substances during chemical reactions

  • Bonds

    • Breaking a bond requires energy to be absorbed

    • Forming a bond allows energy to be released

    • No energy is lost, but only changed

  • Catabolic

    • Breaks down larger molecules into simpler compounds-> a release in energy=exergonic

  • Anabolic

    • Build larger molecules from smaller ones -> requires consuming energy to do it = endergonic

Reactants

  • Substances that are changed during a chemical reaction

Products

  • Substances that are made by a chemical reactions

Types of Reactions

  • Endothermic

    • Absorbs energy (photosynthesis)

  • Exothermic

    • Releases energy (cellular respiration)

Key Biochemical Reactions

  • PHOTOSYNTHESIS

    • 6CO2 + 6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 602 

    • Light energy is stored as chemical energy in sugar(endothermic)

  • CELLULAR RESPIRATION

    • C6H12O6 + 602 -> 6CO2 + 6H20

    • Chemical energy in sugar is converted to chemical energy released as ATP(exothermic)

Enzymes

  • Metabolic reactions are controlled by enzymes

  • Enzymes

    • Mostly protein that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy

  • Because they speed up reactions called catalyst

    • Substances that speed up reactions with being permanently altered

  • Enzymes are very specialized molecules that bind to reactants and help to break or form bonds -> realising a newly created product

  • Enzymes are not changed in a reaction and can be used over and over again

  • They are critical for resolution of life’s processes in all organisms

  • Enzymes are very specific