The study of heredity in genetics
-hormone
-chemicals
-deficiency -vitamins/minerals
-infection
-inbreeding
-parents
Teratogenic- an agent or factor that can cause structural or functional birth defects in a developing fetus
Congenital abnormalities
Classified according to effects on the fetus
Free Martin- twins born to a cow when one is male and one is female.
Congenital hypotrichosis in cattle ( ectodermal dysplasia)
Genetic anomalies of genetic origins
-Genotype- refers to the actual genetic make up of an individual
-Phenotype- refers to physical traits that are visible
dominant gene- which one covers or overshadows the expression of the other member gene pair
recessive gene- gene that is masked or overshadowed in the presence of a dominant gene
homozygous- gene pairs alike (BB)
heterozygous- gene pairs differ (Bb)
Environmental factors can cause congenital abnormalities that resemble genetic defects
lethal in sheep
Anencephaly- absence of brain
Toxic plants ( corn lily, wild corn, cow cabbage)
Lethal in swine