OT finals study guide

Introductory Lectures 

1. Can you define the three parts of the Old Testament in the Hebrew order? 

   1. Torah, Prophets, Writings

2. Can you define the two sections of the second part of the Old Testament in the Hebrew order? 

   1. Former prophets, latter prophets

3. Can you define the three usages of the word “Torah”? 

   1. instruction, law, custom/manner

4. Can you define the four traits of the biblical text that reflect the traits of God? 

   1. Inherent-withoug any error, infallible-will not lead reader astray, sufficient-provides all needed to worship God, authoritative-binding upon a believer

5. Can you define the two main comparisons of the Torah? What do we learn from these two comparisons? 

   1. adam/Israel->the common problem that the reader faces

   2. Abraham/Moses->two possible ways to address the solution to the problem

6. Can you define the two main patterns of the Torah? What doctrines do we learn through these two patterns? 

   1. narrative-poetry-epilogue->Teaches eschatology- how things will end for humanity

   2. covenant-stipulation-failure->teaches ethics-Explains how the Torah’s narratives and poetry relate to each other

7. Can you define the two main paradigms of the Torah? What idea do these two paradigms wrestle with? 

   1. exile/return->how God’s kingdom approaches so that man can live

   2. word/spirit->how God creates life with Him

8. What phrase about time appears in the pattern that links narrative and poetry? 

   1. In the end of the days

9. Can you define the elements of the Abrahamic Covenant according to your professor? 

   1. Seed and the land 

10. Can you define the main element of the Mosaic Covenant that the Abrahamic Covenant lacks? 

    1. Law 

11. What language was the OT written in?

    1. hebrew w/little aramaic

Torah Lectures 

1. What is the problem/ dilemma of the Torah? 

   1. man’s heart is continually bound up in sin, leaving him in exile from God

2. What is the solution/ hope of the Torah?

   1. seed of abraham which is Christ 

3. How do the two covenants of the Torah “end” in the end of the days? 

   1. man dwelling with God in the end of the days 

4. What genres are in the Torah?

   1. narrative , poetry, law codes, genealogy

Genesis 

1. What is the Hebrew name (in English) for Genesis? 

   1. In the beginning

2. According to the lectures, the author teaches the doctrine of creation so that we might learn about what doctrine? 

   1. God is creator

   2. Man was created to worship

   3. Man was made in God’s image

   4. God’s work in 6 days transformed what was “unfit and of no use” for man and made it “good” and “very good”

3. What roles did God give Adam in Gen 1-2? 

   1. Prophet priest king

4. What did God command Adam and Eve in Gen 1?

   1. be fruitful and multiply 

5. Explain Adam and Eve’s encounter with the serpent in light of wisdom: did they gain wisdom when they ate from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil?

   1. the eating from the tree of the knowledge establishes mere human wisdom by the rejection of God’s wisdom

6.  What two traits of God’s judgment show up in Gen 3? Why did God’s judgment have these two traits? What is God trying to create? 

   1. patient-To create life now (through repentance)

   2. perfect-To create life in the end (through the complete ending of all idols)

7. Where did God send Adam after he sinned and hid from God’s presence? 

   1. Out of the garden into exile

8. What did God promise to do for Adam after he sinned and hid from God’s presence? 

   1. Seed of the woman will overcome the seed of the serpent and return man to God’s presense 

9. Can you define who the fathers are? 

   1. Abraham, isaac, jacob

10. Can you define who the exiled brothers are? 

    1. Lot, Ishmael, Esau

11. What is God choosing the fathers and their seed to do? 

    1. Bless all nations 

12. How will God’s choosing of the fathers impact the exiled brothers? 

    1. God still protects and blesses them

13. What mountain did Abraham ascend with Isaac to serve as a burnt offering? 

    1. Mt moriah

14. Can you define the nature of the test that God gave when Abraham took Isaac on the mountain? 

    1. Test of faith

15. Can you explain Abraham’s dialogue with the lads and with Isaac on the way to the mountain?

    1. We will go up, we will worship, we will return

16. Can you explain what the author promises will be provided on the mount of the LORD? 

    1. The lamb

17. Can you list the most important sons of Jacob? 

    1. Levi, judah, benjamin, joseph

18. Can you explain how Joseph’s story reminds the reader of earlier parts of Genesis? 

19. Who are the two brothers who are wrestling to be like Joseph? 

    1. Benjamin and judah

20. Which brother looks like Joseph in his birth in the narrative? 

    1. benjamin

21. Which brother looks like Joseph in the poetry? 

    1. judah

22. Why did his brothers send Joseph to Egypt? 

    1. Because they were jealous of his relationship with Jacob

23. Which two brothers wrestled to save Joseph from being killed? 

    1. Reubon and Judah

24. Which brothers’ plan prevailed? 

    1. judah

25. Why did God send Joseph to Egypt? 

    1. To preserve life in the coming famine. To preview the messiah

26. Who was with Joseph in Egypt? 

    1. God

27. Why did Jacob not want to send Benjamin to Egypt to get food? 

    1. He didnt want his other favorite son to die

28. What patterns show up in Joseph’s story with dreams? 

    1. God’s judgement is coming

29. What does the poem of Gen 49 teach the reader about the promised seed of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob?

    1. God works even when His people fail

Exodus 

1. What is the Hebrew name (in English) for Exodus? 

   1. The book of names

2. What is God’s proper name at the burning bush, and what does it mean? 

   1. I AM-i am with you I am good to you

3. What is the sign (the final proof) that God sent Moses at the burning bush? 

   1. Water from the nile becoming blood

4. When God blessed Israel at the beginning of Exodus, how did the king of Egypt respond? 

   1. Harshly and in fear of rebellion

5. What did he try to do three times? 

   1. Curse israel

6. Why is God hardening Pharaoh’s heart? 

   1. good motive so that God’s life may show up for Egypt

7. Why is Pharaoh hardening his heart? 

   1. bad motive and opposition to God

8. What was the last of the ten signs? 

   1. The passover

9. What was the lesson that God asked Israel to learn at the Red Sea that some of the Egyptians learned? 

   1.  God tells them to stop complaining and to see the salvation of the LORD because the LORD is fighting for them

10. What were the three responses to God’s salvation of Israel? 

    1. Israel complains

    2. Amalek wages war on them

    3. Jethro worships

11. What did God want his people to be at the beginning of Exod 19? 

    1. A kingdom of priests

12. What was Israel supposed to do in Exod 19:16? 

    1. Go up on Mt Sinai

13. What did Israel do in Exod 19:16? 

    1. Trembled and disobeyed God

14. Can you explain the relation of faith and fear in Exod 19-20? 

    1. Bad fear stems from a lack of faith, good fear stems from an abundance of faith

15. What kind of fear did Israel have before the Ten Words? 

    1. Bad fear

16. What kind of fear did Israel have after the Ten Words? 

    1. Good fear

17. What did Israel ask for in Exod 20:18ff? How is that good? 

    1. For God’s words to become Moses’s words

18. Can you explain the ban from Mosaic Cvt 1.0? 

    1. Any idolatrous nation was subject to destruction. Mans death in God’s presence 

19. Can you explain who will perform the ban on the land of Canaan in Mosaic Cvt 1.0? 

    1. God’s messenger who will have God’s name in Him

20. Can you explain what traits of God are exposed on this day in Exod 19? 

    1. His perfect and patient judgement

21. Can you explain the difference between what happened in Exod 25-31 and 35-40? 

    1. 25-31-tabernacle instructions

    2. 35-40-building of the tabernacle

22. Can you explain God’s judgment on Israel in Exod 32-34? 

    1. 3k people die so the other 2 mil can live

23. Why did God show mercy on Israel after the golden calf? 

    1. For His name’s sake and the nations’ sake

24. How does this judgment compare to the fall in Gen 3? 

    1. Both are for the sake of us, and both are patient and perfect

25. How does this judgment relate to the pattern with the law codes and the narratives in the Torah? 

    1. The narrative shows the circumstance and the law codes are made to fit the circumstance, yet each one shows that Israel’s heart is unchanged by law codes

26. Why do the law codes change in the Torah?

    1. The sin struggles change

27.  Can you explain how the tabernacle relates to Mt Sinai?

    1. Its a picture of sinai 

28. Can you explain the most important part of the tabernacle? 

    1. The holy of holies, where God’s presence dwells

29. What are the two purposes of the tabernacle, according to your professor? 

    1. Brings God close, keeps God away

30. What did the law codes create for Israel and then for the reader, according to your professor?

    1. Failure and knowledge of failure

Leviticus 

1. What is the Hebrew name (in English) for Leviticus? 

   1. And He called

2. What will it take for a man to enter the tabernacle and go to the holy of holies? 

   1. sacrifices

3. What does the Holy of Holies preview? 

   1. When man can be in God’s presence

4. Who are the priests who are allowed to enter into the tabernacle to minister? 

   1. Descendants of aaron

5. How do the cleanliness laws (Lev 11-15) relate to approaching the tabernacle? 

   1. That which is unclean is not ready to approach God at the tabernacle, That which is clean is ready to approach God at the tabernacle.

6. How do the holiness laws (Lev 17-27) relate to the need for God’s holiness in His people? 

   1. repeats how God’s people and priests must be holy because God is holy = distinct (set apart) from the nations

7. How do the sacrifices of the day of atonement(s) relate to the priest’s and the people’s sins in other parts of the Torah’s narratives? 

   1. Sacrificing the goats recalls israels struggle with goat idolatry and the bull symbolizes the golden calf

8. How often was the day of the atonements held? 

   1. Once anually

9. What does the day of atonements teach about what is needed to atone for sin? 

   1. It shows that holy and perfect sacrifices are needed

10. How are both blessings and curses tied to God being good to and loving His people? 

    1. They both teach the way to life and protect them from the ultimate cure

11. What is the ultimate blessing? 

    1. Life with God

12. What is the ultimate curse?

    1. Eternal separation from God

Numbers 

1. What is the Hebrew name (in English) for Numbers? 

   1. In the wilderness

2. If the law codes did not create faith, what was good about the laws for Israel as they depart Sinai? 

   1. they provide order for Israel as seen here and 

   2. they provide wisdom for the reader

3. What problems plagued Israel before and after Sinai? 

   1. Sin, idolatry, complaining

4. What does this say about how effective the law codes were in ending sin? 

   1. They were not effective

5. What did ten of the twelve spies say when they returned from spying the land?

   1. the land is good, especially as is shown in its abundant fruit, but they also contend that the people of the land are giants, very powerful. Therefore they said it would be impossible to go into canaan

6. How did God respond to Israel not going to the land? 

   1. God shows mercy to Israel by renewing the covenant but he bars all of the adults from that day, the whole congregation of Israel, from entering into the promised land

7. How was God being good to Israel in His response to not sending them into the land? 

   1. It delays their death

8. How does God’s response compare to the fall (Gen 3), the day of the Assembly (Exod 19), and the Golden Calf (Exod 32)? 

   1. His patient and perfect judgement shows up so that they can live

9. Who (major characters and stories) rebelled against God after leaving Mt. Sinai in Numbers? 

   1. Korah (says that all israelites should serve in the tabernacle, leads 250 people to confront moses and aaron)

10. What reason does the author give that Moses and Aaron will not lead Israel into the promised land? 

    1. Their faith was too weak

11. How do Balaam’s poems (Num 23-24) compare to the beginning of Exodus? 

    1. Exo 1-2: 3 times Pharaoh tried to curse Israel, but each time it became a blessing

12. What similarities are there between Balaam’s poems and Jacob’s poem in Gen 49? 

    1. They interpret preceding narrative’s picture of what God did in the past into a poetic picture of what God will do in the future

13. What did many of the nations do against Israel in the wilderness years? 

    1. Wage war

14. What is the good of the cities of refuge? 

    1. Some of the Levitical cities. 6 of the 48 cities. places where someone who accidentally killed someone may go to so that he may escape the judgment of the dead man’s family

15. What is the need for the Levitical cities? 

    1. They needed a place to live but they needed to be among the other tribes to take care of the tabernacle and teach the torah

16. How were the law codes shown to have limits with the daughters who had no inheritance for their father’s name?

    1. They have to marry a man from manasseh showing that the Law codes are limited in what they can accomplish

Deuteronomy 

1. What is the Hebrew name (in English) for Deuteronomy? 

   1. These are the words

2. What are the names of the three speeches according to the lectures? 

   1. Torah as story, torah as law, torah as book

3. What story does the first speech tell? 

   1. Explains the torah as a story of what happened after the laws were given to israel

4. How does the second speech divide between? 

   1. Deut 5–11 explains the Torah as Law via the Ten Commandments (Deut 5), the Shema (Deut 6) and the principles of the laws giving (Deut 7–11)

   2. That is, the second half of this speech, Deut 12–26, applies the Ten Commandments, the Shema and the law’s principles to specific law codes for this new generation

5. What does the third speech say about Moses’ word and God’s words? 

   1. God will be present by Moses’ Word as He was in Moses’ life.

6. In the first speech, what choice awaits the new generation? 

   1. to fear and trust God to bring them into the promised land like Abraham did or to fear the nations in the promised land and reject God’s call to go into it

7. In the first speech, why is the day of the assembly (Exod 19) so important? 

   1. The next generation will need to remember the lesson from the day when God descended on Mt Sinai: the Day of the Assembly

8. In the first speech, what will happen to Israel after Moses’ last day? 

   1. They will rebel again and be sent into exile

9. In the first speech, will Israel go into the land? 

   1. yes

10. In the first speech, will Israel be able to stay in the land? 

    1. No they will eventually be exiled 

11. In the first speech, what does God promise will happen to Israel in the end of the days? 

    1. They will return to God

12. In the second speech, what is the relationship between fear and faith in the day of the assembly? 

    1. Their faith was not enough and their fear prevented them from obeying God

13. In the second speech, how does the day of the assembly relate to man’s death in God’s presence? 

    1. Israel couldn’t approach God

14. In the second speech, what does Israel eventually ask for on the day of the assembly? 

    1. God’s words to become Moses’ word

15. In the second speech, is what Israel asked for good or bad? 

    1. good

16. In the second speech, how does the shema relate to the ten words? 

    1. The shema is the ultimate fulfillment of the 10 words

17. In the second speech, how does the shema relate to fearing God? 

    1. To fear God is to love him and obey him

18. In the second speech, what are the principles of the law codes being given? 

    1. It places the law codes in a larger context than the 1st speech

19. In the second speech, how do the particular law codes relate to the Ten Words and the Shema? 

    1. They apply the 10 words and shema to more specific situations

20. In the second speech, how do these particular law codes relate to the law codes from Mt. Sinai?

    1. It places the law codes in a larger context than the 1st speech

21. In the second speech, why does God promise the Prophet Like Moses?

    1. Because moses brought God’s word and delayed Israels death by advocating for them

22. In the third speech, what is the central problem of the whole Torah in one verse?

    1. Deuteronomy 29:4 

23. In the third speech, what is the hope for the reader and Israel? 

    1. God will return his people to him

24. In the third speech, what is the hope of Deut 30:3? 

    1. God will show them mercy, shuv shuvot, and gather them

25. In the third speech, whose action in Deut 30:6 will make this hope happen? 

    1. The LORD

26. In the third speech, what will be changed in Deut 30:6 In the third speech, what will be near to the reader and Israel after Moses’ death? 

    1. Their hearts will be changed by moses words (AKA God’s words) and God’s presence

27. In the third speech, how will God be present with Israel and the reader as he was with Israel at Sinai and at the Red Sea? 

    1. Through his word

28. After the third speech, what does Moses’ Song (Deut 32) teach? 

    1. God’s affection will be shown by how he handles Israel’s rebellion

29. Where will Israel go? 

    1. exile

30. How does this poem (Deut 32) relate to the Mos Cvt? 

    1. Reminds Israel of how God kept the covenant 

31. How does this poem (Deut 32) relate to the pattern of Covenant-Stipulation-Failure? 

    1. Reminds israel of God’s covenant, the stipulations, and Israels failure to uphold it

32. How does this poem (Deut 32) relate to the pattern of Narrative-Poetry-Epilogue?

    1. Its a poem which shows how to read the narratives  

33. After the third speech, what does Moses’ Blessing (Deut 33) teach?

    1. God finishes what he starts because the blessing shows israel and the nations living with God

34. Where will Israel go, and who will be there with him? 

    1. The land where God dwells

    2. The nations

35. After the third speech when Moses dies, Israel is waiting for whom and what?

    1. A prophet like moses

    2.  Salvation and life with God in the end of the days

The Prophets (the Former Prophets) 

1. Lectures What are the two parts of the Prophets? 

   1. Former and latter

2. What are the genres of the two parts of the Prophets? 

   1. Poetry and narrative 

3. What problem will show up in the Prophets? 

   1. They have sin issues that they can’t fix on their own

4. What hope will be found in the Prophets? 

   1. The coming messiah and son of david who will fix it

5. What chapter is the most important part of the Prophets? 

   1. 2 sam 7 davidic covenant 

6. Be able to explain how Joshua-Kings forms one book. 

   1. The author writes to explain to his readers that we must wait for the Son, the Temple, the Throne, the Kingdom and the City of God (the new Jerusalem in the new heavens and earth).

7. Be able to explain where Joshua-Kings finds its dilemma and its hope

   1. Dilemma sin, hope messiah

Joshua 

1. Be able to explain whether Joshua and his conquest were successful or not. 

   1. They were not successful because they didn’t kill all the canaanites and they didnt conquer hearts

2. Be able to explain how God is just or not just in the conquest of Canaan. 

   1. He is just because we all deserve death in God’s presence and he didn’t want their sin and idolatry to spread to the israelites 

3. Be able to explain parallels between Joshua and Moses. 

   1. Moses parted red sea, josh jordan. Red cord like the passover. Both prophet, priest, king

4. Be able to explain how God wanted Israel to conquer Jericho. 

   1. March around the wall with their trumpets and marched around 7 times on the 7th day and it crumbled down

5. Be able to explain why the original attack on Ai failed. 

   1. Because joshua and friends tried to do it on their own without talking to God first, and achan coveted the idol

6. Be able to explain why Achan had to be judged. 

   1. Because he coveted the idol

7. Be able to explain the Gibeonite’s deception of Joshua and Israel. 

   1. Gibeonites pretended they were from a foreign land so that the israelites wouldnt kill them and would make a covenant with them

8. What are the most important implications of Joshua’s speeches at the end of Joshua’s book?

   1. As for me and my house we will serve the LORD

Judges 

1. Be able to explain the cycle (pattern) of Judges. 

   1. Israel sins, God raises up an adversary, israel cries out for help, God raises up a deliverer/judge

2. Be able to explain what some of the Judges did. 

   1. deborah–defeated Sisera, commander of a Canaanite army–gave Israel peace for about 40 years. ehud–stabbed and slayed Eglon king of Moab–gave Israel peace for about 80 years. gideon–destroyed an altar of Baal and led an army of 300 to defeat Midian

3. Be able to explain what a biblical Judge is (not Judge Judy).

   1. A military leader who provides temporarily deliverance for israel

4. Be able to explain what nation the author compares Israel to in the end of Judges. 

   1. Sodom 

5. Be able to explain the phrases at the end of Judges. 

   1. In those days there was no king in israel, they did what was right in their own eyes

6. Be able to explain what happens without judges.

   1. Death and crime

1-2 Samuel 

1. Be able to explain who the three kings were over United Israel. 

   1. Saul david solomon

2. Be able to explain how Joshua-Kings explains the promise to David in 2 Samuel 7. 

   1. Explains that we need to wait for the Son of david

3. Be able to explain why 2 Samuel 7 is the most important chapter in Joshua-Kings. 

   1. Because its the davidic covenant/points to the messiah

4. Be able to explain the importance of Hannah’s story and her poem. 

   1. Her poem is her praising God, her story is important because it shows true faith and surrender to God

5. Be able to explain the relationship between Hannah’s poem (1 Sam 2) and David’s poems (2 Sam 22, 23). 

   1. They both praise God in hard times. God is the salvation of his people

6. Be able to explain what Jonathan gave up to be joined to David and his promised rule. 

   1. Gave up his throne

7. Be able to explain why God judged Saul. 

   1. Saul tried to do things his way instead of Gods way

8. Be able to explain how the author shows why Saul and his house failed. 

   1. Saul trusted himself more than God. pure disobedience

9. Be able to explain how the author showed the failure of David and his many sons. 

   1. Bathseba, census, children crazy

10. Be able to explain how the poems of 1 Sam 2 and 2 Sam 22-23 help us to read 2 Samuel 7 and the whole book.

    1. Points to the need for a messiah

1-2 Kings

1. Be able to explain how the author shows Solomon as a picture of the Messiah but not as the Messiah. 

   1. Son of david, wisdom, built temple

2. Be able to explain why Solomon fails and what the consequences are on him, his sons and his kingdom. 

   1. Da womans. Consequences are that the kingdom would soon be divided

3. Be able to explain the most important tribe in the southern Kingdom (Judah). 

   1. judah-Its where the messiah would come from

4. Be able to explain the most important tribe in the Northern Kingdom (Ephraim). 

   1. Ephraim-largest tribe and head of the new kingdom

5. Be able to explain the different names of the Northern Kingdom. 

   1. Israel and ephraim

6. Be able to explain which gentile nation exiled the Northern Kingdom. 

   1. assyria

7. Be able to explain which gentile nation exiled the Southern Kingdom. 

   1. babylon

8. Be able to explain the first king of the Northern Kingdom: Jeroboam. 

   1. jereboam->made 2 golden calves, appointed priests who are not levites

9. Be able to explain how Jeroboam’s sin reflects Aaron’s sin with the golden calf. 

   1. He doubled the sin

10. Be able to explain the first king of the Southern Kingdom: Rehoboam. 

    1. rehoboam->king of judah, kid of solomon, not great, wanted to go to war

11. Be able to explain how both God and Rehoboam managed to cause rebellion against him by the Northern tribes. 

    1. He made people mad by going to the elders, wouldnt reduce the taxes

12. Be able to explain why the Torah calls for a Tabernacle but Solomon builds a Temple. 

    1. Because they thought God deserved a bigger better temple 

13. Be able to explain why David doesn’t build the temple. 

    1. Too much blood on his hang

14. Be able to explain the major typological pairs in these stories: 1) Moses-Joshua, 2) DavidSolomon, 3) Elijah-Elisha and 4) Hezekiah and Josiah. 

    1. 1.Prophet priest king. 2.two kings who could potentially be THE king but werent, 3. Elisha had a double portion of elijahs spirit 4. Were good kings but couldnt change hearts

15. How do they show traits of the Messiah? 

    1. Good kings

16. How does the author show that they are not the Messiah? 

    1. Because they couldnt change peoples hearts

17. Be able to explain why the destruction of the Temple and Jerusalem is not the ending of the promise to David and Abraham? 

    1. Because the messiah was still coming 

18. Be able to explain what Josiah could not do that the Messiah will be able to do. 

    1. Change hearts

19. Be able to explain who did more miracles, Elijah or Elisha, and why this is important. 

    1. Elisha. Because he asked for it

20. Be able to explain who Elijah looked like when he ran from Jezebel. .

    1. moses

21. Be able to explain how the ending of the Torah relates to the opening of the Former Prophets (Deut 34 and Josh 1). 

    1. Deu 34-moses died new generation. Josh 1-joshua is their leader and they are ready to go

22. Be able to explain the role of 2 Kings 17 in Joshua-Kings. 

    1. Assyria attacks, israel goes into exile

23. Be able to explain why 2 Kings ends with its final paragraph about Jehoiachin in exile.

    1. Because now they in exile but they will eventually return 

The Latter Prophets 

1. Be able to explain how the Latter Prophets relate to the Former Prophets. 

   1. Former prophets show israels sin problem, latter prophets show the coming solution

2. Be able to explain how the Latter Prophets relate to the Torah. 

   1. Latter prophets tell about identity and activity of the seed promised in the torah. Exile and return

3. What problem does the Latter Prophets answer from the ending of the Former Prophets?

   1. Latter prophets show that they will come back from exile which happened in the end of the former prophets

Isaiah 

1. What is the dilemma of the book of Isaiah? 

   1. northern kingdom exiled by assyria

2. What parts of Deuteronomy is Isaiah explaining? 

   1. 32 & 33

3. What does God call Israel to do in Isa 1 in response to this sin?

   1. wash themself, cleanse themself, repent, turn away from their sin 

4. What does Isa 2 depict for the end of the days? 

   1. that all the nations will go to the mountain and worship the LORD

5. Where do the ideas for Isa 2 come from according to the lectures? 

   1. what moses wrote in the torah

6. What happens in Isa 6? 

   1. Isaiah encounters God’s presence in the heavenly temple

7. What is Isaiah’s call in Isa 6? 

   1. warn the people about exile if they continue in their sin

8. How will Israel respond to God’s mission for Isaiah in Isa 6? 

   1. israel rejects God

9. How long will it last? 

   1. until cities lie in ruins without inhabitants

10. What was the sign of Isaiah 7? 

    1. a virgin will concieve 7:14

11. Which King does Isaiah address in Isa 7? 

    1. ahaz

12. How does this king respond in Isaiah 7? 

    1. he says he will not ask for a sign and test God

13. How does the author explain the sign of Isa 7 in Isa 9 and 11? 

    1. The promised Immanuel will be the Son of David on an everlasting throne

14. What happens to Isaiah’s ministry in 8:16ff? 

    1. his book is sealed to be understood later

15. How does Isa 13-23 relate to the sign and promise of Isa 7? 

    1. Judgment and Salvation for the Nations (stretch Isa 7 to all peoples)

16. How does Isa 24-35 relate to the sign and promise of Isa 7? 

    1. Apocalyptic Vision (stretching Isa 7 to all generations)

17. How does Isa 36-39 relate to the rest of the book? 

    1. (2 Kin 18–19) Jerusalem is as good as dead (but finds life)

18. How does Isa 40-66 relate to the sign and promise of Isa 7? 

    1. Shows the activity of the coming messiah

19. From which other biblical book does Isa 36-39 come? 

    1. 2 kings

20. Which King of Judah disobeyed God and Isaiah in the book? 

    1. manassah

21. Which King of Judah obeyed God and Isaiah in the book? 

    1. hezekiah

22. Which nation attacked Jerusalem and surrounded it in the middle of the book? 

    1. babylon

23. In Isa 40-55, what title does the author give the Messiah in 4 songs? 

    1. The suffering servant

24. In Isa 53, what does the Messiah do in the last of these 4 songs? 

    1. Intercede for us and bear our sins

25. In Isa 56-66, what does the Messiah create from his actions in Isa 53?

    1. Return from exile 

Jeremiah 

1. To whom is Jeremiah a prophet?

   1. judah

2.  Where did Jeremiah spend most of his ministry in the book?

   1. exile

3. What chapters of Deuteronomy does Jeremiah feature? 

   1. 28-29

4. Which nation attacked Jerusalem in Jeremiah’s day? 

   1. babylon

5. What phrase from Deuteronomy shows up all over Jer 29-33? 

   1. Shuv shevot 

6. Where else does this phrase occur in Jeremiah? Hint: look at the nations. 

   1. babylon

7. From what biblical book does the last chapter of Jeremiah come from?

   1. 2 kings

Ezekiel 

1. To whom was Ezekiel a prophet? 

   1. Israel in exile/assyria

2. Where did Ezekiel begin his book? 

   1. The river chebar

3. What did Ezekiel see at the beginning of his book? 

   1. Cherebum, The vision of the living beings in the midst of the storm

4. What did God call Ezekiel repeatedly in the book?

   1. Son of man

5. How did Ezekiel minister as God’s prophet when God closed his mouth? 

   1. He did all the symbols

6. When God showed Ezekiel the vision of the temple in Jerusalem in chapters 8–11, what did he see the people of Jerusalem doing in the temple? 

   1. They were doing scary things and idols that are present in every area of the temple 

7. What was taken out of the temple in Jerusalem in the vision of chapters 8–11? 

   1. Ark of the covenant

8. The news of what event reopened Ezekiel’s mouth? 

   1. the arrival of the news that Jerusalem has been destroyed

9. In the visions for the latter third of the book, please be able to explain what you saw?

   1. The new temple in beauty and purity

The Twelve 

1. What role does Hosea’s marriage and children’s names play in the twelve minor prophets. 

   1. It shows God’s story with Israel.

      1. Jezreel-God Will sow

      2. Lo-Ruhamah-no compassion

      3. Lo-ammi-not my people

2. Be able to explain what is unique and distinct for each of the twelve. 

   1. Hosea 

      1. Prophet marries an adulterous woman, gomer, and they have three children. Their story represents God’s story with idolotrous israel. His book ends with a call for wisdom from the reader to understand its words. 

   2. Joel 

      1.  prophet begins his book with a call for elders to pass on wisdom to the younger generations and ends it with salvation for Israel coming from Zion in the midst of the judgment of the nations. First of the 12 to mention the day of the LORD

   3. Amos 

      1. begins his book with the LORD roaring in Zion, and he ends it with God raising up the fallen booth of David, restoring Israel's fortunes, and sending judgment against Edom and all of humanity. 5 visions 3 woes

   4. Obadiah 

      1. begins his book with judgment on Edom, and he ends it with deliverers ascending Mt. Zion as they judge and possess the mountain of Edom and all nations. Shows that all people will face edoms judgement unless they trust in the coming messiah

   5. Jonah 

      1. begins his book with the Lord calling him to preach judgment in Nineveh, and he ends it with the Lord rebuking him for not having a heart for the nations. Tries to hide from God in tarshish

   6. Micah 

      1. prophet begins his book with God's judgment coming on Samaria and Jerusalem who have become idolatrous cities like Nineveh, and he ends it with God's unending love for Israel. Promises messiah will come from bethlehem. do justice, to love kindness and to walk humbly with our God

   7. Nahum 

      1. begins his book with a prophetic word against Assyria, and he ends it with judgment for Assyria, which forebodes judgment for all nations. Acrostic hebrew poem

   8. Habakkuk

      1. begins his book with a lament over how long it will take for God to deliver His people, and he ends it with a hymn of praise to God. He declares that God is just and that the righteous shall live by faith in God and the Messiah. 

   9. Zephaniah 

      1. begins his book with a picture of final judgment that echoes Gen 1, and it ends with a remnant from Israel being gathered and its fortune restored. Promises gentle and lowly remnant who will do no wrong and shuv shuvot

   10. Haggai 

       1. begins his book with the rebuilding of the temple through Joshua the Priest and Zerubbabel the governor, and it ends with the God promising a future hope through the line of David

   11. Zechariah 

       1. begins with God calling Israel to repent, to return to Him, and it ends with a future feast of booths being celebrated by Israel and the nations. speaks of eight night visions.  promises a future battle of Israel against the nations with the Messiah standing in front of Jerusalem on the Mount of Olives

   12. Malachi 

       1. begins his book with a reminder of God's love for Jacob, and he ends it with a call to remember the Torah of Moses and to wait for a prophet like Elijahe brings six disputes against God’s people that God answers with the promise of His messenger paving the way for the Messiah in the end of the days

3. Be able to explain how Joel and Zephaniah (among others) understand the day of the LORD? 

   1. the day of the LORD is a devastating judgment from God on the creation, especially on Mt. Zion, where David’s sons and the Temple has reigned on earth

4. What is the day of the LORD? 

   1. Day of judgement

5. How does the day of the LORD relate to the end of the days? 

   1. The day of the LORD is happening in the end of the days

6. How do the day of the LORD and the end of the days relate to the day of the assembly? 

   1. It echoes the day of the assembly in exo 19

7. Be able to explain how Hosea 1 and Malachi 4 connect. 

   1. They form one grand storyline with a dilemma and hope that echo throughout the whole and in each part of the book

8. Be able to explain how Malachi 4 and Isaiah 1 connect. 

   1. They both talk about the day of the LORD and establish the latter prophets as one book

9. Be able to explain how Malachi 4 and Joshua 1 connect. 

   1. In both the people are told to remember the words of moses and it establishes the prophets as one book

10. Who are we waiting for at the end of Malachi? 

    1. God’s messenger

11. What should we do while we wait at the end of the Malachi?

    1. repent

The Writings 

1. How does the beginning of the Writings (Pss 1–2) relate to the Writings as a whole? 

2. How does the beginning of the Writings (Pss 1–2) relate to the ending of the Writings (2 Chr 36)? 

3. How does the beginning of the Writings (Pss 1–2) relate to the beginning of the Prophets (Jos 1)? 

4. How does the beginning of the Writings (Pss 1–2) relate to the ending of the Prophets (Mal 4)? 

5. How does the beginning of the Writings (Pss 1–2) relate to the ending of the Torah (Deut 34)? 

6. How does the ending of the Writings (2 Chr 36) relate to the ending of the Prophets (Mal 4)? 

7. How does the ending of the Writings (2 Chr 36) relate to the ending of the Torah (Deut 34)?

Psalms 

1. Be able to explain the characters, conflicts, and themes of the Psalter from Psalms 1–2. 

   1. Blessed man meditates on the torah. Kings of the earth are sinners and scoffers. There is hope for those who take refuge in the blessed man

2. How does Psalm 2 help you interpret Psalm 1? 

   1. They provide commentary on eachother and form a meaning together

3. How does the rest of the book of the Psalms connect to Psalms 1–2? 

   1. Psalms 1-2 is the compressed storyline of the whole Psalter

4. Be able to explain how many sections (books) there are of the Psalter (book of Psalms). 

   1. There are 5

5. What is the role of David in the Psalter, especially books 1–2? 

   1. author

6. After David’s Psalms mostly vanish, what question does Book 3 answer? 

   1. How will the promise to David continue after David? 

7. What question is very important at the ending of book 3? 

   1. How long will we have to wait for the Son of David?

8. How does book 4 answer the question found in book 3? 

   1. Teaches the reader to meditate on the torah while we wait on God’s timing

9. Where does most of book 4 come from? 

   1. The torah

10. What word/ phrase consumes the ending of book 5 of the Psalter? 

    1. hallelujah

11. What is the relationship between Torah Psalms and Messiah Psalms in the Psalter? 

    1. To meditate upon the Torah is to uncover its message: the Messiah is your hope, and he is coming

12. What are the two traits of Hebrew poetry? How do these two traits help us interpret and understand Hebrew poetry?

    1. terseness, meaning much but using few words

    2. parallelism, creating meaning through comparisons. 

Wisdom 

1. Which two individuals are most important to understanding biblical wisdom (one from the Torah and one from the Prophets)? 

   1. Eve and solomon

2. Why is wisdom personified as a woman in the Bible? 

   1. Because of the story in gen 3

3. How does wisdom connect to the Davidic Covenant? 

   1. Wisdom in the OT is a person promised by God in the davidic covenant to bring life with God in the end 

   2. a search for the good, a journey walking within the good, and a final destination with the good

4. What is wisdom?

   1. Wisdom is defined by by how things end, as a person (who endures through the end), and as a life lived with God because of this person forever

5. How does wisdom relate to prophecy (prophetic books)?

   1. Wisdom is that which produces enduring good and lasting life in the end 

6. What doctrine pulls the two of them together? 

   1. eschatology

7. How does wisdom relate to the laws (the Torah’s legal codes)? 

   1. Wisdom is that which produces enduring good and life now. It sustains.

8. What doctrine pulls the two of them together?

   1. ethics

Job 

1. How does Job remind you of the figure at the beginning of Psalms? 

   1. Job is a blessed man, pure and blameless

2. What is the setting of Job’s book? 

   1. Job’s blameless ministry? The narrative?

3. What is the message of Job’s book? 

   1. to give a practical demonstration of the value of divine wisdom

4. What calamities occur to Job at the book’s beginning? 

   1. His kids, servants, and livestock are all killed and he is overcome with boils

5. Are Job and his friends aware of the scenes of the book set in heaven? 

   1. no

6. How does Job respond to his situation in chapters 1–2? 

   1. He still worships God

7. What do the three friends do when they first see Job in agony? 

   1. sympathize

8. What counsel do the three friends give Job after he laments his fate? 

   1. They say that his suffering came about because of his sin

9. What does Job hold on to in this book and show its value in Job 28? 

   1. Divine wisdom

10. What counsel does Elihu, the younger friend, give Job? 

    1. Gave wise council that Job's troubles were intended to provide him with divine discipline and instruction

11. When God speaks to Job, does He answer Job’s question directly? 

    1. God answers Job’s questions with His own question and question

12. What does Job do after he hears from God? 

    1. repents

13. What does Job do for his three friends? 

    1. Intercedes for them

14. What does God “do” for Job, using a phrase from Deuteronomy? 

    1. Restores his fortunes. Shuv shuvot

15. Why does the book end with the three daughters and not the seven sons?

    1. they prepare the next few books to discuss divine wisdom in light of wise women

Proverbs 

1. How is this book more than just Solomon’s wisdom? 

   1. • It is a book that gives commentary on Solomon’s human wisdom so that you may connect it to Divine Wisdom.

2. What else is it? 

3. In the opening 7 verses of the book, what posture must one have before the book in order to gain wisdom? 

   1. Fear of the LORD

4. What counsel does the unnamed father give the unnamed son in chapters 1–9? 

   1. Avoid lady folly and seek lady wisdom

5. How are the two women? 

   1. Lady wisdom cries out in the stree telling people to fear God. lady folly is personified as a prostitute tempting people to sin

6. Who is with God at creation in chapter 8:22–23? 

   1. Lady wisdom

7. Why is the proverbial wisdom of chapters 10–29 “scattered” rather than organized by topic? 

   1. There are often word repetitions/ word links that explain why proverbs are side by side

8. What is Agur’s posture towards wisdom in chapter 30? 

   1. He has a humble posture recognizing his lack of divine wisdom

9. What is the central question of wisdom for Agur and the book? 

   1. What is His Name, and what is the name of His Son?

10. How does the virtuous woman at the book’s end compare to lady wisdom and to the son of God? 

    1. She resembles lady wisdom and is a bride for God’s son

11. Is the virtuous woman at the book’s end intended to be a burden on women to be perfect on their own? 

    1. no

12. If not, what is its purpose?

    1. She is a promise of what our hearts will look like when we see God in the end

Ruth 

1. How does Ruth compare to the virtuous woman from the ending of Proverbs? 

   1. She is a picture of her

2. From what family is Ruth? 

   1. moab

3. Why did Naomi, her husband, and her sons leave the land of Israel? 

   1. drought

4. After marrying Ruth and Orpah, what happened to the men? 

   1. They all die

5. What does Ruth commit to Naomi?

   1. Where you go i go,your God will be my God 

6. When Naomi returns to Israel, how does she see herself? 

   1. bitter

7. What does Ruth do to take care of Naomi? 

   1. gleans in a field 

8. Whose field does Ruth glean? 

   1. boaz

9. How are the women related to this man? 

   1. He is a close relative which means they could do the levirate marriage thingy

10. How does God take care of these women by Boaz? 

    1. Boaz marries ruth providing for her

11. What does Boaz offer to do for Ruth and why? 

    1. Protect her because Boaz is applying God’s Torah to his life

12. What does Naomi ask Ruth to do for Boaz? 

    1. Approach him to ask if he will honor the levirate marriage law

13. What does Boaz offer to do for Ruth? 

    1. Approach the other relative to ask if he can marry her

14. Where does this idea come from? 

15. Why does the closer relative refuse to marry Ruth? 

    1. Because the dead mans name would be honored not his own

16. What son and what family line is this son born into?

    1. Obed born into judah which would become the line of david

Song of Songs 

1. What are the five views of this book?

   1. 1. The book is an allegory for God’s relationship with Israel 

   2. 2. The book is an allegory for Christ relationship with the Church 

   3. 3. The book is a manual of physical love within the context of marriage 

   4. 4. The book is a three part love story where Solomon is getting in the way of the man and woman’s true love. 

   5. 5.The book depicts the love between this man and woman as a picture of the Messiah’s love for divine wisdom. 

2.  What are the strengths and weakness of the views? 

   1. Could not tell you

3. How does Solomon’s inability to bring consummation in the garden help us understand and long for someone greater than Solomon at the end of the book? 

   1. Because The obtainment of wisdom will come only when one like Solomon comes to claim his beloved?

4. What books does this book interact with to help you understand its message?

   1. Prov 3, 7 – wisdom on the heart and wisdom as a sister (while we wait) 

   2. Gen 3 – the garden and the fall 

   3. Exo 19–24 – Mt Sinai with God’s hidden yet revealed presence

Ecclesiastes 

1. How does this book relate to the Torah? 

   1. Its a commentary on the fate of Abel (Gen 4) who was murdered by his brother Cain

2. Who preaches the sermon? 

   1. solomon

3. What are the major ideas of the sermon? 

   1. The sermon is a meandering journey, not a straight-line argument. Everything under the sun is meaningless, the relentless pursuit of human wisdom never delivers, in light of this knowledge, fear God and keep His commands

4. What is the conclusion of the book?

   1. Fear God and keep His commands

Lamentations 

1. How does this book depict Jerusalem? 

   1. destroyed

2. What is the hope of the book? 

   1. God will restore jerusalem

3. How does the book end?

   1. waiting for God’s mercy to come upon Jerusalem

Narratives of Exile 

1. How should man live in exile while he wait for God to return him?

Esther 

1. Why is God “absent” in this book? 

   1. He’s not actually absent, although his name isn’t mentioned, you can see him working the whole time

2. How does the author show us God’s presence in this book? 

   1. The torah

3. Which characters resemble Joseph? 

   1. Esther and mordecai

4. Why did God elevate Esther according to the author? 

   1. God shows her favor

5. What parts of the Torah are important to understanding the conflict between Haman and Mordecai? 

6. What happened to Haman’s plans to kill Mordecai and the Jews? 

   1. They failed because esther told the king she was a jew

7. How did God deliver Mordecai and the Jews?

   1. Through esther telling the king she was a jew, he decided not to kill all the jews

Daniel 

1. What two languages are in this book? 

   1. Hebrew and aramaic

2. What two genres are in this book? 

   1. Narrative and apocalyptic

3. How does the author compare God’s Kingdom to Israel’s kingdom, Babylon’s Kingdom, and the Kingdom of the Medes and Persians? 

   1.  depicts the conflicts between man’s kingdoms and God’s kingdom. All kingdoms will fail, Gods kingdom will prevail

4. How does the imagery of Daniel 2 help us read the rest of the book? 

   1. They bring us back into the world of the torah

5. Who has dreams that need interpreting? 

   1. nebuchadnezzar

6. How do the gentile kings respond to Daniel and his friends in their exile? 

   1. They try to get them to turn to idols

7. What is the most important chapter of the book? 

   1. Daniel 7

8. What does this most important chapter of the book explain? 

   1. It translates the images of Dan 1–6 (especially Dan 2–6) into a prophetic roadmap to how God will bring forth His kingdom in the end of the days

9. Who approaches God and lives in this chapter? 

   1. The Son of Man

10. What do human kings look like in this chapter? 

11. How do chapters 1–6 relate to Daniel 7? 

    1. It translates the images to show how God will bring his kingdom forth

12. How do chapters 8–12 relate to Daniel 7?

    1.  it will re-explain the multiple visions this one vision

13. What book does Daniel seek to interpret in Daniel 9 when he confesses his sin and the sin of his people? 

    1. jeremiah

14. How long will the exile be in Daniel 9? 

    1. 70 7s (490 yrs)

15. What will happen to the Messiah in Daniel 9? 

    1. He will die/be cut off

16. Does Daniel understand everything at the end of his book?

    1. no

Narratives of Return 

1. Is the return from Babylon the return (the shuv shuvot)?

   1. no

Ezra 

1. Be able to explain what Cyrus’ decree looks like and does in this book. 

   1. In the long version, the “him” refers to many people returning from the nations – not one person. It is a group. It calls people to go to jerusalem to help rebuild the temple

2. When they return to the land, what do they build? 

   1. The temple

3. What do the nations think of this building project? 

   1. They try to join in

4. What stops their work? 

   1. Ahasuerus and artaxerxes 

5. What restarts their work? 

   1. Haggai and zecheriah/darius

6. Do they finish their work? 

   1. yes

7. When Ezra himself returns to the land, Ezra learns that the men have done what great sin? 

   1. joined themselves in marriage to the women of the land, violating the Torah’s instructions

8. After Ezra confesses their sin, what does God’s word create in their hearts?

   1. Repentance 

Nehemiah 

1. What prompts Nehemiah to return to Jerusalem? 

   1. The building project

2. What does he lead Jerusalem to rebuild in the book? 

   1. The walls of jerusalem

3. What do the nations think of this building project? 

   1. They mock the work

4. What obstacles do they have to finishing their work? 

   1. The nations threaten conflict

5. How long does it take them to finish the work?

   1. 52 days 

6. How does God build up the people in the second half of the book? 

   1. They are gathered as one man to listen to the book of the Torah being taught from morning until midday

7. How do the people respond to Ezra teaching the Bible? 

   1. They gather and confess their sin

8. What do they do after confessing their sin?

   1. They weep 

9. What promises do they make? 

   1.  to sin no more,

10. What does Jerusalem as a city look like in Nehemiah 10-12? 

    1. The city of Jerusalem echoes the Temple with the dedication of its walls

11. What happens in Nehemiah 13? 

    1. The people return to the pattern of sin

12. What is the only hope at the book’s ending?

    1. The promise to abraham

Chronicles (1 and 2) 

1. How does Chronicles begin? 

   1. With adam

2. How does Chronicles compare to Samuel and Kings? 

   1. Chronicles is the secondary history. They cover both the Northern Kingdom (Israel, Ephraim, Samaria) and the Southern Kingdom (Judah) chronicles only southern kingdom

3. Is it contradiction or commentary? 

   1. commentary

4. How does Chronicles relate to the rest of the OT? 

   1. Chronicles begins with Adam and genealogies that link him to Abraham and David

5. Who is emphasized in the book’s beginning? 

   1. adam

6. Who are the most important figures, and what part of the OT becomes central to Chronicles? 

   1. David and solomons stories

7. How does 1 Chronicles focus on 2 Samuel 7? 

   1. Centers around the davidic covenant in 3 ways

      1. focus on God’s Word to David

      2. shows David explaining the promise from David to Solomon

      3. shows David explaining the promise to the people.

8. How is the Davidic Covenant re-explained in 1 Chronicles? 

9. Why does the author not talk about David’s sin with Bathsheba but does talk about the sin of the census for David? 

   1. To show that he believes Solomon is the one to build the enduring house?

10. How does 2 Chronicles end? 

    1. Shortened version of Cyrus’ decree

11. Be able to explain the role of Cyrus’ decree at the end of the Old Testament, being placed after stories that occur after it. 

    1. the future return of the seed singular

12. be able to explain the difference between Kings and Chronicles. 

    1. Kings-primary history (northern & southern kingdom) chronicles-secondary history (just southern kingdom)

13. Be able to connect Cyrus’ decree to Psalm 1–2, Josh 1, Mal 4, Gen 1 and Deut 34. 

    1. All talk about the blessed man and rebuilding the temple???

14. Be able to explain how the author clarifies who the man going up to rebuild the temple is in 2 Chr 36

    1. By saying let him go up