Unit 5-6 APUSH Exam

Q: What was the purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau?
A: To assist freed slaves and poor whites in the South by providing food, education, and medical care.

Q: What were the three Reconstruction Era Constitutional Amendments?
A: 13th (abolished slavery), 14th (granted citizenship and equal protection), 15th (granted Black men the right to vote).

Q: What were Black Codes?
A: Laws passed in Southern states to restrict the rights of freedmen and maintain racial hierarchy.

Q: What was the ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
A: Established the "separate but equal" doctrine, upholding racial segregation

Q: What was the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)?
A: First federal act to prohibit monopolistic business practices.

Q: Who were the Robber Barons/Captains of Industry?
A: Industrial leaders like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Vanderbilt, seen as either ruthless business magnates or pioneers of economic progress.

Q: What was the Homestead Act (1862)?
A: Law granting 160 acres of land to settlers who would farm it for five years.

Q: What was the impact of the Pullman Strike (1894)?
A: A major nationwide railroad strike that led to federal intervention and violent clashes.

Q: What was the Dawes Act (1887)?
A: Law aimed at assimilating Native Americans by allotting them individual plots of land.

Q: What were muckrakers?
A: Journalists who exposed corruption and social injustices, such as Upton Sinclair (The Jungle).

Q: What was the significance of the Election of 1912?
A: Featured a split in the Republican Party between Roosevelt (Progressive/Bull Moose) and Taft, leading to Wilson’s victory.

Q: Who was Jane Addams?
A: Founder of Hull House, a settlement house for immigrants and the poor.

Q: What was the 19th Amendment (1920)?
A: Gave women the right to vote.

Q: What were the causes of the Spanish-American War (1898)?
A: Yellow journalism, the explosion of the USS Maine, and U.S. economic interests in Cuba.

Q: What was the goal of the Panama Canal?
A: To create a quicker passage between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans for trade and military purposes.

Q: What was Wilson’s 14 Points?
A: A plan for post-WWI peace, including the League of Nations.

Q: What was Schenck v. United States (1919)?
A: Upheld restrictions on free speech during wartime under the "clear and present danger" doctrine.

Q: What was the Teapot Dome Scandal?
A: A bribery scandal involving the Harding administration and oil reserves.

Q: What caused the Great Depression?
A: Stock market crash (1929), bank failures, overproduction, and high tariffs.

Q: What was the Dust Bowl?
A: Severe drought and dust storms that damaged agriculture in the Great Plains.

Q: What was the Wagner Act (1935)?
A: Strengthened labor rights and protected union organizing.

Q: What were the three R’s of the New Deal?
A: Relief (immediate aid), Recovery (economic stability), and Reform (long-term change).

Q: What were the causes of WWII?
A: Treaty of Versailles, rise of totalitarian regimes, expansionism, appeasement, and the attack on Pearl Harbor.

Q: What was the Espionage and Sedition Acts?
A: Laws that restricted free speech and opposition to WWI.

Q: How did WWII end?
A: Victory in Europe (May 1945) and Victory in Japan after atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 1945).

Q: What was the impact of WWII on the U.S. economy?
A: Ended the Great Depression through wartime production and led to increased government intervention in the economy.