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Spiritual - an African American religious folk song

Yeoman - Southern owner of a small farm who did not have enslaved people

Nativist - a person who favors those born in his country and is opposed to immigrants

Prejudice - an unfair opinion not based on facts

Morse code - a system for transmitting that uses a series of dots and dashes to represent the letters of the alphabet, numbers, and punctuation

literacy - ability to read and write

Overseer - person who supervises a large operation or its work

capital - money for investment

Famine - an extreme shortage of food

Strike - a stopping of work to force an employer to meet demands

Telegraph - a device or system for transmitting messages that uses electrical signals to transmit messages by code or over wires

Slave codes - laws passed in the southern states that controlled or restricted enslaved people

Tenant Farmer - a farm who works land owned by another adn pay rent in either cash or crop

Cotton Gin - a machine that removes seeds from cotton fiber

Discrimination - unfair treatment of a group; unequal treatment because of a person’s race, religion, ethnic background, or place of birth

Trade union - an organization of workers with the same trade or skill

Clipper ship - a fast sailing ship with slender lines, tall masts, and large square sails