Brown and Black Modern Watercolor Presentation

Significance: History is vital for societal and individual understanding.

Historical Quote: "What is history but a fable agreed upon" - Napoleon Bonaparte.

Evolution of Term:

• Derived from the Greek word ἐπιστήμη (meaning of learning).

• Modern definition: refers to past events.

• Attributions include:

  • Past events.

  • Records of events (chronicles, official records).

  • Academic discipline involving critical study (Shaffer, 1974).

Definitions of History:

• Dr. Zeus Salazar: Events significant to the people studied.

• General perspective: Record of noteworthy events across ages.

• E.H. Carr: Focus on human achievements.

• Medina: Understanding past, present, and future; a social construction of the future.

Philosophy on History:

• Jenkins: History is a form of power, not solely personal.

• Samuel Tan: Dynamic process reflecting human development interrelated with present and future.

• Renato Constantino: Represents collective human achievement.

Significance of Studying History:

• Understanding ourselves better through history.

• Historical events foster national unity and identity.

Types of History:

• General history (political, economic, diplomatic, military).

• Economic history (thoughts, systems).

• Cultural history (local and ethnic histories).

• Social and myth histories.

Philippine Historiography:

• Historical writing as an art and scientific approach (early 1900s).

• Influential thinkers: Michel Foucault examined power, knowledge, and social structures.

• Bakhtin: Focus on silences in history.

• Filipino historians challenged colonial narratives.

New Directions in Philippine Historiography:

• Accumulation of data and theories revealed unexplored aspects.

• Shift to using Filipino in education by historians like Salazar.

• Pantayong pananaw emphasized new historical directions.

Goals of Philippine Historiography:

• Create narratives reflective of Filipino perspectives and context.

Secular Historians during Spanish Period:

• Contributions from Spanish officials, foreign writers, and Filipino Ilustrados.

Notable Historical Accounts:

• Antonio de Morga: "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas" - 16th-century insights.

• Miguel de Loarca: Detailed early Filipino culture and economy.

• Thomas de Comyn: Highlighted colonial economy post-Manila trade opening.

• Jose Montero y Vidal: "Historia General de Filipinas" - three-volume account.

Ilustrados and Nationalist Writings:

• Rizal, Ponce, Luna defended Filipino perspectives.

The Role of the Propaganda Movement:

• Utilized European liberal climate for advocating reforms.

• Writings addressed Philippine conditions.

Revolutionary Contributions:

• Writings from revolutionaries fueled anti-colonial sentiments.

• Laid groundwork for modern Filipino historiography.

Diverse Perspectives in History:

• Secular historians enriched understanding with varied insights.

Conclusion:

• Historical writings during colonial times influenced national consciousness and identity of Filipinos.

Significance: History is vital for societal and individual understanding.

Historical Quote: "What is history but a fable agreed upon" - Napoleon Bonaparte.

Evolution of Term:

• Derived from the Greek word ἐπιστήμη (meaning of learning).

• Modern definition: refers to past events.

• Attributions include:

  • Past events.

  • Records of events (chronicles, official records).

  • Academic discipline involving critical study (Shaffer, 1974).

Definitions of History:

• Dr. Zeus Salazar: Events significant to the people studied.

• General perspective: Record of noteworthy events across ages.

• E.H. Carr: Focus on human achievements.

• Medina: Understanding past, present, and future; a social construction of the future.

Philosophy on History:

• Jenkins: History is a form of power, not solely personal.

• Samuel Tan: Dynamic process reflecting human development interrelated with present and future.

• Renato Constantino: Represents collective human achievement.

Significance of Studying History:

• Understanding ourselves better through history.

• Historical events foster national unity and identity.

Types of History:

• General history (political, economic, diplomatic, military).

• Economic history (thoughts, systems).

• Cultural history (local and ethnic histories).

• Social and myth histories.

Philippine Historiography:

• Historical writing as an art and scientific approach (early 1900s).

• Influential thinkers: Michel Foucault examined power, knowledge, and social structures.

• Bakhtin: Focus on silences in history.

• Filipino historians challenged colonial narratives.

New Directions in Philippine Historiography:

• Accumulation of data and theories revealed unexplored aspects.

• Shift to using Filipino in education by historians like Salazar.

• Pantayong pananaw emphasized new historical directions.

Goals of Philippine Historiography:

• Create narratives reflective of Filipino perspectives and context.

Secular Historians during Spanish Period:

• Contributions from Spanish officials, foreign writers, and Filipino Ilustrados.

Notable Historical Accounts:

• Antonio de Morga: "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas" - 16th-century insights.

• Miguel de Loarca: Detailed early Filipino culture and economy.

• Thomas de Comyn: Highlighted colonial economy post-Manila trade opening.

• Jose Montero y Vidal: "Historia General de Filipinas" - three-volume account.

Ilustrados and Nationalist Writings:

• Rizal, Ponce, Luna defended Filipino perspectives.

The Role of the Propaganda Movement:

• Utilized European liberal climate for advocating reforms.

• Writings addressed Philippine conditions.

Revolutionary Contributions:

• Writings from revolutionaries fueled anti-colonial sentiments.

• Laid groundwork for modern Filipino historiography.

Diverse Perspectives in History:

• Secular historians enriched understanding with varied insights.

Conclusion:

• Historical writings during colonial times influenced national consciousness and identity of Filipinos.