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NoteStudied by 34 peoplecell cycle control system
- What is the purpose of the cell-cycle control system?
- The cell-cycle control system is a set of biochemical switches that control the sequence of events in the cell cycle and ensure their accurate and reliable completion.
- How does the cell-cycle control system in most cells respond to information received back from the processes it controls?
- In most cells, the cell-cycle control system responds to information received back from the processes it controls by delaying progression to the next stage if some malfunction prevents the successful completion of a previous event. This provides time for repairs to be made and prevents disasters that might result from prematurely progressing to the next stage with incompletely replicated chromosomes, for example.
- What are some important features of the switches in the cell-cycle control system?
- Some important features of the switches in the cell-cycle control system include that they are generally binary (on/off) and launch events in a complete, irreversible fashion, that the system is robust and reliable due to backup mechanisms and other features, and that it is highly adaptable and can be modified to suit specific cell types or respond to specific signals.
- What is the role of cyclins in the cell-cycle control system?
- Cyclins are a family of proteins that play a key role in the cell-cycle control system by regulating the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Cyclins bind to and activate CDKs, which then phosphorylate specific target proteins, leading to changes in their activity and function. This helps to coordinate the events of the cell cycle and ensure their proper progression.
- What is the role of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in the cell-cycle control system?
- Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are a family of enzymes that play a key role in the cell-cycle control system by phosphorylating specific target proteins, leading to changes in their activity and function. CDKs are regulated by cyclins, which bind to and activate them. This helps to coordinate the events of the cell cycle and ensure their proper progression.
- What is the role of CDK inhibitors (CDKIs) in the cell-cycle control system?
- CDK inhibitors (CDKIs) are proteins that inhibit the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) by binding to them and preventing their activation by cyclins. CDKIs help to regulate the activity of CDKs and play a key role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle.
- What is the role of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) in the cell-cycle control system?
- The retinoblastoma protein (Rb) is a key cell cycle regulator that helps control the progression from G1 to the S phase. Rb is phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) during the G1 phase, which releases E2F transcription factors that activate the expression of genes required for DNA synthesis. In the early G1 phase, Rb is hypophosphorylated and acts as a transcriptional repressor, inhibiting the expression of E2F-regulated genes.
- What is the role of E2F transcription factors in the cell-cycle control system?
- E2F transcription factors are proteins that regulate the expression of genes required for DNA synthesis and are activated during the cell cycle’s G1 to S phase transition. E2F transcription factors are released from the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) when Rb is phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinases
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Explore Top NotesNoteStudied by 44 peopleNoteStudied by 61 peopleNoteStudied by 1 personNoteStudied by 2 peopleNoteStudied by 15 peopleNoteStudied by 34 people
All About the AP Bio Exam!
NoteStudied by 44 peopleAP PSYCH 1.4 Selecting a Research Method
NoteStudied by 61 peopleDigestive System.2024
NoteStudied by 1 personpersonalpahayag
NoteStudied by 2 peopleChapter 37: Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses
NoteStudied by 15 peopleTranspiration
NoteStudied by 34 people