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Studied by 13 peopleUntitled Flashcards Set
ainism: Key Concepts and Practices
1. Arihant: The Conqueror
Definition: A Jiva (soul) who has conquered inner passions (attachment, anger, pride, greed).
Attainment: Destroys four Ghati karmas, realizes pure self, possesses Keval Gyan (omniscience).
Liberation: Destroys remaining karmas at the end of life and attains Moksha (liberation).
Other Names: Jina ("victor"), Tirthankar, Jineshwar Bhagwant, or Bhagwan.
2. Attributes of Arihant
Atishaya (Virtues Evolved on Destruction of Karmas):
Apay-pagmatishay:
Absence of calamities, diseases, hatred within 125 Yojans.
Virtue: Promotes health.
Gnanatishay:
Possession of Kevalgyan: complete knowledge of past, present, and future.
Virtue: Enhances intelligence.
Pujatishay:
Worship by all living beings (Dev, Humans, Animals, Birds).
Virtue: Makes one lovable.
Vachnatishay:
Speaks truth; Deshna (teachings) understood by all in their own language.
Virtue: Promotes truthfulness.
Pratiharya (Attributes Endowed by Devtas After Kevalgyan):
Ashok Vruksh:
A tree twelve times taller than the Tirthankar, spreading up to 12 km.
Tirthankar sits under it in Samavasaran (divine assembly) and gives Dharma Deshna (religious sermon).
Lesson: Tolerance.
Sur Pushpa Vrushti:
Devtas shower fragrant flowers of five colors within the Samavasaran.
Lesson: To praise the virtues of Bhagwan.
Divya Dhwani:
Tirthankar's Deshna is in Malkosh Raag (a musical mode).
Devas add divine music.
Lesson: To speak politely.
Chamar:
Devtas wave diamond-studded Chamar (fly-whisks) to show devotion.
Lesson: Gratitude towards Dev, Guru & Family.
Sinhasan:
Tirthankar sits on a gem-studded golden throne.
Lesson: Humility.
Bhamandal:
Devtas create a halo to reduce Tirthankar's glow for better visibility.
Lesson: To see good in others.
Dev Dundubhi:
Drum-like instrument used for divine announcements of Tirthankar's Deshna.
Lesson: To become fearless and make others fearless.
Chhatra:
A three-tier divine umbrella symbolizing Lordship of the Universe.
Lesson: To care for everyone.
Other Atishays:
Sermons have 35 special qualities.
Hair, mustache, and nails do not grow.
Trees bow down when Tirthankar travels.
Thorns turn upside down.
Birds give pradakshina (circumambulation).
8 Pratiharya travel with him.
Devtas create 9 Golden Lotus flowers.
Tirthankar always walks on these 9 Lotus flowers.
Sick people get cured.
Dry trees and gardens become lush.
Dharmachakra (Wheel of Dharma) travels ahead.
All 6 seasonal flowers blossom simultaneously.
Absence of calamities like droughts, floods, wars, earthquakes.
3. Story of Bhagwan Mahavir
Vardhman Kumar: The early life of Mahavir, son of Queen Trishla and King Siddharth. Known for bravery, strength, and courage.
Tests of Bravery:
The Snake Incident: A Devta turns into a snake to scare Vardhman, but he remains calm and throws the snake away.
The Monster Incident: A Devta transforms into a child and then a monster, carrying Vardhman. Vardhman defeats him, demonstrating strength and courage. The Devta apologizes and acknowledges Vardhman's power.
Teachings and Qualities:
Believed in and taught non-violence.
Forgave those who hurt him.
Preached Dharma to humans, Devtas, animals, and birds.
Attained Kevalgyan, enabling him to see the past, present, and future.
4. Shatrunjay Mahatirth
Location: Palitana, Gujarat.
Significance:
Compared to a ship saving from worldly miseries.
Identified by 108 names.
Infinite souls attained Moksh here.
Moolnayak Tirthankar: Aadinath Bhagwan (7-foot idol).
Approximately 3501 steps and 3500 temples.
Footprints of all 24 Tirthankars.
Key Features:
Jay Taleti: Beginning of Shatrunjay Giriraj.
Shashwat Tirth: Exists for infinite years.
5 Gates: Rampol, Sagal Pol, Vaghan Pol, Hathi Pol, Ratan Pol.
Rayan Vriksh: Eternal tree on top.
Rayan Pagla: Footsteps of Aadinath Bhagwan below Rayan Vriksh.
Chakkeshwari Devi & Kavad Yaksh: Ensure safety.
Shantinath Bhagwan's Temple: Near Vaghan Pol.
Gheti Paag: Located on the backside.
Practices:
Aadinath Bhagwan visited 99 Purva times, climbing from Gheti Paag.
Devotees do 99 Yatras (pilgrimages).
Chhari Palit Sangh: Pilgrimages on foot.
Thousands of devotees visit during Kartik Poonam, Chaitri Poonam, Falgun Teras, and Akhatreej.
Do's and Don'ts:
No food on Giriraj.
No littering.
Climb without Doli (palanquin).
No Ratribhojan (eating after sunset) or junk food in Palitana.
No watching TV, movies, or playing cards.
Perform Ashtaprakari Puja with Swadravya.
5. Gyan Panchami
Definition: A festival honoring knowledge and holy scriptures.
Timing: Celebrated on the fifth day of Kartik (5th day after Diwali).
Practices:
Gyan Poojan (worship of scriptures).
Poojan of Saraswati Devi (Goddess of Knowledge).
Gyan Panchami Vidhi.
Gyan Panchami Vidhi:
Upvaas (fasting) on Kartik Sud 5.
51 Logassa Kayotsarg.
51 Khamasaman.
51 Sathiya + Fal + Naived.
20 Mala of Om Him Namo Nanassa.
Dev-Vandan.
Pratikraman.
Vow to fast every month on Sud 5 for 5 years and 5 months.
How to do Gyan Poojan:
Pooja of Granth/Book with Vasakshep (scented powder).
Offer Fruits, Sweets, Gold/Silver Coin, Money, Light Diya.
Vasakshep on the book, not on money.
How to do Guru Poojan:
Guru Poojan of Jain Sadhu Bhagwant (monk).
Keep money near their feet and do Vasakshep Pooja of their Right Toe.
Poojan of Guru, not money.
Removes ignorance and increases knowledge.
Book should not be kept during Guru Poojan.
How to improve memory:
Give 5 Gyan Khamasaman everyday.
Do Gyan Pujan whenever possible.
Do Saraswati's Mata's Pujan.
Do Gyan Pachami's Aaradhna regularly.
Help someone in studies.
Learn new Gatha everyday.
Share your knowledge with others.
Praise someone with knowledge.
Show respect towards School Teachers, Pathshala Teachers, Sadhu-Sadhviji and Gyan upkarans.
Contribute towards Pathshala or Gyan Khata.
Keep books at a proper place.
Learn with proper concentration.
Sit in proper posture while studying.
Study early in the morning instead of late night.
Chant "35 taH:" 108 times everyday.
Chant 108 times everyday.
Meditate on "7"
This structure should provide a comprehensive and easy-to-understand overview of the key aspects of Jainism covered in the text.