Water Pollution- Anything that degrades water quality
Point Sources- Specific locations of highly concentrated pollution discharge, such as factories, power plants, sewage treatment plants, underground coal mines, and oil wells
Nonpoint Sources- Scattered, diffuse sources of pollutants, such as runoff from farm fields, golf courses, and constructions sites
Atmospheric deposition- Sedimentation of solids, liquids, or gaseous materials from the air
Coliform Bacteria- Bacteria that live in the intestines (including the colon) of humans and others animals
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)- A standard test of water pollution, measured by the amount of dissolved consumed by aquatic organisms over a given period.
Dissolved Oxygen Content (DO) - The amount of oxygen dissolved in a given volumge of water at a given temperature and atmospheric pressure
Oxygen Sag- Oxygen decline downstream from a pollution source that introudces materials with high biological oxygen demands
Oligotrophic- The condition of rivers and lakes that have clear water and low biological productivity
Eutrophic- Rivers and lakes rich in organisms and organic material
Cultural Eutrophication- An increase in biological productivity and ecosystem succession caused by human activities
Red Tide- A population explosion or bloom of minute, single-celled marine organisms called dinoflagellates
Thermal Plume- A Plume of hot water discharged into a stream or lake by a heat source, such as a power plant
Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)- The amount of particular pollutants that a water body can receive from both point and nonpoint sources and still meet water quality standards
Primary Treamtment- A process that removes solids from sewage before it is discharged or treated further
Secondary Treatment- Bacterial decomposition of suspended particulates and dissolved organic compounds that remain after primary sewage treatment
Tertiary Treatment- Removal of inorganic minerals and plant nutrients after primary and secondary treatment of sewage
Effluent Sewerage- A low-cost alternative sewage treatment for cities in poor countries that combines some features of septic systems and centralized municipal treatment systems
Constructed Wetlands- Artificially constructed wetlands used to purify water
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