dot and cross diagrams
useful for showing how ionic compounds are formed
they dont show the structure of the compound, the relative sizes of the ions or how they're arranged
3d models
they show the relative sizes of the ions as well as the regular pattern in an ionic crystal
they only let you see the outer layer of the compound
ball and stick models
they show the regular pattern in an ionic lattice as well as how all the ions are arranged
they suggest that the crystal extends beyond what is shown in the diagram
they sometimes show the relative sizes of the ions
sometimes the ions are not shown to scale
they suggest that there are gaps between the ions when in reality there isnt